NAS2 CHALLENGE EXAMINATION TEST 2026
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
100% CORRECT
● Endoplasmic Reticulum - "intracellular highway", transports items
around the cell, creates lipids of fat
● Lysosome - An organelle containing digestive enzymes
● Cytoplasm - A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are
suspended
● golgi apparatus - A system of membranes that modifies and packages
proteins for export by the cell
● ribosomes - site of protein synthesis
● mitochondria - Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP
(energy) production
● cell membrane function - 1) keep toxic substances out of cell
, 2) has receptors that allow molecules to pass between organelles
3) separate vital/incompatible metabolic processes in organelles
● concentration gradient - difference in the concentration of a substance
from one location to another
● simple diffusion - hydrogen bonds form between water molecules and
solutes
● facilitated diffusion - Movement of specific molecules across cell
membranes through protein channels
● osmosis - Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable
membrane
● active transport - the movement of ions or molecules across a cell
membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes
and requiring energy.
● endocytosis - the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of
its membrane to form a vacuole.
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
100% CORRECT
● Endoplasmic Reticulum - "intracellular highway", transports items
around the cell, creates lipids of fat
● Lysosome - An organelle containing digestive enzymes
● Cytoplasm - A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are
suspended
● golgi apparatus - A system of membranes that modifies and packages
proteins for export by the cell
● ribosomes - site of protein synthesis
● mitochondria - Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP
(energy) production
● cell membrane function - 1) keep toxic substances out of cell
, 2) has receptors that allow molecules to pass between organelles
3) separate vital/incompatible metabolic processes in organelles
● concentration gradient - difference in the concentration of a substance
from one location to another
● simple diffusion - hydrogen bonds form between water molecules and
solutes
● facilitated diffusion - Movement of specific molecules across cell
membranes through protein channels
● osmosis - Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable
membrane
● active transport - the movement of ions or molecules across a cell
membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes
and requiring energy.
● endocytosis - the taking in of matter by a living cell by invagination of
its membrane to form a vacuole.
