EMERGENCY NURSING THEORY 2 (MENTAL HEALTH
AND SUBSTANCE MISUSE)
Mental illness spans across age, gender, social and economic status. Although some
mental illnesses are more prevalent in certain populations, no one is immune. It is
estimated that? of Canadians will experience a mental illness during their lifetime and at
some point, all Canadians are likely to be affected through a mental illness in a family
member, friend, or colleague - Answer -twenty percent
The World Health Organization predicts that by 2020, ? will be a leading cause of
disability worldwide, second only to heart disease - Answer -depression
Despite the prevalence of mental illness, this population group remains marginalized
both in society and within the health care field. - Answer -Despite the prevalence of
mental illness, this population group remains marginalized both in society and within the
health care field.
Drug abuse is a common health issue in Canada. Club drugs such as ? are among the
most common substances used by teens and young adults. - Answer -ecstasy, GHB,
rohypnol, and Ketalar
These drugs are popular because they are ? - Answer -inexpensive and packaged in
easy to ingest forms such as pills, powders, or liquids
Researchers and policy makers are constantly striving to understand and explain the
phenomenon of drug use, in order to prevent progression to "hard drugs" such as
cocaine, crystal methamphetamine, and heroin. - Answer -Researchers and policy
makers are constantly striving to understand and explain the phenomenon of drug use,
in order to prevent progression to "hard drugs" such as cocaine, crystal
methamphetamine, and heroin.
In discussing chronic illness, Wright (as cited in Thorne, 1993) addressed the idea that
society tends to judge people based on their ability to function in a larger social group. If
and when individuals are not able to maintain social contacts and/or social function, we
pass judgment on their worth and value as people. - Answer -In discussing chronic
illness, Wright (as cited in Thorne, 1993) addressed the idea that society tends to judge
people based on their ability to function in a larger social group. If and when individuals
are not able to maintain social contacts and/or social function, we pass judgment on
their worth and value as people.
Think about the phrase "ability to perform in normal social situations." What does this
phrase mean to you? Who sets the criteria for normal? Does ability to perform in social
situations mean that I have to "get along with everyone"? Or, perhaps that I have to be
assertive about what I need? Does it mean that I am always in control of my emotions in
,public or that I should be expressive about how I feel? What about outside of social
situations — when I am alone? - Answer -Think about the phrase "ability to perform in
normal social situations." What does this phrase mean to you? Who sets the criteria for
normal? Does ability to perform in social situations mean that I have to "get along with
everyone"? Or, perhaps that I have to be assertive about what I need? Does it mean
that I am always in control of my emotions in public or that I should be expressive about
how I feel? What about outside of social situations — when I am alone?
Mental illness can be a double-edged sword, where individuals suffer not only ? -
Answer -the debilitating effects of the disease itself, but also from the impact of
stereotyping and resulting marginalization and discrimination.
Further, the stigma associated with mental illness itself often creates ? - Answer -
barriers to treatment and recovery
Where do our perceptions of mental illness come from? Not surprisingly, many experts
contend that from a very young age, individuals are socialized to stereotypes of mental
illness through the ? - Answer -media and entertainment industries.
Without any direct exposure to the mentally ill, people are afforded no contrary
perspective to the often negative, overly dramatic and distorted images of mental
illness. - Answer -Without any direct exposure to the mentally ill, people are afforded no
contrary perspective to the often negative, overly dramatic and distorted images of
mental illness.
Both ? are guilty of negative portrayals, where symptoms of mental illness are
exaggerated and causes and treatments are often erroneous and over simplified. -
Answer -Both factual media and fictional entertainment are guilty of negative portrayals
In general, mentally ill characters are portrayed as significantly more violent than other
characters and rarely accurately represent the reality that people with mental illness are
more likely to be victims of violence than they are to commit violent crimes themselves.
Since the early days of television and movies, the entertainment industry has
consistently connected mental illness with violence - Answer -
As a result of stigmatization, mental health patients are placed in a ? - Answer -double
bind.
On one hand patients must accept a diagnostic label in order to access ? - Answer -
effective treatment.
At the same time, patients feel the stigma and experience discrimination that may be ? -
Answer -attached to a particular label.
, Psychiatric deinstitutionalization is in its fourth decade in Canada. In the 1960s, the
impetus to close mental hospitals came about for a variety of reasons including ? -
Answer -humanitarian , scientific, economic , and societal .
Critics of deinstitutionalization underscore the lack of ? - Answer -long-term planning,
lack of community resources, increased burden on families, increased homelessness
and/or imprisonment, and increased use of acute care health services.
Traditionally, EDs were set up as rapid assessment units, where patients were seen,
treated, and either admitted to hospital or discharged home. Some might contend that
EDs are not designed to deal with patients suffering from mental illness. This assertion
might be true. However, neither were EDs designed to house infectious patients or
function as inpatient medical, coronary care, or intensive care units. - Answer -
Traditionally, EDs were set up as rapid assessment units, where patients were seen,
treated, and either admitted to hospital or discharged home. Some might contend that
EDs are not designed to deal with patients suffering from mental illness. This assertion
might be true. However, neither were EDs designed to house infectious patients or
function as inpatient medical, coronary care, or intensive care units.
Times change, EDs adapt. Redesigns and renovations include separate fast track units,
rapid assessment units, patient holding units, isolation rooms, and seclusion rooms.
Treatment changes range from invasive hemodynamic monitoring in ED trauma rooms
to the addition of psychiatric emergency nurses (PENs). - Answer -Times change, EDs
adapt. Redesigns and renovations include separate fast track units, rapid assessment
units, patient holding units, isolation rooms, and seclusion rooms. Treatment changes
range from invasive hemodynamic monitoring in ED trauma rooms to the addition of
psychiatric emergency nurses (PENs).
Mental illness presentations in EDs vary just as every other patient complaint. ? remain
key considerations when caring for patients with this type of presentation. - Answer -
Level of urgency, actual and potential problems, and worst case scenario remain key
considerations when caring for patients with this type of presentation.
Similar to other illnesses and injuries, CTAS levels for mental illness presentations
dictate that prioritization will be based on numerous factors. Some of these patients will
not make it to the top of the priority list. That's the reality. And patients with lower priority
levels have to wait longer to be seen. However, should that change our interactions with
them? - Answer -Similar to other illnesses and injuries, CTAS levels for mental illness
presentations dictate that prioritization will be based on numerous factors. Some of
these patients will not make it to the top of the priority list. That's the reality. And
patients with lower priority levels have to wait longer to be seen. However, should that
change our interactions with them?
The simple answer is: start with the ABCs, just as you would with any other patient.
Using a systematic approach to assessment is paramount to effective nursing practice.
AND SUBSTANCE MISUSE)
Mental illness spans across age, gender, social and economic status. Although some
mental illnesses are more prevalent in certain populations, no one is immune. It is
estimated that? of Canadians will experience a mental illness during their lifetime and at
some point, all Canadians are likely to be affected through a mental illness in a family
member, friend, or colleague - Answer -twenty percent
The World Health Organization predicts that by 2020, ? will be a leading cause of
disability worldwide, second only to heart disease - Answer -depression
Despite the prevalence of mental illness, this population group remains marginalized
both in society and within the health care field. - Answer -Despite the prevalence of
mental illness, this population group remains marginalized both in society and within the
health care field.
Drug abuse is a common health issue in Canada. Club drugs such as ? are among the
most common substances used by teens and young adults. - Answer -ecstasy, GHB,
rohypnol, and Ketalar
These drugs are popular because they are ? - Answer -inexpensive and packaged in
easy to ingest forms such as pills, powders, or liquids
Researchers and policy makers are constantly striving to understand and explain the
phenomenon of drug use, in order to prevent progression to "hard drugs" such as
cocaine, crystal methamphetamine, and heroin. - Answer -Researchers and policy
makers are constantly striving to understand and explain the phenomenon of drug use,
in order to prevent progression to "hard drugs" such as cocaine, crystal
methamphetamine, and heroin.
In discussing chronic illness, Wright (as cited in Thorne, 1993) addressed the idea that
society tends to judge people based on their ability to function in a larger social group. If
and when individuals are not able to maintain social contacts and/or social function, we
pass judgment on their worth and value as people. - Answer -In discussing chronic
illness, Wright (as cited in Thorne, 1993) addressed the idea that society tends to judge
people based on their ability to function in a larger social group. If and when individuals
are not able to maintain social contacts and/or social function, we pass judgment on
their worth and value as people.
Think about the phrase "ability to perform in normal social situations." What does this
phrase mean to you? Who sets the criteria for normal? Does ability to perform in social
situations mean that I have to "get along with everyone"? Or, perhaps that I have to be
assertive about what I need? Does it mean that I am always in control of my emotions in
,public or that I should be expressive about how I feel? What about outside of social
situations — when I am alone? - Answer -Think about the phrase "ability to perform in
normal social situations." What does this phrase mean to you? Who sets the criteria for
normal? Does ability to perform in social situations mean that I have to "get along with
everyone"? Or, perhaps that I have to be assertive about what I need? Does it mean
that I am always in control of my emotions in public or that I should be expressive about
how I feel? What about outside of social situations — when I am alone?
Mental illness can be a double-edged sword, where individuals suffer not only ? -
Answer -the debilitating effects of the disease itself, but also from the impact of
stereotyping and resulting marginalization and discrimination.
Further, the stigma associated with mental illness itself often creates ? - Answer -
barriers to treatment and recovery
Where do our perceptions of mental illness come from? Not surprisingly, many experts
contend that from a very young age, individuals are socialized to stereotypes of mental
illness through the ? - Answer -media and entertainment industries.
Without any direct exposure to the mentally ill, people are afforded no contrary
perspective to the often negative, overly dramatic and distorted images of mental
illness. - Answer -Without any direct exposure to the mentally ill, people are afforded no
contrary perspective to the often negative, overly dramatic and distorted images of
mental illness.
Both ? are guilty of negative portrayals, where symptoms of mental illness are
exaggerated and causes and treatments are often erroneous and over simplified. -
Answer -Both factual media and fictional entertainment are guilty of negative portrayals
In general, mentally ill characters are portrayed as significantly more violent than other
characters and rarely accurately represent the reality that people with mental illness are
more likely to be victims of violence than they are to commit violent crimes themselves.
Since the early days of television and movies, the entertainment industry has
consistently connected mental illness with violence - Answer -
As a result of stigmatization, mental health patients are placed in a ? - Answer -double
bind.
On one hand patients must accept a diagnostic label in order to access ? - Answer -
effective treatment.
At the same time, patients feel the stigma and experience discrimination that may be ? -
Answer -attached to a particular label.
, Psychiatric deinstitutionalization is in its fourth decade in Canada. In the 1960s, the
impetus to close mental hospitals came about for a variety of reasons including ? -
Answer -humanitarian , scientific, economic , and societal .
Critics of deinstitutionalization underscore the lack of ? - Answer -long-term planning,
lack of community resources, increased burden on families, increased homelessness
and/or imprisonment, and increased use of acute care health services.
Traditionally, EDs were set up as rapid assessment units, where patients were seen,
treated, and either admitted to hospital or discharged home. Some might contend that
EDs are not designed to deal with patients suffering from mental illness. This assertion
might be true. However, neither were EDs designed to house infectious patients or
function as inpatient medical, coronary care, or intensive care units. - Answer -
Traditionally, EDs were set up as rapid assessment units, where patients were seen,
treated, and either admitted to hospital or discharged home. Some might contend that
EDs are not designed to deal with patients suffering from mental illness. This assertion
might be true. However, neither were EDs designed to house infectious patients or
function as inpatient medical, coronary care, or intensive care units.
Times change, EDs adapt. Redesigns and renovations include separate fast track units,
rapid assessment units, patient holding units, isolation rooms, and seclusion rooms.
Treatment changes range from invasive hemodynamic monitoring in ED trauma rooms
to the addition of psychiatric emergency nurses (PENs). - Answer -Times change, EDs
adapt. Redesigns and renovations include separate fast track units, rapid assessment
units, patient holding units, isolation rooms, and seclusion rooms. Treatment changes
range from invasive hemodynamic monitoring in ED trauma rooms to the addition of
psychiatric emergency nurses (PENs).
Mental illness presentations in EDs vary just as every other patient complaint. ? remain
key considerations when caring for patients with this type of presentation. - Answer -
Level of urgency, actual and potential problems, and worst case scenario remain key
considerations when caring for patients with this type of presentation.
Similar to other illnesses and injuries, CTAS levels for mental illness presentations
dictate that prioritization will be based on numerous factors. Some of these patients will
not make it to the top of the priority list. That's the reality. And patients with lower priority
levels have to wait longer to be seen. However, should that change our interactions with
them? - Answer -Similar to other illnesses and injuries, CTAS levels for mental illness
presentations dictate that prioritization will be based on numerous factors. Some of
these patients will not make it to the top of the priority list. That's the reality. And
patients with lower priority levels have to wait longer to be seen. However, should that
change our interactions with them?
The simple answer is: start with the ABCs, just as you would with any other patient.
Using a systematic approach to assessment is paramount to effective nursing practice.
