Psychology 1000 exam test queries
and answers graded A+
Attention - ANS✅✅Deciphers which information will be passed on to the STM
Encoding - ANS✅✅the process of storing information in the LTM
Retrieval - ANS✅✅bringing information from the LTM back into the STM
Sensory memory - ANS✅✅a memory store that accurately holds perceptual information for a very
brief amount of time.
Iconic memory - ANS✅✅the visual form of sensory memory
Echoic memory - ANS✅✅auditory memory that lasts roughly 5 seconds
Chunking - ANS✅✅organizing smaller units of information into larger, more meaningful music.
Long-term memory - ANS✅✅Holds information for extended periods of time, if not permanently.
Rehearsal - ANS✅✅Repeating information in your head until you do not need it anymore
Working memory - ANS✅✅A model of short term remembering that includes a combination of
memory components that can temporarily store small amounts of information for a short period of
time.
Phonological loop - ANS✅✅A storage component of working memory that relies on rehearsal and
that stores information as sounds, or auditory code.
Visuospatial sketchpad - ANS✅✅A storage component of working memory that maintains visual
images and spatial layouts
,Episodic buffer - ANS✅✅A storage component of working memory that combines the images, and
sounds from the other two components into coherent, story like episodes.
The central executive - ANS✅✅Is the control centre of working memory; it coordinates attention
and the exchange of information among the three storage components.
Declarative memories (explicit memories) - ANS✅✅Are memories that we are consciously aware
of and that can be verbalized, including facts about the world and ones own personal experiences.
Non-declarative memories - ANS✅✅Includes actions and behaviours that you can remember and
perform without awareness.
Episodic memories - ANS✅✅are declarative memories for personal experiences that we
remember as episodes, told in an "from my point of view"
Semantic memories - ANS✅✅Declarative memories that include facts about the world.
Procedural memories - ANS✅✅Patterns of muscle movements
Long-term potentiation - ANS✅✅Demonstrates that there is an enduring increase in connectivity
and transmission of neural signals between nerve cells that fire together.
Consolidation - ANS✅✅the process of converting short term memories into long term memories
Anterograde amnesia - ANS✅✅the inability to form new memories for events occurring after a
brain injury
amnesia - ANS✅✅A profound loss of at least one form of memory
retrograde amnesia - ANS✅✅A condition in which memory for the events preceding trauma or
injury is lost.
Storage - ANS✅✅Refers to the time and manner in which information is retained between
encoding and retrieval
, Encoding specificity principle - ANS✅✅Retrieval is most effective when it occurs in the same
context as encoding
Context-dependent forgetting - ANS✅✅Walking into a room and forgetting what you went to go
get
Context reinstatement effect - ANS✅✅Walking back into a specific location and the memory
comes back.
Mood dependent learning - ANS✅✅People can remember better if their mood during retrieval
was the same as it was when they encoded the information.
Flashbulb memories - ANS✅✅An extremely vivid and detailed memory about an event and the
conditions surrounding how one learned about the event.
Mnemonic - ANS✅✅A technique used to improve memory for specific information
Method of loci - ANS✅✅A mnemonic that connects words to be remembered to locations along a
familiar path.
First letter technique - ANS✅✅Uses the first letters of a set of items to spell out words that form a
sentence.
SOH CAH TOA
Dual encoding - ANS✅✅Occurs when information is stored in more than one form.
Testing effect - ANS✅✅The finding that taking practice tests can improve exam performance, even
without additional studying.
Schemas - ANS✅✅Organized clusters of memories that constitutes ones knowledge about events,
objects, and ideas.
and answers graded A+
Attention - ANS✅✅Deciphers which information will be passed on to the STM
Encoding - ANS✅✅the process of storing information in the LTM
Retrieval - ANS✅✅bringing information from the LTM back into the STM
Sensory memory - ANS✅✅a memory store that accurately holds perceptual information for a very
brief amount of time.
Iconic memory - ANS✅✅the visual form of sensory memory
Echoic memory - ANS✅✅auditory memory that lasts roughly 5 seconds
Chunking - ANS✅✅organizing smaller units of information into larger, more meaningful music.
Long-term memory - ANS✅✅Holds information for extended periods of time, if not permanently.
Rehearsal - ANS✅✅Repeating information in your head until you do not need it anymore
Working memory - ANS✅✅A model of short term remembering that includes a combination of
memory components that can temporarily store small amounts of information for a short period of
time.
Phonological loop - ANS✅✅A storage component of working memory that relies on rehearsal and
that stores information as sounds, or auditory code.
Visuospatial sketchpad - ANS✅✅A storage component of working memory that maintains visual
images and spatial layouts
,Episodic buffer - ANS✅✅A storage component of working memory that combines the images, and
sounds from the other two components into coherent, story like episodes.
The central executive - ANS✅✅Is the control centre of working memory; it coordinates attention
and the exchange of information among the three storage components.
Declarative memories (explicit memories) - ANS✅✅Are memories that we are consciously aware
of and that can be verbalized, including facts about the world and ones own personal experiences.
Non-declarative memories - ANS✅✅Includes actions and behaviours that you can remember and
perform without awareness.
Episodic memories - ANS✅✅are declarative memories for personal experiences that we
remember as episodes, told in an "from my point of view"
Semantic memories - ANS✅✅Declarative memories that include facts about the world.
Procedural memories - ANS✅✅Patterns of muscle movements
Long-term potentiation - ANS✅✅Demonstrates that there is an enduring increase in connectivity
and transmission of neural signals between nerve cells that fire together.
Consolidation - ANS✅✅the process of converting short term memories into long term memories
Anterograde amnesia - ANS✅✅the inability to form new memories for events occurring after a
brain injury
amnesia - ANS✅✅A profound loss of at least one form of memory
retrograde amnesia - ANS✅✅A condition in which memory for the events preceding trauma or
injury is lost.
Storage - ANS✅✅Refers to the time and manner in which information is retained between
encoding and retrieval
, Encoding specificity principle - ANS✅✅Retrieval is most effective when it occurs in the same
context as encoding
Context-dependent forgetting - ANS✅✅Walking into a room and forgetting what you went to go
get
Context reinstatement effect - ANS✅✅Walking back into a specific location and the memory
comes back.
Mood dependent learning - ANS✅✅People can remember better if their mood during retrieval
was the same as it was when they encoded the information.
Flashbulb memories - ANS✅✅An extremely vivid and detailed memory about an event and the
conditions surrounding how one learned about the event.
Mnemonic - ANS✅✅A technique used to improve memory for specific information
Method of loci - ANS✅✅A mnemonic that connects words to be remembered to locations along a
familiar path.
First letter technique - ANS✅✅Uses the first letters of a set of items to spell out words that form a
sentence.
SOH CAH TOA
Dual encoding - ANS✅✅Occurs when information is stored in more than one form.
Testing effect - ANS✅✅The finding that taking practice tests can improve exam performance, even
without additional studying.
Schemas - ANS✅✅Organized clusters of memories that constitutes ones knowledge about events,
objects, and ideas.
