NR 507 Advanced Pathophysiology Q&A: Study Guide for Nursing Students

NR 507: Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm
VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

AsthmaB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
ChronicBdiseaseBdueBtoBbronchoconstrictionBandBanBexcessiveBinflammatoryBresponseBinBtheBbron
chioles

WhatBareB5Bs/sBofBasthmaB-BCORRECTBANSWER-coughingB

wheezingB

shortnessBofBbreathB

rapidBbreathingB

chestBtightness

PathophysiologyBofBasthmaB(5)B-BCORRECTBANSWER--airwayBinflammation,BbronchialBhyper-
reactivityBandBsmoothBmuscleBspasm

-excessBmucusBproductionBandBaccumulationB

-hypertrophyBofBbronchialBsmoothBmuscleB

-airflowBobstructionB

-decreasedBalveolarBventilation

BronchiolesB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
smallerBpassagewaysBthatBoriginateBfromBtheBbronchiBthatBbecomeBtheBalveoli

3BlayersBofBtheBbronchiolesB-BCORRECTBANSWER-innermostBlayerB

middleBlayerB-BlaminaBpropriaB

outermostBlayer

laminaBpropriaB-BCORRECTBANSWER-theBmiddleBlayerBofBtheBbronchioles

structureBofBtheBlaminaBpropriaB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
embeddedBwithBconnectiveBtissueBcellsBandBimmuneBcells

purposeBofBtheBlaminaBpropriaB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
whiteBbloodBcellsBareBpresentBtoBhelpBprotectBtheBairways

,HowBdoesBtheBlaminaBpropriaBeffectBtheBlungsBinBregardsBtoBasthmaB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
theBWBCsBprotectiveBfeatureBgoesBintoBoverdriveBcausingBanBinflammatoryBresponseBthatBdamage
sBhostBtissue

WhatBdoesBtheBinnermostBlayerBofBtheBbronchiolesBcontainB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
columnarBepithelialBellsBandBmucusBproducingBgobletBcells

WhatBdoesBtheBoutermostBlayerBofBtheBbronchiolesBcontainB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
smoothBmuscleBcells

whatBdoesBtheBoutermostBlayerBofBtheBbronchiolesBdoB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
controlBtheBairwaysBabilityBtoBconstrictBandBdilate

alveolarBhyperinflationB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
WhenBairBisBunableBtoBmoveBoutBofBtheBalveolarBlikeBitBshouldBdueBtoBbronchialBwallsBcollapsingBar
oundBpossibleBmucusBplugBthusBtrappingBairBinside

howBdoesBhyperinflationBoccur?B-BCORRECTBANSWER-
theBongoingBinflammatoryBprocessBofBasthmaBproducesBmucusBandBpusBplugBthatBtheBbronchialBw
allsBcollapseBaround

EffectBofBhyperinflationBofBtheBalveolarB-BCORRECTBANSWER--
expandedBthoraxBandBhypercapniaB(retentionBofBCO2)B

-BrespiratoryBacidosis

WhatBareBtwoBanticholinergicBdrugsBusedBforBasthmaB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
tiotropiumBandBipratropium

WhatBdoBanticholinergicsBdoBinBtheBlungs?B-BCORRECTBANSWER-
TheseBdrugsBblockBtheBeffectsBofBtheBparasympatheticBnervousBsystemB

-BincreasingBbronchodilation

MOABofBanticholinergicBdrugsBforBasthmaB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
theBparasympatheticBsystemBisBstimulatedBbyBtheBvagalBnerveBtoBreleaseBacetylcholineBwhichBbind
sBtoBtheBcholinergicBreceptorsBofBtheBrespiratoryBtractBtoBcauseBbronchialBconstrictionB=Bdecreased
BairflowB




-
BblockingBtheBcholinergicBreceptorsBpreventsBacetylcholineBbindingBpreventingBtheBbronchialBcons


triction

, bronchitisB-BCORRECTBANSWER-inflammationBofBtheBbronchialBtubes

3BcharacteristicsBofBbronchitisB-BCORRECTBANSWER-bronchialBinflammation

hypersecretionBofBmucusB

chronicBproductiveBcoughBforBatBleastB3BconsecutiveBmonthsBforBatBleastB2BsuccessiveByears

PerfusionB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
TheBsupplyBofBoxygenBtoBandBremovalBofBwastesBfromBtheBcellsBandBtissuesBofBtheBbodyBasBaBresultB
ofBtheBflowBofBbloodBthroughBtheBcapillaries.

resultsBofBchronicBbronchitis/BlowBperfusionB-BCORRECTBANSWER-cyanosisB

rightBtoBleftBshuntingB

chronicBhypoxemia

WhyBisBthereBcyanosisBwithBchronicBbronchitisB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
thereBisBhypoxiaBdueBtoBunfavorableBconditionsBforBgasBexchange

RightBtoBleftBshuntingB-BCORRECTBANSWER-
whenBbloodBpassesBfromBtheBrightBventricleBthroughBtheBlungsBandBtoBtheBleftBventricleBwithoutBp
erfusion

CausesBofBbronchitisB-BCORRECTBANSWER--longBtermBexposureBtoBenvironmentalBirritantsB

-repeatedBepisodesBofBacuteBinfectionB(RSVBinfectionBinBearlyBinfancy)

-FactorsBaffectingBgestationalBchildhoodBlungBdevelopmentB(pretermBbirth)

PathogenesisBofBbronchitisB-BCORRECTBANSWER--ExposureBtoBairborneBirritantsB

-BIrritantBactivatesBbronchialBsmoothBmuscleBconstrictionBandBmucusBsecretionB

-BTriggersBreleaseBofBinflammatoryBmediatorsBfromBimmuneBcellsBlocatedBinBtheBlaminaBpropria

mostBcommonBirritantBwithBbronchitisBis?B-BCORRECTBANSWER-tobaccoBproductBsmoke

whatBdoesBlongBtermBexposureBtoBirritantsBpromoteBinBbronchitis?B(5)B-BCORRECTBANSWER--
BsmoothBmuscleBhypertrophyB



-BhypertrophyBandBhyperplasiaBofBgobletBcellsB

-BepithelialBcellBmetaplasiaB

-BmigrationBofBmoreBWBCBtoBsiteB

-BthickeningBandBrigidityBofBbronchialBbasementBmembrane