Microbiology Final Exam Questions and Answers

Microbiology Final Exam Questions and Answers Why study microbiology microbes have profound impact on our lives and health Most microorganisms are harmful False The leading cause of death resulting from infectious disease is acute respiratory infection Which of the following has been a major factor leading to emerging disease all of the above _________ has returned to the ranks of leading causes of death as a "re-emerging" disease becuase of increasing drug resistance Tuberculosis Which of the following is a disease caused by a new human pathogen SARS Which of the following has been used as a biological weapon anthrax and smallpox Who developed the first true vaccine E. Jenner Aseptic surgical practices were introduced by J lister Who among the following first detected the existence of noncellular infectious agents, which are now known as viruses L. Pasteur The use of microorganisms to clean up toxic spills known as Bioremediation Which of the following first proposed that health care workers should wash their hands before coming into contact with their patients I. Semmelweis The process for determining the etiologic agent of an infectious disease was developed by___________, and used to identify the bacteria caused by anthrax R. Koch Mycology is the study of Fungi The study of the body's defenses against invading microbes is called immunology Which of the following cellular structures is not found in all organisms Cell wall Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes Bacteria Which of the following infectious agents is not an organism Virus The genetic material of prokaryotes is a single circular chromosome Bacterial cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan Human tapeworms are best measured in meters The genetic material of eukaryotes is found in the _________ of the cell nucleus The organelle involved in both digestion and apoptosis is the lysosome Which of the following is best described as an infectious protein prions The primary function of the ________________ is production of the short-term energy storage molecule ATP mitcohondrion The first antibiotic discovered kills bacteria but does not harm people. This is an example of selective toxicity Yeasts are members of the Mycetae The scientific name of an organism is the genus and species Which version of binomial nomenclature form is correct Escherichia coli The microscopes used in AC microbiology laboratory are__________________ compound bright-field microscopes In microbiology growth usually means an increase in the number of microbial cells Proteins that catalyze the reactions of metabolism are called enzymes Organisms which obtain their carbon and energy from organic sources of carbon are called chemoheterotrophs Dehydration synthesis reactions are a common type of _____________ reaction anabolic In Dr. Dolby's class organic means grown without the use of chemicals False An organism described as fastidous has extensive nutrient requirements All living things require nitrogen True Which of the following statements are true of anabolic metabolism it results in the formation of biomolecules Which of the following is a feature that eukaryotes have but prokaryotes lack nucleus the agent that causes mad cow disease is a newly recognized type of agent of infectious disease known as prions Chemoautotroph uses inorganic chemicals to fuel its metabolism Photautotroph uses inorganic sources of carbon and light energy Facultative anaerobe can grow in the presence or absence of oxygen Halophile grows best in high salt concentrations Microaerophile can only grow in low oxygen conditions Some archea of thermophiles, which means they thrive under _________________ high temperature A few prokaryotes are capable of fixing nitrogen which means they convert nitrogen gas to organic nitrogen The first use of microbes as weapons in North america occured in 2001 when anthrax was sent throughtthe mail to several polititiacans False Which of the listed taxonimic ranks is the larges, containing the greatest number of different kinds of organisms Domain Which of the following is produced by the activity of microorganisms All Sexual reproduction involves meiosis. True Which of the following organisms is beneficial? A) Lactobacillus B) Streptomyces C) Cyanobacteria D) Cephalosporium niveum All of the above The cellular process that results in two nuclei containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus is known as: mitosis Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is an identification method which detects the __ of an organism. genetic sequences Which of the following is a segmented flatworm? A) Nematoda B) Cestoda C) Trematoda cestoda A worm that fertilizes it's own ova is called: monoecious Infection with parasitic worms is usually diagnosed based on: microscopic observation of eggs and larva Humans generally get infected with tapeworms by: eating an intermediate host A scientist discovers a new worm which is flat and has a larval stage which inhabits fresh water snails. This worm is probably a a trematode An intermediate host is one in which the __ stage of a worm lives. larva The part of an adult tapeworm that attaches to the intestine is known as a scolex Which of the following has a complete digestive system a nematoda The most common helminth parasite in the U.S. is the the pinworm Which fungal group reproduce by asexual means ONLY deuteromycetes Systemic mycoses are usually acquired by inhalation A fungus described as "dimorphic" is multicellular in the environement and single celled in the body Asexual reproduction in multicelluar Ascomycota results in the production of conidiospores Which of the following is/are used in the production of foods and/or beverages Aspergillus flavus Disease caused by fungus is called both mycosis and mycotoxosis The term ___ refers to a multicellular fungus. mycelium A fungus described as a saprobe is one that feeds on dead organic material the zygote formed by the fusion of the hyphae of two Rhizopus fungi is haploid. false Single celled fungus reproduce asexually by a process called budding Protozoal parasites that commonly have complex life cycles are usually members of the Apicomplexa Protozoal parasites that commonly have complex life cycles are usually members of the apicomplexans/sporozoa A protozoan passed in the feces as cysts is Giardia Intestinalis The _____ is the actively feeding and reproducing stage of a protozoan. trophozoite Protozoa which are non-motile are members of the Apicomplexa Which of the following is member of the Flagellates/Mastigophora Diplomonadida Protozoa that are intracellular parasites are members of the apicomplexans All protozoa reproduce sexually as well as asexually. False Bacteria with a thin peptidoglycan wall and an outer lipid membrane are Gram-positive False Which of the following diagnostic tests detects the presence of a bacterial virulence factor antibiotic sensitivity factor The Gram stain distinguishes between differences in the ___ of bacteria cell wall The bacterial toxin produced by __ can be used to treat various disorders involving muscle spasms clostridium botulinum Pleomorphic bacteria vary in shape and size A structure of a bacterial cell that prevents white blood cells from attacking it is a/an antiphagocytic factor Microscopic characteristics used to identify bacteria could also be called ___ characteristics Cellular Members of the Enterobacteriaceae which do not ferment lactose are called non-coliforms