Microbiology Tortora Ch 6 Test Bank
All Fully Solved 2025-2026 Edition.
microbial growth - Answer increases in cell # not size
bacteria reproduce by - Answer binary fission
colony - Answer colony is an assembly of microorganisms that grow from a single cell or
group of the same cells
physical requirements for microbial growth - Answer temp, pH, osmotic pressure
psychrophile - Answer microbes that grow in cold temps b/t -10-20 degrees Celsius;
optimum growth temp is around 15 degrees Celsius.oceans.photosynthetic.
psychrotroph - Answer microbes that spoil food in your fridge; grow in temperatures b/t 0-
30 degrees Celsius; optimum growth temperature is spoilage 20 degrees Celsius
mesophile - Answer microbes that grow between 10-50 degrees Celsius; typically grow in
bodies of animals; most common type of microbe; most human pathogens are in this category;
optimum temperature is about 37 degrees Celsius.cause disease.
thermophile - Answer microbes that grow in 40-70 degrees Celsius; optimum growth
temperature is about 60 degrees Cels. Thermo waters.
hyperthermophile - Answer microbes that grow in 65-110 degrees Celsius; optimum
temperature is 90-100. Archea group.
what pH do most bacteria prefer? - Answer 6.5-7
What is the ph for Yeasts and Molds? - Answer 5 and 6
Acidophiles - Answer ph 1
, hypertonic - Answer concentration of solutes (salt,sugar) higher outside cell; causes
shrinkage or plasmolysis (cell loses water creating gaps between cell wall and membrane). Salty
fish,condense milk.
hypotonic - Answer concentration of solutes lower outside the cell; causes swelling and
sometimes lysis
isotonic - Answer concentration of solutes is same inside and outside cell; water inters and
leaves cell at same rate; most microbes prefer these kinds of solutions
extreme halophile sometimes called obligate halophiles) - Answer microbes that have
adapted to high salt concentrations & require them for growth to 30%.requires high osmotic
pressure
facultative halophiles - Answer don't require high salt concentrations but are able to grow at
salt concentrations up to 2%. tolerate high osmotic pressure.more common staphylococcus
group
chemical requirements for growth - Answer elements and compounds needed for growth
carbon (all organic compounds need this)
water (all need this)
nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus (used for synthesis of cellular material)
oxygen (microbes vary greatly in their oxygen requirements)
Trace elements (as enzymes cofactors)
Sulfa - Answer In amino acids,thiamine,biot-in.
By decomposing protiens,
Some extract SO4'2- or H2S
Carbon - Answer Is a structural organic molecules,
Energy sourse,
Chemoheterotrop: use organic carbon sources, glucose.
Autotrophs(self nourishing) use CO2 ex.algea ,plants like bacteria
All Fully Solved 2025-2026 Edition.
microbial growth - Answer increases in cell # not size
bacteria reproduce by - Answer binary fission
colony - Answer colony is an assembly of microorganisms that grow from a single cell or
group of the same cells
physical requirements for microbial growth - Answer temp, pH, osmotic pressure
psychrophile - Answer microbes that grow in cold temps b/t -10-20 degrees Celsius;
optimum growth temp is around 15 degrees Celsius.oceans.photosynthetic.
psychrotroph - Answer microbes that spoil food in your fridge; grow in temperatures b/t 0-
30 degrees Celsius; optimum growth temperature is spoilage 20 degrees Celsius
mesophile - Answer microbes that grow between 10-50 degrees Celsius; typically grow in
bodies of animals; most common type of microbe; most human pathogens are in this category;
optimum temperature is about 37 degrees Celsius.cause disease.
thermophile - Answer microbes that grow in 40-70 degrees Celsius; optimum growth
temperature is about 60 degrees Cels. Thermo waters.
hyperthermophile - Answer microbes that grow in 65-110 degrees Celsius; optimum
temperature is 90-100. Archea group.
what pH do most bacteria prefer? - Answer 6.5-7
What is the ph for Yeasts and Molds? - Answer 5 and 6
Acidophiles - Answer ph 1
, hypertonic - Answer concentration of solutes (salt,sugar) higher outside cell; causes
shrinkage or plasmolysis (cell loses water creating gaps between cell wall and membrane). Salty
fish,condense milk.
hypotonic - Answer concentration of solutes lower outside the cell; causes swelling and
sometimes lysis
isotonic - Answer concentration of solutes is same inside and outside cell; water inters and
leaves cell at same rate; most microbes prefer these kinds of solutions
extreme halophile sometimes called obligate halophiles) - Answer microbes that have
adapted to high salt concentrations & require them for growth to 30%.requires high osmotic
pressure
facultative halophiles - Answer don't require high salt concentrations but are able to grow at
salt concentrations up to 2%. tolerate high osmotic pressure.more common staphylococcus
group
chemical requirements for growth - Answer elements and compounds needed for growth
carbon (all organic compounds need this)
water (all need this)
nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus (used for synthesis of cellular material)
oxygen (microbes vary greatly in their oxygen requirements)
Trace elements (as enzymes cofactors)
Sulfa - Answer In amino acids,thiamine,biot-in.
By decomposing protiens,
Some extract SO4'2- or H2S
Carbon - Answer Is a structural organic molecules,
Energy sourse,
Chemoheterotrop: use organic carbon sources, glucose.
Autotrophs(self nourishing) use CO2 ex.algea ,plants like bacteria
