Nursing 3000 Exam questions and
answers graded A+
BMI <18.5 - ANS✅✅underweight
BMI 18.5-24.9 - ANS✅✅normal weight
a BMI of 25.0-29.9 is considered - ANS✅✅overweight
BMI >30 - ANS✅✅obese
How many calories per gram of protein? - ANS✅✅4 calories per gram
How many calories per gram of carbohydrates? - ANS✅✅4 calories per gram
How many calories are in a gram of fat? - ANS✅✅9 calories per gram
breast milk - ANS✅✅Your breast milk changes as your baby grows - **Colostrum changes into
what is called mature milk. By the third to fifth day after birth, this mature breast milk has just the
right amount of fat, sugar, water, and protein to help your baby continue to grow. It is a thinner type
of milk than colostrum, but it provides all of the nutrients and antibodies your baby needs.
**Breast milk is easier to digest - For most babies — especially premature babies — breast milk is
easier to digest than formula. The proteins in formula are made from cow's milk and it takes time for
babies' stomachs to adjust to digesting them.
**Breast milk fights disease - The cells, hormones, and antibodies in breast milk protect babies from
illness. This protection is unique; formula cannot match the chemical makeup of human breast milk.
In fact, among formula-fed babies, ear infections and diarrhea are more common. Formula-fed
babies also have higher risks of:
Components of breast milk - ANS✅✅-Full of antibodies
-Requires planning
,-inexpensive
Components of formula - ANS✅✅-Cow milk based. Never give this to a infant under the age of 1
-Convenient
-Expensive
Sodium normal range - ANS✅✅135-145 mEq/L
Potassium normal range - ANS✅✅3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Magnesium normal range - ANS✅✅1.6-2.6 mEq/L
Calcium normal ranges - ANS✅✅8.5-10.5 mEq/L
water soluble vitamins - ANS✅✅-Thiamine
-Riboflavin (Vitamin D2)
-Niacin (Vitamin B3)
-B6
-Pantothenic acid (B5)
-Folic Acid (B9)
-B12 (patients that have this deficiency are alcoholics & vegans)
-Vitamin C
fat soluble vitamins - ANS✅✅A, D, E, K
PROTEIN daily requirement - ANS✅✅46- 56 g a day. 10 -35%
carbs daily requirement - ANS✅✅130 grams per day.m 45-65%
fats/lipid daily requirement - ANS✅✅-No more than 30 grams of fat per day.
-Adults 20-35%
,-Children 25-40%
fat/lipid function & food sources - ANS✅✅-Fat makes up part of the cell membranes.
-The lining around nerves.
-Steroid Hormones- Estrogen and testosterone.
-If women's body fat decreases below 18% they will stop menstruation and have fertility problems.
-Fat for padding for warmth in cold climates.
Secondary source for energy.
food sources;
-Butter.
-Oils- Animal sources and plant sources.
-Diary Products- Milk, Cheese, etc.
-Meats.
-Bacon- 1 slice= 1fat serving.
-Nuts.
-Avocados.
protein function & food sources - ANS✅✅-Provides energy after carbohydrate and fat supplies are
exhausted.
-Needed for growth and development of tissues.
-Wound healing.
Food sources:
incomplete protein: comes from plant sources; beans, legumes, nuts, brown rice, tofu, whole grains
and cereal
complete protein: comes from animal sources; dairy products, meat, fish, poultry, eggs
carbohydrate function & food sources - ANS✅✅-Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for
the body.
-Maintains protein and fat balance.
, food sources:
-Refine sugars- White sugars, cane sugar, candy, etc.
Fruits.
-Vegetables- Starchy vegetables.
-Pasta
-Legumes
-Whole grains
water requirements depend on - ANS✅✅-Age
-Activity
-Temperature-both internal and external.
-Losses
Water requirements - ANS✅✅-Adult- 30ml/Kg/day
-Adult of 70Kg X 30 ml.= 2100 ml/day.
Or 15 ml/lb/day.
-Adult weighing 150 lbs. X 15 ml.= 2250ml /day.
-6-8 glasses of water to 8-10 glasses of water per day.
-Hot climates 2-3liters per day.
% water body makeup - ANS✅✅-Adult body fluid volume: 60%
-Infant (newborn) body fluid volume: 77%
-Embryo: 90%
calorie requirements - ANS✅✅-Adult calorie requirements are based on age, sex, activity level and
need.
-Base adult calorie needs are:
30-35 Calories per IBW ( Ideal body weight) Kg. (Kilograms)
example: Adult who IBW is 58 Kg.:
answers graded A+
BMI <18.5 - ANS✅✅underweight
BMI 18.5-24.9 - ANS✅✅normal weight
a BMI of 25.0-29.9 is considered - ANS✅✅overweight
BMI >30 - ANS✅✅obese
How many calories per gram of protein? - ANS✅✅4 calories per gram
How many calories per gram of carbohydrates? - ANS✅✅4 calories per gram
How many calories are in a gram of fat? - ANS✅✅9 calories per gram
breast milk - ANS✅✅Your breast milk changes as your baby grows - **Colostrum changes into
what is called mature milk. By the third to fifth day after birth, this mature breast milk has just the
right amount of fat, sugar, water, and protein to help your baby continue to grow. It is a thinner type
of milk than colostrum, but it provides all of the nutrients and antibodies your baby needs.
**Breast milk is easier to digest - For most babies — especially premature babies — breast milk is
easier to digest than formula. The proteins in formula are made from cow's milk and it takes time for
babies' stomachs to adjust to digesting them.
**Breast milk fights disease - The cells, hormones, and antibodies in breast milk protect babies from
illness. This protection is unique; formula cannot match the chemical makeup of human breast milk.
In fact, among formula-fed babies, ear infections and diarrhea are more common. Formula-fed
babies also have higher risks of:
Components of breast milk - ANS✅✅-Full of antibodies
-Requires planning
,-inexpensive
Components of formula - ANS✅✅-Cow milk based. Never give this to a infant under the age of 1
-Convenient
-Expensive
Sodium normal range - ANS✅✅135-145 mEq/L
Potassium normal range - ANS✅✅3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Magnesium normal range - ANS✅✅1.6-2.6 mEq/L
Calcium normal ranges - ANS✅✅8.5-10.5 mEq/L
water soluble vitamins - ANS✅✅-Thiamine
-Riboflavin (Vitamin D2)
-Niacin (Vitamin B3)
-B6
-Pantothenic acid (B5)
-Folic Acid (B9)
-B12 (patients that have this deficiency are alcoholics & vegans)
-Vitamin C
fat soluble vitamins - ANS✅✅A, D, E, K
PROTEIN daily requirement - ANS✅✅46- 56 g a day. 10 -35%
carbs daily requirement - ANS✅✅130 grams per day.m 45-65%
fats/lipid daily requirement - ANS✅✅-No more than 30 grams of fat per day.
-Adults 20-35%
,-Children 25-40%
fat/lipid function & food sources - ANS✅✅-Fat makes up part of the cell membranes.
-The lining around nerves.
-Steroid Hormones- Estrogen and testosterone.
-If women's body fat decreases below 18% they will stop menstruation and have fertility problems.
-Fat for padding for warmth in cold climates.
Secondary source for energy.
food sources;
-Butter.
-Oils- Animal sources and plant sources.
-Diary Products- Milk, Cheese, etc.
-Meats.
-Bacon- 1 slice= 1fat serving.
-Nuts.
-Avocados.
protein function & food sources - ANS✅✅-Provides energy after carbohydrate and fat supplies are
exhausted.
-Needed for growth and development of tissues.
-Wound healing.
Food sources:
incomplete protein: comes from plant sources; beans, legumes, nuts, brown rice, tofu, whole grains
and cereal
complete protein: comes from animal sources; dairy products, meat, fish, poultry, eggs
carbohydrate function & food sources - ANS✅✅-Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for
the body.
-Maintains protein and fat balance.
, food sources:
-Refine sugars- White sugars, cane sugar, candy, etc.
Fruits.
-Vegetables- Starchy vegetables.
-Pasta
-Legumes
-Whole grains
water requirements depend on - ANS✅✅-Age
-Activity
-Temperature-both internal and external.
-Losses
Water requirements - ANS✅✅-Adult- 30ml/Kg/day
-Adult of 70Kg X 30 ml.= 2100 ml/day.
Or 15 ml/lb/day.
-Adult weighing 150 lbs. X 15 ml.= 2250ml /day.
-6-8 glasses of water to 8-10 glasses of water per day.
-Hot climates 2-3liters per day.
% water body makeup - ANS✅✅-Adult body fluid volume: 60%
-Infant (newborn) body fluid volume: 77%
-Embryo: 90%
calorie requirements - ANS✅✅-Adult calorie requirements are based on age, sex, activity level and
need.
-Base adult calorie needs are:
30-35 Calories per IBW ( Ideal body weight) Kg. (Kilograms)
example: Adult who IBW is 58 Kg.:
