QUIZ MODULE 5: NUR2474 / NUR 2474 (LATEST 2025 /
2026 UPDATES STUDY BUNDLE) PHARMACOLOGY FOR
PROFESSIONAL NURSING EXAM | QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT | GRADE A -
RASMUSSEN
How do all diuretics work? .....ANSWER.....Blocks sodium and
chloride reabsorption in the kidney, causing water, sodium and
chloride to be excreted in the urine from the body, along with
potassium.
When is the best time to give a diuretic medication?
.....ANSWER.....in the morning, so the patient does not have to get
up at night to go pee.
What things should we monitor when giving a patient any
diuretic? .....ANSWER.....electrolyte imbalances and for fluid
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volume deficit (sodium- seizures and cerebral edema, potassium-
can cause EKG changes)
What are diuretics normally used to treat? .....ANSWER.....fluid
volume overload, hypertension, heart failure, renal and liver
failure, lowers peripheral edema and pulmonary edema
What is the mechanism of action of osmotic diuretics?
.....ANSWER.....they pull water into the renal system from the
surrounding tissues, and produces rapid diuresis.
What are osmotic diuretics used to treat? .....ANSWER.....renal
failure, reduce ICP, treat cerebral edema, reduce IOP.
What are the side effects of osmotic diuretics?
.....ANSWER.....pulmonary edema,HF, rebound increased ICP,
metabolic acidosis, electrolyte imbalances
What are important drug interactions with osmotic diuretics?
.....ANSWER.....lithium and digoxin - can be toxic
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What should we use when administering an osmotic diuretic
through the IV? .....ANSWER.....filter- this medication can
crystalize when exposed to lower temperatures.
What is the mechanism of action for K sparing diuretics?
.....ANSWER.....binds to aldosterone receptors to promote Na and
water excretion, but will also cause potassium to be retained.
What are K sparing diuretics used to treat?
.....ANSWER.....hypertension, HF, pediatric HF,
hyperaldosteronism ( binds to aldosterone to excrete it), edema
What are the side effects for K sparing diuretics?
.....ANSWER.....hyperkalemia, drowsiness, benign and malignant
tumors, endocrine effects
What is important to monitor with the use of K sparing diuretics?
.....ANSWER.....K levels- because hyperkalemia may occur and
cause life threading dysrhythmias
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What are important drug interactions with use of K sparing
diuretics? .....ANSWER.....thiazide and loop diuretics, agents that
raise the potassium levels, lithium, RAAS drugs
What is the mechanism of action for thiazide diuretics?
.....ANSWER.....they inhibit reabsorption of sodium, chloride,
potassium and water, causing them to be excreted. they also
elevate levels of calcium, uric acid, and glucose.
What population of patients should we not use thiazide diuretics
with? .....ANSWER.....patients with renal disease
What is thiazide diuretics used to treat? .....ANSWER.....1st choice
for hypertension, edema, HF, diabetes insipidous
What are the side effects of thiazide diuretics?
.....ANSWER.....hypo na, cl, k, and dehydration, hyper glycemic
and uricemia,