IGCSE History Comprehensive
Questions and Solutions
Graded A+
What did Woodrow Wilson think should happen to Germany? - Answer: -14 Points
-wanted to treat Germany fairly to prevent a future war
- didn't think that Germany needed to be treated that harshly because they were already weak
What did Lloyd George think should happen to Germany? - Answer: - wanted to continue
trading
- wanted to punish Germany (had pressure from home), but didn't want to treat them too
harshly to prevent a future war
What did Clemenceau think should happen to Germany? - Answer: - hated Germany
- wanted to punish Germany so harshly that they would never be able to be strong again
- blamed Germany for everything
What were Wilson's aims at the Paris Peace Conference? - Answer: - create the League of
Nations to promote cooperation between countries
- give self-determination to small countries
-14 points
What were Lloyd George's aims? - Answer: - trade with Germany again (Germany used to be
England's second largest trade partner)
,- take away all of Germany's colonies (colonies mean power; Germany will still be a threat to
Britain's power)
What were Clemenceau's aims? - Answer: - to ensure that Germany never rises in power again
--> so that another world war doesn't happen
-weaken Germany as much as possible
What were conflicts between Clemenceau and Wilson's ideas? What did they think of each
other? - Answer: - Wilson wanted to treat Germany less harshly than Clemenceau wanted to
- Clemenceau felt that Wilson didn't understand what European countries went through, and
the true destruction of the war
- Clemenceau disliked Wilson, while Wilson felt that Clemenceau was being too harsh and if he
got his way, a future war would occur
- Clemenceau did not agree with disarmament and self determination as he wanted France to
stay strong; Wilson was too much of an idealist
What were conflicts between Clemenceau and Llyod George's ideas? What did they think of
each other? - Answer: - Clemenceau thought that Lloyd George was being selfish as he wanted
to continue trade with Germany
- Clemenceau felt that Lloyd George should take his side of treating Germany harshly as they
were the countries that suffered the most but Lloyd George didn't want to treat Germany too
harshly as he was afraid of a future war
What were conflicts between Lloyd George and Wilson's ideas? What did they think of each
other? - Answer: - Lloyd George disagreed with self determination and disarmament as he
wanted to keep his empire and navy strong; disliked the 14th point of equal access to sea for all
countries as it gave other countries the chance to have stronger navies
- these two leaders agreed with each other regarding how harshly they should treat Germany as
they were both worried about a possible future war
What were the main points of the Treaty of Versailles - Answer: - War Guilt Clause
,- Military restrictions (100,000 men, 6 battleships, no air force)
-no Anschluss (alliance w Austria)
- pay Reparations
- reduce German territory
- establish the League of Nations
How did the Treaty of Versailles impact Germany politically? - Answer: - hyperinflation
- political instability
- violence
- unhappy citizens
-unpopular government
What happened in the Kapp Putsch? What was it and who were involved? - Answer: - 1920.
Wolfgang Kapp, a right-wing journalist opposed the fact that Ebert signed the Treaty of
Versailles
- some people were angry with the Weimar Republic for signing a humiliating treaty (Treaty of
Versailles)
- Kapp was defeated but political instability remained
Who were the Spartacists? - Answer: - left wing movement, started a revolution in Berlin
-led by Rosa Luxemburg, Karl Leibknicht
-crushed by Weimar government, Freikorps right wing militia
What were 3 major crises in 1923? - Answer: - political instability (Munich Putsch)
- hyperinflation
- invasion of the Ruhr
, What happened in the Bierhall Putsch? What was it and who were involved? - Answer: - Hitler
helped organise the Munich Putsch
- happened to overthrow the Weimar Republic for signing the Treaty of Versailles
- the attempt failed
- Hitler was arrested for treason and put in jail
What happened after the Munich Putsch? - Answer: - Hitler was arrested
- sentenced to jail for 5 years but released after 9 months
-trial made him famous, wrote Mein Kampf in jail
What happened at the Ruhr Crisis? - Answer: - Germany managed to pay the first round of
reparations but couldn't pay the second due to inflation
- the French were determined to enforce the treaty
- French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr
- the workers at the Ruhr went on strike
- the government had to pay the workers so that they recieve an income
How did the Ruhr Crisis affect the economy? - Answer: - inflation escalated to hyperinflation
- German government printed extra currency to reduce the inflation but caused the currency to
lose its value
- although Germany recovered, this created more biterness towards the Treaty of Versailles
What territorial losses did Germany face from the Treaty of Versailles? - Answer: - Alsace
Lorraine
- Rhineland demilitarized
- Saarland
- Polish Corridor
Questions and Solutions
Graded A+
What did Woodrow Wilson think should happen to Germany? - Answer: -14 Points
-wanted to treat Germany fairly to prevent a future war
- didn't think that Germany needed to be treated that harshly because they were already weak
What did Lloyd George think should happen to Germany? - Answer: - wanted to continue
trading
- wanted to punish Germany (had pressure from home), but didn't want to treat them too
harshly to prevent a future war
What did Clemenceau think should happen to Germany? - Answer: - hated Germany
- wanted to punish Germany so harshly that they would never be able to be strong again
- blamed Germany for everything
What were Wilson's aims at the Paris Peace Conference? - Answer: - create the League of
Nations to promote cooperation between countries
- give self-determination to small countries
-14 points
What were Lloyd George's aims? - Answer: - trade with Germany again (Germany used to be
England's second largest trade partner)
,- take away all of Germany's colonies (colonies mean power; Germany will still be a threat to
Britain's power)
What were Clemenceau's aims? - Answer: - to ensure that Germany never rises in power again
--> so that another world war doesn't happen
-weaken Germany as much as possible
What were conflicts between Clemenceau and Wilson's ideas? What did they think of each
other? - Answer: - Wilson wanted to treat Germany less harshly than Clemenceau wanted to
- Clemenceau felt that Wilson didn't understand what European countries went through, and
the true destruction of the war
- Clemenceau disliked Wilson, while Wilson felt that Clemenceau was being too harsh and if he
got his way, a future war would occur
- Clemenceau did not agree with disarmament and self determination as he wanted France to
stay strong; Wilson was too much of an idealist
What were conflicts between Clemenceau and Llyod George's ideas? What did they think of
each other? - Answer: - Clemenceau thought that Lloyd George was being selfish as he wanted
to continue trade with Germany
- Clemenceau felt that Lloyd George should take his side of treating Germany harshly as they
were the countries that suffered the most but Lloyd George didn't want to treat Germany too
harshly as he was afraid of a future war
What were conflicts between Lloyd George and Wilson's ideas? What did they think of each
other? - Answer: - Lloyd George disagreed with self determination and disarmament as he
wanted to keep his empire and navy strong; disliked the 14th point of equal access to sea for all
countries as it gave other countries the chance to have stronger navies
- these two leaders agreed with each other regarding how harshly they should treat Germany as
they were both worried about a possible future war
What were the main points of the Treaty of Versailles - Answer: - War Guilt Clause
,- Military restrictions (100,000 men, 6 battleships, no air force)
-no Anschluss (alliance w Austria)
- pay Reparations
- reduce German territory
- establish the League of Nations
How did the Treaty of Versailles impact Germany politically? - Answer: - hyperinflation
- political instability
- violence
- unhappy citizens
-unpopular government
What happened in the Kapp Putsch? What was it and who were involved? - Answer: - 1920.
Wolfgang Kapp, a right-wing journalist opposed the fact that Ebert signed the Treaty of
Versailles
- some people were angry with the Weimar Republic for signing a humiliating treaty (Treaty of
Versailles)
- Kapp was defeated but political instability remained
Who were the Spartacists? - Answer: - left wing movement, started a revolution in Berlin
-led by Rosa Luxemburg, Karl Leibknicht
-crushed by Weimar government, Freikorps right wing militia
What were 3 major crises in 1923? - Answer: - political instability (Munich Putsch)
- hyperinflation
- invasion of the Ruhr
, What happened in the Bierhall Putsch? What was it and who were involved? - Answer: - Hitler
helped organise the Munich Putsch
- happened to overthrow the Weimar Republic for signing the Treaty of Versailles
- the attempt failed
- Hitler was arrested for treason and put in jail
What happened after the Munich Putsch? - Answer: - Hitler was arrested
- sentenced to jail for 5 years but released after 9 months
-trial made him famous, wrote Mein Kampf in jail
What happened at the Ruhr Crisis? - Answer: - Germany managed to pay the first round of
reparations but couldn't pay the second due to inflation
- the French were determined to enforce the treaty
- French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr
- the workers at the Ruhr went on strike
- the government had to pay the workers so that they recieve an income
How did the Ruhr Crisis affect the economy? - Answer: - inflation escalated to hyperinflation
- German government printed extra currency to reduce the inflation but caused the currency to
lose its value
- although Germany recovered, this created more biterness towards the Treaty of Versailles
What territorial losses did Germany face from the Treaty of Versailles? - Answer: - Alsace
Lorraine
- Rhineland demilitarized
- Saarland
- Polish Corridor
