FOUNDATIONS OA COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS 2026 STUDY
GUIDE
⩥ Attribute. Answer: An attribute is a property or characteristic of an
entity.
⩥ Binary relationship. Answer: A binary relationship is a relationship
between two entity types.
⩥ Candidate Key. Answer: Is any column or a combination of columns
that can qualify as unique key in database.
⩥ Cardinality. Answer: Cardinality represents the maximum number of
entities that can be involved in a particular relationship.
⩥ Cartesian product. Answer: Usually the result of a missing join
condition or a method of expanding the data of 1 table by the number of
rows in the second table.
, ⩥ Cascade Delete. Answer: Will delete all records that reference the
primary key
⩥ column subquery. Answer: Returns a single column of one or more
values.
⩥ data encryption. Answer: When data is encrypted, it is changed, bit by
bit or character by character, into a form that looks totally garbled. It can
and must be reconverted, or decrypted, back to its original form to be of
use.
⩥ Data normalization. Answer: Is a methodology for organizing
attributes into tables so that redundancy among the non-key attributes is
eliminated.
⩥ Data volatility. Answer: Describes how often stored data is updated.
⩥ Data Volume Assessment. Answer: Understanding of how much data
will be in a database or a table within a database
⩥ Database. Answer: A database is a collection of information that is
organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated.
⩥ DCL. Answer: Data control language is used to control access to data
stored in a database.