BIOL 1090 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
~3 billion years ago the Earths atmosphere was composed of - ANS nitrogen, ammonia,
methane, carbon dioxide, water and hydrogen gas
Lifes' organic building blocks were formed when - ANS lightning bolts fuelled reactions that
changed the composition of Earth's atmosphere
The method of the Miller-Urey experiment was - ANS simulated Earths atmosphere from ~3
billion years ago then sent sparks of electricity through the system
The Miller-Urey experiment formed - ANS urea, cyanide, formaldehyde and amino acids, the
basic building blocks of life
The Cell Theory states that - ANS - the cell is the structural unit of life
- all organisms are composed of one or more cell types
- cells can only arise by the division of a pre-existing cell
The production of a cell requires - ANS information, chemistry and compartments
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,Compartments are - ANS membrane bound structures dedicated to a particular function
The basic properties of cells are that they - ANS - are highly complex and organized
- are actively controlled by a genetic program
can reproduce
- assimilate and utilize energy
- carry out chemical reactions
- engage in mechanical activities
- respond to stimuli
- are capable of self-regulation
- evolve
Prokaryotic cells are - ANS structurally simple, ex: bacteria
Eukaryotic cells are - ANS structurally complex
Types of eukaryotic organisms are - ANS protists, fungi, plants and animals
Cells are organized with respect to - ANS time and space
Viruses are - ANS non-cellular macromolecule packages that can function and reproduce only
within living cells
Virons are - ANS inanimate particles that viruses exist as outside of cells
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Virons are composed of - ANS a small amount of genetic material and a protein capsule or
capsid
The types of cells viruses can infect and the host range are defined by - ANS the specific
proteins on the cell surface
A virus with a wide host range is - ANS rabies (dogs, bats, humans, etc.)
A virus with a narrow host range is - ANS human influenza (epithelial cells of the human
respiratory system)
Once a virus has infected a cell it - ANS hijacks cellular machinery to synthesize nucleic acids,
proteins and new virus particles
Lytic viral infections - ANS rupture and kill cells by producing virus particles
Non-Lytic or integrative or lysogenic viral infections - ANS - insert viral DNA into the host
genome to create a provirus
- the cell can survive with impaired function
The function of biological membranes is to - ANS - provide cell boundary
- define and enclose compartments
- control movement of material
- allow response to external stimuli
- enable interactions between cells
- provide a scaffold for biochemical activities
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
~3 billion years ago the Earths atmosphere was composed of - ANS nitrogen, ammonia,
methane, carbon dioxide, water and hydrogen gas
Lifes' organic building blocks were formed when - ANS lightning bolts fuelled reactions that
changed the composition of Earth's atmosphere
The method of the Miller-Urey experiment was - ANS simulated Earths atmosphere from ~3
billion years ago then sent sparks of electricity through the system
The Miller-Urey experiment formed - ANS urea, cyanide, formaldehyde and amino acids, the
basic building blocks of life
The Cell Theory states that - ANS - the cell is the structural unit of life
- all organisms are composed of one or more cell types
- cells can only arise by the division of a pre-existing cell
The production of a cell requires - ANS information, chemistry and compartments
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,Compartments are - ANS membrane bound structures dedicated to a particular function
The basic properties of cells are that they - ANS - are highly complex and organized
- are actively controlled by a genetic program
can reproduce
- assimilate and utilize energy
- carry out chemical reactions
- engage in mechanical activities
- respond to stimuli
- are capable of self-regulation
- evolve
Prokaryotic cells are - ANS structurally simple, ex: bacteria
Eukaryotic cells are - ANS structurally complex
Types of eukaryotic organisms are - ANS protists, fungi, plants and animals
Cells are organized with respect to - ANS time and space
Viruses are - ANS non-cellular macromolecule packages that can function and reproduce only
within living cells
Virons are - ANS inanimate particles that viruses exist as outside of cells
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Virons are composed of - ANS a small amount of genetic material and a protein capsule or
capsid
The types of cells viruses can infect and the host range are defined by - ANS the specific
proteins on the cell surface
A virus with a wide host range is - ANS rabies (dogs, bats, humans, etc.)
A virus with a narrow host range is - ANS human influenza (epithelial cells of the human
respiratory system)
Once a virus has infected a cell it - ANS hijacks cellular machinery to synthesize nucleic acids,
proteins and new virus particles
Lytic viral infections - ANS rupture and kill cells by producing virus particles
Non-Lytic or integrative or lysogenic viral infections - ANS - insert viral DNA into the host
genome to create a provirus
- the cell can survive with impaired function
The function of biological membranes is to - ANS - provide cell boundary
- define and enclose compartments
- control movement of material
- allow response to external stimuli
- enable interactions between cells
- provide a scaffold for biochemical activities
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
