NUR 216 Exam #3 Questions and
Answers Latest 2025 A+
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What position should the client be in for auscultating the apical area?
The client should lie on their left lateral side.
What are the risk factors for cardiac disease?
Family history, medication history, and lifestyle factors.
What is the significance of creating a genogram in health history?
A genogram helps identify genetic risk factors for cardiac disease.
What is the leading cause of death among women related to
cardiovascular health?
Heart disease, causing 1/3 of deaths each year.
What condition is characterized by narrowed or blocked arteries due
to atherosclerosis?
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
What are common symptoms of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)?
Intermittent claudication, numbness or weakness in legs, changes in skin
color, temperature, texture, hair loss, wounds that don't heal, weak pulse,
erectile dysfunction.
What condition involves problems with veins where valves allow
backflow of blood?
Peripheral Venous Disease (PVD)
What are typical symptoms of Peripheral Venous Disease (PVD)?
Swelling/edema, heaviness/tightness in legs, spider veins or varicose
veins, difficulty standing for long periods, burning or cramping in
thighs/calves, itching around veins.
What mnemonic can help differentiate between PVD and PAD?
VEINY for PVD: Voluptuous pulses, Edema, Irregular shaped sores, No
sharp pain, Yellow and Brown ankles; ARTS for PAD: Absent pulses,
Round shaped sores, Toes and feet are pale or bright red, Sharp calf pain.
What are the risk factors for lymphedema?
Family history of lymphedema, removal of lymph nodes, invasive surgery,
radiation therapy, chemotherapy, morbid obesity.
What abnormal findings indicate enlarged lymph nodes?
,Enlarged > 1 cm, matted (group of fused lymph nodes), hard, tender.
What is the proper technique for auscultating the carotid arteries?
Ask the client to take a breath in and hold it, then use a stethoscope to
listen for a bruit, which is an abnormal sound indicating obstruction.
What does visible jugular venous distention indicate?
Increased central venous pressure, often seen in congestive heart failure
and fluid overload.
What should be inspected when assessing the upper extremities?
Symmetry, color, texture, edema, fingernail beds for color, nail thickness,
and profile sign (clubbing).
What are signs of altered peripheral circulation in the upper
extremities?
Discoloration, change in skin texture, cool extremities, unilateral edema,
enlarged epitrochlear nodes, cellulitis, ulcerations.
What is pitting edema?
Accumulation of fluid in tissues where an indentation remains after
pressure is applied.
What should be assessed when inspecting/palpating the lower
extremities?
Color, symmetry, texture, edema, nail thickness, temperature, and pulses
(popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis).
What are abnormal findings in the lower extremities?
Color discoloration, decreased texture, loss of hair, cool skin temperature,
thick toenails, presence of bilateral or unilateral edema, varicose veins,
lymphedema.
What is the significance of assessing the epitrochlear lymph nodes?
Enlarged epitrochlear nodes can indicate underlying conditions such as
infection or malignancy.
What are the characteristics of arterial ulcers?
Typically have round shapes, are located on toes and feet, and are
associated with sharp calf pain.
What are the characteristics of venous ulcers?
Often irregularly shaped, located on the lower legs, and associated with
swelling and varicose veins.
What does a cool skin temperature in the lower extremities suggest?
Possible arterial insufficiency.
What does the presence of varicose veins indicate?
, Potential venous insufficiency or valve dysfunction.
What is the profile sign in nail assessment?
A sign of clubbing, where the angle between the nail and the nail bed is
greater than 180 degrees.
How should the client be positioned for assessing jugular venous
distention?
In an upright sitting or semi-Fowler's position.
What is a bruit?
An abnormal 'whooshing' sound heard over an artery, indicating turbulent
blood flow due to obstruction.
Musculoskeletal
Provides structure, support, protection, and movement.
Skeleton
Composed of 206 bones and divided into two regions: axial skeleton and
appendicular skeleton.
Types of bones
Long bones and irregular/short bones.
Joint
Two or more bones coming together.
Synovial joint
A type of joint that allows for movement.
Non-synovial joint
A type of joint that does not allow for movement.
Types of joints
Fused, ball and socket, hinge, gliding, plane, and condyloid.
Vertebrae
33 bones and cartilaginous segments compose the vertebrae in the spinal
column.
Muscles
Over 600 muscles in the human body protect our bones and are
responsible for body movement.
Types of muscle
Cardiac, smooth, and skeletal.
Tendons
Nonelastic structures that connect muscles to bones.
Ligaments
Provide additional support to the joint.
Answers Latest 2025 A+
.
What position should the client be in for auscultating the apical area?
The client should lie on their left lateral side.
What are the risk factors for cardiac disease?
Family history, medication history, and lifestyle factors.
What is the significance of creating a genogram in health history?
A genogram helps identify genetic risk factors for cardiac disease.
What is the leading cause of death among women related to
cardiovascular health?
Heart disease, causing 1/3 of deaths each year.
What condition is characterized by narrowed or blocked arteries due
to atherosclerosis?
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
What are common symptoms of Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)?
Intermittent claudication, numbness or weakness in legs, changes in skin
color, temperature, texture, hair loss, wounds that don't heal, weak pulse,
erectile dysfunction.
What condition involves problems with veins where valves allow
backflow of blood?
Peripheral Venous Disease (PVD)
What are typical symptoms of Peripheral Venous Disease (PVD)?
Swelling/edema, heaviness/tightness in legs, spider veins or varicose
veins, difficulty standing for long periods, burning or cramping in
thighs/calves, itching around veins.
What mnemonic can help differentiate between PVD and PAD?
VEINY for PVD: Voluptuous pulses, Edema, Irregular shaped sores, No
sharp pain, Yellow and Brown ankles; ARTS for PAD: Absent pulses,
Round shaped sores, Toes and feet are pale or bright red, Sharp calf pain.
What are the risk factors for lymphedema?
Family history of lymphedema, removal of lymph nodes, invasive surgery,
radiation therapy, chemotherapy, morbid obesity.
What abnormal findings indicate enlarged lymph nodes?
,Enlarged > 1 cm, matted (group of fused lymph nodes), hard, tender.
What is the proper technique for auscultating the carotid arteries?
Ask the client to take a breath in and hold it, then use a stethoscope to
listen for a bruit, which is an abnormal sound indicating obstruction.
What does visible jugular venous distention indicate?
Increased central venous pressure, often seen in congestive heart failure
and fluid overload.
What should be inspected when assessing the upper extremities?
Symmetry, color, texture, edema, fingernail beds for color, nail thickness,
and profile sign (clubbing).
What are signs of altered peripheral circulation in the upper
extremities?
Discoloration, change in skin texture, cool extremities, unilateral edema,
enlarged epitrochlear nodes, cellulitis, ulcerations.
What is pitting edema?
Accumulation of fluid in tissues where an indentation remains after
pressure is applied.
What should be assessed when inspecting/palpating the lower
extremities?
Color, symmetry, texture, edema, nail thickness, temperature, and pulses
(popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis).
What are abnormal findings in the lower extremities?
Color discoloration, decreased texture, loss of hair, cool skin temperature,
thick toenails, presence of bilateral or unilateral edema, varicose veins,
lymphedema.
What is the significance of assessing the epitrochlear lymph nodes?
Enlarged epitrochlear nodes can indicate underlying conditions such as
infection or malignancy.
What are the characteristics of arterial ulcers?
Typically have round shapes, are located on toes and feet, and are
associated with sharp calf pain.
What are the characteristics of venous ulcers?
Often irregularly shaped, located on the lower legs, and associated with
swelling and varicose veins.
What does a cool skin temperature in the lower extremities suggest?
Possible arterial insufficiency.
What does the presence of varicose veins indicate?
, Potential venous insufficiency or valve dysfunction.
What is the profile sign in nail assessment?
A sign of clubbing, where the angle between the nail and the nail bed is
greater than 180 degrees.
How should the client be positioned for assessing jugular venous
distention?
In an upright sitting or semi-Fowler's position.
What is a bruit?
An abnormal 'whooshing' sound heard over an artery, indicating turbulent
blood flow due to obstruction.
Musculoskeletal
Provides structure, support, protection, and movement.
Skeleton
Composed of 206 bones and divided into two regions: axial skeleton and
appendicular skeleton.
Types of bones
Long bones and irregular/short bones.
Joint
Two or more bones coming together.
Synovial joint
A type of joint that allows for movement.
Non-synovial joint
A type of joint that does not allow for movement.
Types of joints
Fused, ball and socket, hinge, gliding, plane, and condyloid.
Vertebrae
33 bones and cartilaginous segments compose the vertebrae in the spinal
column.
Muscles
Over 600 muscles in the human body protect our bones and are
responsible for body movement.
Types of muscle
Cardiac, smooth, and skeletal.
Tendons
Nonelastic structures that connect muscles to bones.
Ligaments
Provide additional support to the joint.
