BIOL 215 TEST 1 Questions and Answers With Verified Solutions 2025
What are the 5 functions of blood? - ✔✔1. transportation
2. regulation of pH and osmosis
3. maintenance of body temperature
4. protection against foreign substances
5. clot formation
What does blood transport? - ✔✔Gases, nutrients, waste products, molecules
How does blood regulate pH and osmosis? - ✔✔Bicarbonate buffer system and osmotic composition of
blood
How does blood regulate body temperature? - ✔✔thermoregulation -->warm blood shunted to outside
What is the composition of blood? - ✔✔- plasma: 55%
- formed elements: 45%
What is a colloid? - ✔✔liquid containing suspended substances that do not settle out of solution
(91% water, 9% solutes)
What makes up plasma? - ✔✔proteins, ions, nutrients, waste products, gases, regulatory substances
What are three proteins found in plasma? - ✔✔Albumins, Globulins, Fibrinogen
What is plasma without clotting factors called? - ✔✔Serum
What makes up formed elements? - ✔✔erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
, What is production of RBC called? - ✔✔Hematopoiesis, Hemopoiesis
What are 4 kinds of myeloid stem cells and what do they form? - ✔✔- Proerythroblasts: erythrocytes
- myeloblasts: basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils
- monoblasts: monocytes
- megakaryoblasts: platelets
What do lymphoid stem cells form? - ✔✔lymphoblasts --> lymphocytes
What shape are RBC? - ✔✔biconcave disc
Do RBC have a nucleus? - ✔✔No --> they can not duplicate (why the body is constantly producing them)
How does the blood transport oxygen? - ✔✔- 98.5% hemoglobin
- 1.5% dissolved in plasma
How does blood transport CO2? - ✔✔- 70% bicarbonate ions
- 23% hemoglobin
- 7% dissolved in plasma
What is the heme in hemoglobin? - ✔✔red pigment containing one iron atom in the center (iron binds
oxygen)
What are the three types of hemoglobin? (development stages) - ✔✔- Embryonic
- Fetal
- Adult: weakest affinity for O2
What are the three forms of hemoglobin? - ✔✔- Oxyhemoglobin: iron bound to O2, 4 O2 per
hemoglobin
What are the 5 functions of blood? - ✔✔1. transportation
2. regulation of pH and osmosis
3. maintenance of body temperature
4. protection against foreign substances
5. clot formation
What does blood transport? - ✔✔Gases, nutrients, waste products, molecules
How does blood regulate pH and osmosis? - ✔✔Bicarbonate buffer system and osmotic composition of
blood
How does blood regulate body temperature? - ✔✔thermoregulation -->warm blood shunted to outside
What is the composition of blood? - ✔✔- plasma: 55%
- formed elements: 45%
What is a colloid? - ✔✔liquid containing suspended substances that do not settle out of solution
(91% water, 9% solutes)
What makes up plasma? - ✔✔proteins, ions, nutrients, waste products, gases, regulatory substances
What are three proteins found in plasma? - ✔✔Albumins, Globulins, Fibrinogen
What is plasma without clotting factors called? - ✔✔Serum
What makes up formed elements? - ✔✔erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes
, What is production of RBC called? - ✔✔Hematopoiesis, Hemopoiesis
What are 4 kinds of myeloid stem cells and what do they form? - ✔✔- Proerythroblasts: erythrocytes
- myeloblasts: basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils
- monoblasts: monocytes
- megakaryoblasts: platelets
What do lymphoid stem cells form? - ✔✔lymphoblasts --> lymphocytes
What shape are RBC? - ✔✔biconcave disc
Do RBC have a nucleus? - ✔✔No --> they can not duplicate (why the body is constantly producing them)
How does the blood transport oxygen? - ✔✔- 98.5% hemoglobin
- 1.5% dissolved in plasma
How does blood transport CO2? - ✔✔- 70% bicarbonate ions
- 23% hemoglobin
- 7% dissolved in plasma
What is the heme in hemoglobin? - ✔✔red pigment containing one iron atom in the center (iron binds
oxygen)
What are the three types of hemoglobin? (development stages) - ✔✔- Embryonic
- Fetal
- Adult: weakest affinity for O2
What are the three forms of hemoglobin? - ✔✔- Oxyhemoglobin: iron bound to O2, 4 O2 per
hemoglobin
