Test Bank for Neonatal & Pediatric Respiratory Care (5th Edition) – Walsh | Complete & Verified

TESTBANK x




NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC RESPIR
x x x




ATORY CARE x




5th Edition, Walsh
x
x




TESTBANK x

,NeonatalxandxPediatricxRespiratoryxCare,x5thxEdition,xBrianxK.xWalshxTestxBank

TablexofxContents
Chapterx1.xFetalxLungxDevelopment
Chapterx2.xFetalxGasxExchangexandxCirculation
Chapterx3.xAntenatalxAssessmentxandxHigh-RiskxDelivery
Chapterx4.xExaminationxandxAssessmentxofxthexNeonatalxandxPediatricxPatient
Chapterx5.xPulmonaryxFunctionxTestingxandxBedsidexPulmonaryxMechanics
Chapterx6.xRadiographicxAssessment
Chapterx7.xPediatricxFlexiblexBronchoscopy
Chapterx8.xInvasivexBloodxGasxAnalysisxandxCardiovascularxMonitoring
Chapterx9.xNoninvasivexMonitoringxinxNeonatalxandxPediatricxCare
Chapterx10.xOxygenxAdministration
Chapterx11.xAerosolsxandxAdministrationxofxInhaledxMedications
Chapterx12.xAirwayxClearancexTechniquesxandxHyperinflationxTherapy
Chapterx13.xAirwayxManagement
Chapterx14.xSurfactantxReplacementxTherapy
Chapterx15.xNoninvasivexMechanicalxVentilationxandxContinuousxPositivexPressurexofxthexNeonate
Chapterx16.xNoninvasivexMechanicalxVentilationxofxthexInfantxandxChild
Chapterx17.xInvasivexMechanicalxVentilationxofxthexNeonatexandxPediatricxPatient
Chapterx18.xAdministrationxofxGasxMixtures
Chapterx19.xExtracorporealxMembranexOxygenation
Chapterx20.xPharmacology
Chapterx21.xThoracicxOrganxTransplantation
Chapterx22.xNeonatalxPulmonaryxDisorders
Chapterx23.xSurgicalxDisordersxinxChildhoodxthatxAffectxRespiratoryxCare
Chapterx24.xCongenitalxCardiacxDefects
Chapterx25.xPediatricxSleep-DisorderedxBreathing
Chapterx26.xPediatricxAirwayxDisordersxandxParenchymalxLungxDiseases
Chapterx27.xAsthma
Chapterx28.xCysticxFibrosis
Chapterx29.xAcutexRespiratoryxDistressxSyndrome
Chapterx30.xShock
Chapterx31.xPediatricxTrauma
Chapterx32.xDisordersxofxthexPleura
Chapterx33.xNeurologicalxandxNeuromuscularxDisorders
Chapterx34.xPediatricxEmergencies
Chapterx35.xHomexCarexofxthexPostpartumxFamily
Chapterx36.xQualityxandxSafety

,Chapterx1:xFetalxLungxDevelopment
Walsh:xNeonatalx&xPediatricxRespiratoryxCarex5thxEditionxTestxBankx(2020)

MULTIPLExCHOICE

1. Whichxofxthexfollowingxphasesxofxhumanxlungxdevelopmentxisxcharacterizedxbyxthexformationxo
fxaxcapillaryxnetworkxaroundxairwayxpassages?
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular

ANS:x D
Thexcanalicularxphasexfollowsxthexpseudoglandularxphase,xlastingxfromxapproximatelyx17xweek
sxtox26xweeksxofxgestation.xThisxphasexisxsoxnamedxbecausexofxthexappearancexofxvascularxchann
els,xorxcapillaries,xwhichxbeginxtoxgrowxbyxformingxaxcapillaryxnetworkxaroundxthexairxpassages
.xDuringxthexpseudoglandularxstage,xwhichxbeginsxatxdayx52xandxextendsxtoxweekx16xofxgestatio
n,xthexairwayxsystemxsubdividesxextensivelyxandxthexconductingxairwayxsystemxdevelops,xendi
ngxwithxthexterminalxbronchioles.xThexsaccularxstagexofxdevelopment,xwhichxtakesxplacexfromx
weeksx29xtox36xofxgestation,xisxcharacterizedxbyxthexdevelopmentxofxsacsxthatxlaterxbecomexalve
oli.xDuringxthexsaccularxphase,xaxtremendousxincreasexinxthexpotentialxgas-
xexchangingxsurfacexareaxoccurs.xThexdistinctionxbetweenxthexsaccularxstagexandxthexalveolarxst


agexisxarbitrary.xThexalveolarxstagexstretchesxfromx39xweeksxofxgestationxtoxterm.xThisxstagexisxr
epresentedxbyxthexestablishmentxofxalveoli.

REF:xpp.x 3-5

2. Regardingxpostnatalxlungxgrowth,xbyxapproximatelyxwhatxagexdoxmostxofxthexalveolixthatxwillxb
expresentxinxthexlungsxforxlifexdevelop?
a. 6xmonths
b. 1xyear
c. 1.5xyears
d. 2xyears

ANS:x C
Mostxofxthexpostnatalxformationxofxalveolixinxthexinfantxoccursxoverxthexfirstx1.5xyearsxofxlife.xAt
x2xyearsxofxage,xthexnumberxofxalveolixvariesxsubstantiallyxamongxindividuals.xAfterx2xyearsxofxag


e,xmalesxhavexmorexalveolixthanxdoxfemales.xAfterxalveolarxmultiplicationxends,xthexalveolixcont
inuextoxincreasexinxsizexuntilxthoracicxgrowthxisxcompleted.

REF:x p.x6

3. Thexrespiratoryxtherapistxisxevaluatingxaxnewbornxwithxmildxrespiratoryxdistressxduextoxtrachealxs
tenosis.xDuringxwhichxperiodxofxlungxdevelopmentxdidxthisxproblemxdevelop?

, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS:x A
Thexinitialxstructuresxofxthexpulmonaryxtreexdevelopxduringxthexembryonalxstage.xErrorsxinxdeve
lopmentxduringxthisxtimexmayxresultxinxlaryngeal,xtracheal,xorxesophagealxatresiaxorxstenosis.xPu
lmonaryxhypoplasia,xanxincompletexdevelopmentxofxthexlungsxcharacterizedxbyxanxabnormallyxl
owxnumberxand/orxsizexofxbronchopulmonaryxsegmentsxand/orxalveoli,xcanxdevelopxduringxthex
pseudoglandularxphase.xIfxthexfetusxisxbornxduringxthexcanalicularxphasex(i.e.,xprematurely),xsev
erexrespiratoryxdistressxcanxbexexpectedxbecausexthexinadequatelyxdevelopedxairways,xalongxwit
hxinsufficientxandximmaturexsurfactantxproductionxbyxalveolarxtypexIIxcells,xgivesxrisextoxthexco
nstellationxofxproblemsxknownxasxinfantxrespiratoryxdistressxsyndrome.

REF:x x p.x6

4. Whichxofxthexfollowingxmechanismsxisx(are)xresponsiblexforxthexpossiblexassociationxbetweenx
oligohydramniosxandxlungxhypoplasia?

I. Abnormalxcarbohydratexmetabolism
II. Mechanicalxrestrictionxofxthexchestxwall
III. Interferencexwithxfetalxbreathing
IV. Failurextoxproducexfetalxlungxliquid
a. Ixandx IIIxonly
b. IIxandx IIIxonly
c. I,xII,xandx IVxonly
d. II,xIII,xandxIVxonly

ANS:x D
Oligohydramnios,xaxreducedxquantityxofxamnioticxfluidxpresentxforxanxextendedxperiodxofxtime,x
withxorxwithoutxrenalxanomalies,xisxassociatedxwithxlungxhypoplasia.xThexmechanismsxbyxwhichx
amnioticxfluidxvolumexinfluencesxlungxgrowthxremainxunclear.xPossiblexexplanationsxforxreduce
dxquantityxofxamnioticxfluidxincludexmechanicalxrestrictionxofxthexchestxwall,xinterferencexwithxf
etalxbreathing,xorxfailurextoxproducexfetalxlungxliquid.xThesexclinicalxandxexperimentalxobservati
onsxpossiblyxpointxtoxaxcommonxdenominator,xlungxstretch,xasxbeingxaxmajorxgrowthxstimulant.

REF:xpp.x6-7

5. WhatxisxthexpurposexofxthexsubstancexsecretedxbyxthextypexIIxpneumocyte?
a. Toxincreasexthexgasxexchangexsurfacexarea
b. Toxreducexsurfacextension
c. Toxmaintainxlungxelasticity
d. Toxpreservexthexvolumexofxthexamnioticxfluid