ADVANCED MED-SURG
PRINCIPLES JERSEY COLLEGE
MID-TERM QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Ch 39: What is used to control edema following an arthoscopy? ANSWER --
compression
- elevation
- joint extension
Ch 39: What are two complicants following an arthoscopy? ANSWER -- infection
- bleeding
Ch 39: What is lab value elevated in liver disease or bone disorders? ANSWER -
alkaline phosphate
Ch 39: What is nephrotoxic and contraindicated in a pt who has an allergy to iodine,
shellfish, or seafood, who may be pregnant, or has elevated creatinine levels?
ANSWER -contrast medium
Ch 39: What is important to intruct on during a bone scan using an isotope?
ANSWER -hydration is used to eliminate the isotope
Ch 39: What diagnostic test is used to help distinguish muscle from nerve disorders
by directly stimulating muscle cells? ANSWER -electromyography
,Ch 39: What two interventions do you do for the diagnostic test electromyography?
ANSWER -- check for use of anticoagulants prior to it (bleeding in the muscle could
occur)
- apply warm compress to relieve discomfort following the test
Ch 39: What two complications do diagnostic procedures that disrupt skin surfaces
cause? ANSWER -increased risk of:
- infection
- bleeding
Ch 39: What decreases serum calcium levels? ANSWER -calcitonin
Ch 39: What increases serum calcium levels? ANSWER -parathyroid hormone
Ch 39: When phophorus levels rise the calcium levels do what? ANSWER -- decrease
- pt can present with S/S of hypocalcemia
Ch 39: What holds articulating bones together and an injury can impair movement?
ANSWER -ligaments
Ch 39: What connects muscle to bone and an injury can impair movement? ANSWER
-tendons
Ch 39: What can helo support bone formation? ANSWER -- weight bearing exercises
,- sex hormones
- calcitonin
- calcium intake
Ch 39: Adults over 50 require how much Vit D daily to help prevent osteoporosis?
ANSWER -800 - 1000 IU
Ch 39: What is important to instruct pts on consuming in regards to helping to
prevent osteoporosis? ANSWER -- 1,200 mg of calcium daily
- 600 IU Vit D daily (with intake of low-fat milk, yogart, and cheese)
Ch 39: What can increase bone resorption and could lead to osteoporosis? ANSWER -
- excessive cortisol production
- excessive thyroid hormone production
Ch 39: What stimulates osteoblastic (bone formation) activity and inhibits osteoclastic
(bone resorption) activity? ANSWER -estrogen
Ch 39: Compromised estrogen levels in menopause can increase the risk of?
ANSWER -osteoporosis
Ch 39: What two things can result in a loss in height? ANSWER -- vertebral
fractures
- loss vertebral cratilage
, Ch 40: Because external fixators increase the risk for osteomyelitis you should do
what for the pt? ANSWER -perform pin site care using the aseptic technique (use
chlorhexidine 2 mg/mL solution unless contraindicated)
Ch 40: How do you properly clean/perfom pin care for a pt? ANSWER -clean with a
circular motion from the inner to the outer region and cleaning each site separately
Ch 40: What is used to help reduce complication related to pain? ANSWER -PCA (pt
controlled analgesia)
Ch 40: What can occur following some fractures due to the loss of blood to the bone
so pts must be closely monitored for increased pain and a decrease in mobility?
ANSWER -avascular necrosis
Ch 40: What are three complications that can arise following fractures? ANSWER --
hypovolemic shock (hemorrhage)
- fat embolism (in long bones)
- compartment syndrome
Ch 40: How do you prevent hip dislocation following a total hip arthroplasty?
ANSWER -- abducting the legs
- prevent internal rotation of the legs
- turn to the unaffected side while maintaining abduction
- avoid flexing the hip more than 90 degrees
- keep legs in a neutral position
- keep the HOB < 60 degress
PRINCIPLES JERSEY COLLEGE
MID-TERM QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Ch 39: What is used to control edema following an arthoscopy? ANSWER --
compression
- elevation
- joint extension
Ch 39: What are two complicants following an arthoscopy? ANSWER -- infection
- bleeding
Ch 39: What is lab value elevated in liver disease or bone disorders? ANSWER -
alkaline phosphate
Ch 39: What is nephrotoxic and contraindicated in a pt who has an allergy to iodine,
shellfish, or seafood, who may be pregnant, or has elevated creatinine levels?
ANSWER -contrast medium
Ch 39: What is important to intruct on during a bone scan using an isotope?
ANSWER -hydration is used to eliminate the isotope
Ch 39: What diagnostic test is used to help distinguish muscle from nerve disorders
by directly stimulating muscle cells? ANSWER -electromyography
,Ch 39: What two interventions do you do for the diagnostic test electromyography?
ANSWER -- check for use of anticoagulants prior to it (bleeding in the muscle could
occur)
- apply warm compress to relieve discomfort following the test
Ch 39: What two complications do diagnostic procedures that disrupt skin surfaces
cause? ANSWER -increased risk of:
- infection
- bleeding
Ch 39: What decreases serum calcium levels? ANSWER -calcitonin
Ch 39: What increases serum calcium levels? ANSWER -parathyroid hormone
Ch 39: When phophorus levels rise the calcium levels do what? ANSWER -- decrease
- pt can present with S/S of hypocalcemia
Ch 39: What holds articulating bones together and an injury can impair movement?
ANSWER -ligaments
Ch 39: What connects muscle to bone and an injury can impair movement? ANSWER
-tendons
Ch 39: What can helo support bone formation? ANSWER -- weight bearing exercises
,- sex hormones
- calcitonin
- calcium intake
Ch 39: Adults over 50 require how much Vit D daily to help prevent osteoporosis?
ANSWER -800 - 1000 IU
Ch 39: What is important to instruct pts on consuming in regards to helping to
prevent osteoporosis? ANSWER -- 1,200 mg of calcium daily
- 600 IU Vit D daily (with intake of low-fat milk, yogart, and cheese)
Ch 39: What can increase bone resorption and could lead to osteoporosis? ANSWER -
- excessive cortisol production
- excessive thyroid hormone production
Ch 39: What stimulates osteoblastic (bone formation) activity and inhibits osteoclastic
(bone resorption) activity? ANSWER -estrogen
Ch 39: Compromised estrogen levels in menopause can increase the risk of?
ANSWER -osteoporosis
Ch 39: What two things can result in a loss in height? ANSWER -- vertebral
fractures
- loss vertebral cratilage
, Ch 40: Because external fixators increase the risk for osteomyelitis you should do
what for the pt? ANSWER -perform pin site care using the aseptic technique (use
chlorhexidine 2 mg/mL solution unless contraindicated)
Ch 40: How do you properly clean/perfom pin care for a pt? ANSWER -clean with a
circular motion from the inner to the outer region and cleaning each site separately
Ch 40: What is used to help reduce complication related to pain? ANSWER -PCA (pt
controlled analgesia)
Ch 40: What can occur following some fractures due to the loss of blood to the bone
so pts must be closely monitored for increased pain and a decrease in mobility?
ANSWER -avascular necrosis
Ch 40: What are three complications that can arise following fractures? ANSWER --
hypovolemic shock (hemorrhage)
- fat embolism (in long bones)
- compartment syndrome
Ch 40: How do you prevent hip dislocation following a total hip arthroplasty?
ANSWER -- abducting the legs
- prevent internal rotation of the legs
- turn to the unaffected side while maintaining abduction
- avoid flexing the hip more than 90 degrees
- keep legs in a neutral position
- keep the HOB < 60 degress
