American Heritage Midterm 1 BYU Test Questions and
Answers Rated A
Sovereignty - -'Who has the final say?' -
Who is in charge - The ultimate political power Political Legitimacy - -The right/reason for
within a particular jurisdiction. being in power. Ruling by a sanction higher than
stark necessity; sanction may stem from divine
right, wisdom, or consent, etc.
Revolution - -Part of the Human
Predicament and Rule of Law, When the people
are not satisfied with government they can and Aristocracy - -Rule based on distinguished
will revolt. Usually motivated by some central or wise ancestors or heritage.
ideas of change.
Classical Republicanism - -One of four
Areté - -Greek word for human virtue, the types of government. Government should have
backbone of republican morality. Striving for power to restrict to try and encourage a good
excellence. moral climate. Sees people as mostly good but
corruptible.
Theocracy - -Divine inspired rule or rule by
religion. Social Compact - -People making a
common agreement about the sort of political
world they want to live in
Autocracy - -One of four forms of
government. Government sees people as
"children" in need of a carefully controlled Tyranny - -absolute power centralized in
environment provided by government one person (or small group)
Liberalism - -One of the four alternative Good Society - -Reasonably stable and
forms of government, sees people in the most prosperous society without an oppressive
favorable light, but institutions or other influences tyranny. Usually includes peace, respect, vibrant
can corrupt them, so government is necessary to culture, and personal freedom to live the way one
protect them from such corruption. chooses.
Human Predicament - -A constant cycle of Divine Right of Kings - -Political theory that
Tyranny - Revolution - Anarchy - Competing royal lines are established by God and that kings
Groups rule by divine decree.
Anarchy - -No one person or group Human Nature - -The fundamental
maintains absolute power and is characterized disposition of humans that determines their
by mass disorder caused by failure to agree on a behavior. Factors, circumstance and conditions
common course of action play a big role in determining human nature
1/9
, American Heritage Midterm 1 BYU Test Questions and
Answers Rated A
America, food and shelter.
Libertarianism - -One of four alternative
forms of government. See most important value
being individual freedom and hold that Puritans - -British religious emigrants who
government should only protect that freedom and wanted to reform the Church of England rather
nothing more. than sever all ties with it; their beliefs in the
Christian calling, Moral Self-Governance, and in
being God's Elect would help shape the Founding
Corporate Communities - -Colonial and American national Character.
settlements established for economic purposes;
Jamestown. Benefits; prosperity, cooperation,
everyone gets what they want. Drawbacks; Moral Self-Governance - -Puritan ideal that
economic growth based on slavery and all must live a righteous life largely on their own,
indentured servitude. Usually chartered by the with each man being responsible for his own
Crown, but in being remote were able to practice actions and those of his family-with and eye on
self-governance. his neighbor as well.
Pilgrims (separatists) - -Small Civil Liberty - -John Winthrop, "Where men
congregation that distanced themselves from the were free to do only that which is good, just, and
Church of England by emigrating to New honest"
England.
Covenant Communities - -Settlements
The Christian Calling - John Winthrop - - based on religious or moral values, mostly
No one is better than another interested in being an example to Europe or living
We must bear each other's burdens. according to their own moral liberty.
Give to the poor & Needy
Live as the "body of Christ" (as one)
Maintain truth and righteousness God's Elect - -John Calvin's predestination
All these virtues will keep everyone united. GOD says these are already chosen to be saved.
IS OUR LIFE AND OUR PROSPERITY. These elect people are to build a holy community
Prosperity indicates God's approval. as an example.
Natural Liberty - -Where men are free to "City Upon a Hill" - -Name for
do what they please, without regard for the moral Massachusetts Bay Colony coined by Winthrop
value of their actions to describe how their colony should serve as a
model of excellence for future generations
Indentured Servitude - -This practice
developed out of England. People would Christopher Columbus - -Italian navigator
temporarily bind themselves to masters for fixed who discovered the New World in the service of
terms (4-5 years) in exchange for passage to Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-
2/9
Answers Rated A
Sovereignty - -'Who has the final say?' -
Who is in charge - The ultimate political power Political Legitimacy - -The right/reason for
within a particular jurisdiction. being in power. Ruling by a sanction higher than
stark necessity; sanction may stem from divine
right, wisdom, or consent, etc.
Revolution - -Part of the Human
Predicament and Rule of Law, When the people
are not satisfied with government they can and Aristocracy - -Rule based on distinguished
will revolt. Usually motivated by some central or wise ancestors or heritage.
ideas of change.
Classical Republicanism - -One of four
Areté - -Greek word for human virtue, the types of government. Government should have
backbone of republican morality. Striving for power to restrict to try and encourage a good
excellence. moral climate. Sees people as mostly good but
corruptible.
Theocracy - -Divine inspired rule or rule by
religion. Social Compact - -People making a
common agreement about the sort of political
world they want to live in
Autocracy - -One of four forms of
government. Government sees people as
"children" in need of a carefully controlled Tyranny - -absolute power centralized in
environment provided by government one person (or small group)
Liberalism - -One of the four alternative Good Society - -Reasonably stable and
forms of government, sees people in the most prosperous society without an oppressive
favorable light, but institutions or other influences tyranny. Usually includes peace, respect, vibrant
can corrupt them, so government is necessary to culture, and personal freedom to live the way one
protect them from such corruption. chooses.
Human Predicament - -A constant cycle of Divine Right of Kings - -Political theory that
Tyranny - Revolution - Anarchy - Competing royal lines are established by God and that kings
Groups rule by divine decree.
Anarchy - -No one person or group Human Nature - -The fundamental
maintains absolute power and is characterized disposition of humans that determines their
by mass disorder caused by failure to agree on a behavior. Factors, circumstance and conditions
common course of action play a big role in determining human nature
1/9
, American Heritage Midterm 1 BYU Test Questions and
Answers Rated A
America, food and shelter.
Libertarianism - -One of four alternative
forms of government. See most important value
being individual freedom and hold that Puritans - -British religious emigrants who
government should only protect that freedom and wanted to reform the Church of England rather
nothing more. than sever all ties with it; their beliefs in the
Christian calling, Moral Self-Governance, and in
being God's Elect would help shape the Founding
Corporate Communities - -Colonial and American national Character.
settlements established for economic purposes;
Jamestown. Benefits; prosperity, cooperation,
everyone gets what they want. Drawbacks; Moral Self-Governance - -Puritan ideal that
economic growth based on slavery and all must live a righteous life largely on their own,
indentured servitude. Usually chartered by the with each man being responsible for his own
Crown, but in being remote were able to practice actions and those of his family-with and eye on
self-governance. his neighbor as well.
Pilgrims (separatists) - -Small Civil Liberty - -John Winthrop, "Where men
congregation that distanced themselves from the were free to do only that which is good, just, and
Church of England by emigrating to New honest"
England.
Covenant Communities - -Settlements
The Christian Calling - John Winthrop - - based on religious or moral values, mostly
No one is better than another interested in being an example to Europe or living
We must bear each other's burdens. according to their own moral liberty.
Give to the poor & Needy
Live as the "body of Christ" (as one)
Maintain truth and righteousness God's Elect - -John Calvin's predestination
All these virtues will keep everyone united. GOD says these are already chosen to be saved.
IS OUR LIFE AND OUR PROSPERITY. These elect people are to build a holy community
Prosperity indicates God's approval. as an example.
Natural Liberty - -Where men are free to "City Upon a Hill" - -Name for
do what they please, without regard for the moral Massachusetts Bay Colony coined by Winthrop
value of their actions to describe how their colony should serve as a
model of excellence for future generations
Indentured Servitude - -This practice
developed out of England. People would Christopher Columbus - -Italian navigator
temporarily bind themselves to masters for fixed who discovered the New World in the service of
terms (4-5 years) in exchange for passage to Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-
2/9
