Psychology 1000 Exam questions
and answers graded A+
Sensation - ANS✅✅When sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor, what has
occurred?
Transduction - ANS✅✅The conversion from sensory stimulus energy to action potential is known
as?
Vision, hearing (audition), smell (olfaction), taste (gustation), and touch (somatosensation) -
ANS✅✅5 main senses
Balance (the vestibular sense), body position and movement (proprioception and kinaesthesia), pain
(nociception), and temperature (thermoception) - ANS✅✅Additional sensory systems
Psychophysics - ANS✅✅The branch of psychology that studies the effects of physical stimuli on
sensory perceptions and mental states. Founded by Gustav Fechner
The absolute threshold of a sensation - ANS✅✅The intensity of a stimulus that allows an organism
to just barely detect it
Signal detection analysis - ANS✅✅A technique used to determine the ability of the perceiver to
separate true signals from background noise
Sensitivity - ANS✅✅Refers to the true ability of the individual to detect the presence of absence of
signals
Response bias - ANS✅✅Refers to a behavioural tendency to respond "yes" to the trials, which is
independent of sensitivity.
Difference threshold (or just noticeable difference) - ANS✅✅Refers to the change in a stimulus
that can just barely be detected by the organism
,Weber's law - ANS✅✅___________ law maintains that the just noticeable difference of a stimulus
is a constant proportion of the original intensity of the stimulus
Subliminal stimuli (can also influence our judgements and behaviour) - ANS✅✅Events that occur
below the absolute threshold and of which we are not conscious
Subliminal advertising (banned in many countries including Canada) - ANS✅✅Advertising a
product outside awareness
Blindsight - ANS✅✅A condition in which people are unable to consciously report on visual stimuli
but nevertheless are able to accurately answer questions about what they are seeing
Perception - ANS✅✅Refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and
consciously experienced
Bottom-up processing - ANS✅✅Refers to sensory information from a stimulus in the environment
driving a process
Top-down processing - ANS✅✅Refers to knowledge and expectancy driving a process
Sensory adaptation - ANS✅✅Refers to the way our senses adjust to different stimuli
Attention - ANS✅✅Another factor that affects sensation and perception
Inattentional blindness - ANS✅✅Is the failure to notice something that is completely visible
because the person was actively attending to something else
Motivation, beliefs, values, prejudices, expectations, and life experiences - ANS✅✅More factors
that affects perception?
Waves - ANS✅✅Visual and auditory stimuli both occur in the form of?
Amplitude - ANS✅✅The ______________ of a wave is the distance from the center line to the top
point of the crest or the bottom point of the trough
, Wavelength - ANS✅✅The ________________ of a wave refers to the length of a wave from one
peak to the next
Frequency - ANS✅✅Refers to the number of waves that pass a given point in a given time period
and is often expressed in terms of hertz (Hz)
Pitch (High-frequency =High-pitch, Low-frequency=Low-pitch) - ANS✅✅Determined by the
frequency of vibration of the sound waves that produce them
Decibles (dB) - ANS✅✅Loudness is measured in terms of ____________?
80 dB-130 dB - ANS✅✅Potential noise for hearing damage is between ______________
Timbre - ANS✅✅Refers to a sound's purity, and it is affected by the complex interplay of
frequency, amplitude, and timing of sound waves
Electromagnetic spectrum - ANS✅✅Encompasses all of the electromagnetic radiation that occurs
in our environment and includes gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared light,
microwaves, and radio waves
Visible spectrum (380nm-740nm) - ANS✅✅The portion of the larger electromagnetic spectrum
that we can see
Cornea - ANS✅✅The transparent covering over the eye. Serves as a barrier between the inner eye
and the outside world, and it is involved in focusing light waves that enter the eye.
Eye - ANS✅✅Major sensory organ involved in vision
Pupil - ANS✅✅The small opening in the eye through which light passes. Changes based on light
levels as well as emotional arousal
Iris - ANS✅✅pupil's size is controlled by the _______
and answers graded A+
Sensation - ANS✅✅When sensory information is detected by a sensory receptor, what has
occurred?
Transduction - ANS✅✅The conversion from sensory stimulus energy to action potential is known
as?
Vision, hearing (audition), smell (olfaction), taste (gustation), and touch (somatosensation) -
ANS✅✅5 main senses
Balance (the vestibular sense), body position and movement (proprioception and kinaesthesia), pain
(nociception), and temperature (thermoception) - ANS✅✅Additional sensory systems
Psychophysics - ANS✅✅The branch of psychology that studies the effects of physical stimuli on
sensory perceptions and mental states. Founded by Gustav Fechner
The absolute threshold of a sensation - ANS✅✅The intensity of a stimulus that allows an organism
to just barely detect it
Signal detection analysis - ANS✅✅A technique used to determine the ability of the perceiver to
separate true signals from background noise
Sensitivity - ANS✅✅Refers to the true ability of the individual to detect the presence of absence of
signals
Response bias - ANS✅✅Refers to a behavioural tendency to respond "yes" to the trials, which is
independent of sensitivity.
Difference threshold (or just noticeable difference) - ANS✅✅Refers to the change in a stimulus
that can just barely be detected by the organism
,Weber's law - ANS✅✅___________ law maintains that the just noticeable difference of a stimulus
is a constant proportion of the original intensity of the stimulus
Subliminal stimuli (can also influence our judgements and behaviour) - ANS✅✅Events that occur
below the absolute threshold and of which we are not conscious
Subliminal advertising (banned in many countries including Canada) - ANS✅✅Advertising a
product outside awareness
Blindsight - ANS✅✅A condition in which people are unable to consciously report on visual stimuli
but nevertheless are able to accurately answer questions about what they are seeing
Perception - ANS✅✅Refers to the way sensory information is organized, interpreted, and
consciously experienced
Bottom-up processing - ANS✅✅Refers to sensory information from a stimulus in the environment
driving a process
Top-down processing - ANS✅✅Refers to knowledge and expectancy driving a process
Sensory adaptation - ANS✅✅Refers to the way our senses adjust to different stimuli
Attention - ANS✅✅Another factor that affects sensation and perception
Inattentional blindness - ANS✅✅Is the failure to notice something that is completely visible
because the person was actively attending to something else
Motivation, beliefs, values, prejudices, expectations, and life experiences - ANS✅✅More factors
that affects perception?
Waves - ANS✅✅Visual and auditory stimuli both occur in the form of?
Amplitude - ANS✅✅The ______________ of a wave is the distance from the center line to the top
point of the crest or the bottom point of the trough
, Wavelength - ANS✅✅The ________________ of a wave refers to the length of a wave from one
peak to the next
Frequency - ANS✅✅Refers to the number of waves that pass a given point in a given time period
and is often expressed in terms of hertz (Hz)
Pitch (High-frequency =High-pitch, Low-frequency=Low-pitch) - ANS✅✅Determined by the
frequency of vibration of the sound waves that produce them
Decibles (dB) - ANS✅✅Loudness is measured in terms of ____________?
80 dB-130 dB - ANS✅✅Potential noise for hearing damage is between ______________
Timbre - ANS✅✅Refers to a sound's purity, and it is affected by the complex interplay of
frequency, amplitude, and timing of sound waves
Electromagnetic spectrum - ANS✅✅Encompasses all of the electromagnetic radiation that occurs
in our environment and includes gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet light, visible light, infrared light,
microwaves, and radio waves
Visible spectrum (380nm-740nm) - ANS✅✅The portion of the larger electromagnetic spectrum
that we can see
Cornea - ANS✅✅The transparent covering over the eye. Serves as a barrier between the inner eye
and the outside world, and it is involved in focusing light waves that enter the eye.
Eye - ANS✅✅Major sensory organ involved in vision
Pupil - ANS✅✅The small opening in the eye through which light passes. Changes based on light
levels as well as emotional arousal
Iris - ANS✅✅pupil's size is controlled by the _______
