Campbell Biology Questions and Answers 100%
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C - ✔✔Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism,
thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria
and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found
in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
9) What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas? A)
Bacteria released excess carbon dioxide in these areas. B) Bacteria congregated in these areas due to
an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light. C) Bacteria congregated in these areas
because these areas had the most oxygen being released. D) Bacteria are attracted to red and blue
light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths. E) Bacteria congregated
in these areas due to an increase in the temperature caused by an increase in photosynthesis.
C - ✔✔What are the products of linear photophosphorylation? A) heat and fluorescence B) ATP and
P700 C) ATP and NADPH D) ADP and NADP E) P700 and P680
C - ✔✔Which of the following does not occurduring the Calvin cycle? A) carbon fixation B) oxidation
of NADPH C) release of oxygen D) regeneration of the CO2 acceptor E) consumption of ATP
D - ✔✔An outcome of this experiment was to help determine A) the relationship between
heterotrophic and autotrophic organisms. B) the relationship between wavelengths of light and the
rate of aerobic respiration. C) the relationship between wavelengths of light and the amount of heat
released. D) the relationship between wavelengths of light and the oxygen released during
photosynthesis. E) the relationship between the concentration of carbon dioxide and the rate of
photosynthesis.
D - ✔✔Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer
separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following
processes? A) the splitting of water B) the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll C) the flow of
electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I D) the synthesis of ATP E) the reduction of NADP+
D - ✔✔In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? A) thylakoid membrane B)
plasma membrane C) inner mitochondrial membrane D) A and C E) A, B, and C
D - ✔✔In any ecosystem, terrestrial or aquatic, what group(s) is (are) always necessary? A)
autotrophs and heterotrophs B) producers and primary consumers C) photosynthesizers D)
autotrophs E) green plants
D - ✔✔In the process of carbon fixation, RuBP attaches a CO2 to produce a 6 carbon molecule, which
is then split in two. After phosphorylation and reduction, what more needs to happen in the Calvin
cycle? A) addition of a pair of electrons from NADPH B) inactivation of RuBP carboxylase enzyme C)
regeneration of ATP from ADP D) regeneration of rubisco E) a gain of NADPH
D - ✔✔In thylakoids, protons travel through ATP synthase from the stroma to the thylakoid space.
Therefore the catalytic ʺknobsʺ of ATP synthase would be located A) on the side facing the thylakoid
space. B) on the ATP molecules themselves. C) on the pigment molecules of PSI and PSII. D) on the
stroma side of the membrane. E) built into the center of the thylkoid stack (granum).
D - ✔✔P680+ is said to be the strongest biological oxidizing agent. Why? A) It is the receptor for the
most excited electron in either photosystem. B) It is the molecule that transfers electrons to
plastoquinone (Pq) of the electron transfer system. C) NADP reductase will then catalyze the shift of
the electron from Fd to NADP+ to reduce it to NADPH. D) This molecule results from the transfer of an
electron to the primary electron acceptor of photosystem II and strongly attracts another electron. E)
This molecule is found far more frequently among bacteria as well as in plants and plantlike Protists.
, D - ✔✔Produces NADH A) light reactions alone B) the Calvin cycle alone C) both the light reactions
and the Calvin cycle D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle E) occurs in the chloroplast but
is not part of photosynthesis
D - ✔✔Requires glucose A) light reactions alone B) the Calvin cycle alone C) both the light reactions
and the Calvin cycle D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle E) occurs in the chloroplast but
is not part of photosynthesis
D - ✔✔The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with A) light energy. B) CO2 and
ATP. C) H2O and NADPH. D) ATP and NADPH. E) sugar and O2.
D - ✔✔The splitting of carbon dioxide to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds occurs during A)
photosynthesis. B) respiration. C) both photosynthesis and respiration. D) neither photosynthesis nor
respiration. E) photorespiration.
D - ✔✔The sugar that results from three ʺturnsʺ of the Calvin cycle is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
(G3P). Which of the following is a consequence of this? A) Formation of a molecule of glucose would
require 9 ʺturns.ʺ B) G3P more readily forms sucrose and other disaccharides than it does
monosaccharides. C) Some plants would not taste sweet to us. D) The formation of starch in plants
involves assembling many G3P molecules, with or without further rearrangements. E) G3P is easier
for a plant to store
D - ✔✔Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and
heterotrophs? A) Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment. B) Cellular
respiration is unique to heterotrophs. C) Only heterotrophs have mitochondria. D) Autotrophs, but
not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO2 and other nutrients that are inorganic.
E) Only heterotrophs require oxygen.
D - ✔✔Which process is most directly driven by light energy? A) creation of a pH gradient by
pumping protons across the thylakoid membrane B) carbon fixation in the stroma C) reduction of
NADP+ molecules D) removal of electrons from chlorophyll molecules E) ATP synthesis
D - ✔✔Which statement describes the functioning of photosystem II? A) Light energy excites
electrons in the electron transport chain in a photosynthetic unit. B) The excitation is passed along to
a molecule of P700 chlorophyll in the photosynthetic unit. C) The P680 chlorophyll donates a pair of
protons to NADPH, which is thus converted to NADP+. D) The electron vacancies in P680 are filled by
electrons derived from water. E) The splitting of water yields molecular carbon dioxide as a by-
product.
E - ✔✔If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO2 synthesized with heavy oxygen (18O),
later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain
the 18O label. That one is A) PGA. B) PGAL. C) glucose. D) RuBP. E) O2
E - ✔✔In autotrophic bacteria, where are the enzymes located that can carry on organic synthesis? A)
chloroplast membranes B) nuclear membranes C) free in the cytosol D) along the outer edge of the
nucleoid E) along the inner surface of the plasma membrane
E - ✔✔In metabolic processes of cell respiration and photosynthesis, prosthetic groups such as heme
and iron-sulfur complexes are encountered. What do they do? A) donate electrons B) act as reducing
agents C) act as oxidizing agents D) transport protons within the mitochondria and chloroplasts E)
both oxidize and reduce during electron transport
E - ✔✔What are the products of the light reactions that are subsequently used by the Calvin cycle? A)
oxygen and carbon dioxide B) carbon dioxide and RuBP C) water and carbon D) electrons and photons
E) ATP and NADPH
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C - ✔✔Theodor W. Engelmann illuminated a filament of algae with light that passed through a prism,
thus exposing different segments of algae to different wavelengths of light. He added aerobic bacteria
and then noted in which areas the bacteria congregated. He noted that the largest groups were found
in the areas illuminated by the red and blue light.
9) What did Engelmann conclude about the congregation of bacteria in the red and blue areas? A)
Bacteria released excess carbon dioxide in these areas. B) Bacteria congregated in these areas due to
an increase in the temperature of the red and blue light. C) Bacteria congregated in these areas
because these areas had the most oxygen being released. D) Bacteria are attracted to red and blue
light and thus these wavelengths are more reactive than other wavelengths. E) Bacteria congregated
in these areas due to an increase in the temperature caused by an increase in photosynthesis.
C - ✔✔What are the products of linear photophosphorylation? A) heat and fluorescence B) ATP and
P700 C) ATP and NADPH D) ADP and NADP E) P700 and P680
C - ✔✔Which of the following does not occurduring the Calvin cycle? A) carbon fixation B) oxidation
of NADPH C) release of oxygen D) regeneration of the CO2 acceptor E) consumption of ATP
D - ✔✔An outcome of this experiment was to help determine A) the relationship between
heterotrophic and autotrophic organisms. B) the relationship between wavelengths of light and the
rate of aerobic respiration. C) the relationship between wavelengths of light and the amount of heat
released. D) the relationship between wavelengths of light and the oxygen released during
photosynthesis. E) the relationship between the concentration of carbon dioxide and the rate of
photosynthesis.
D - ✔✔Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer
separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following
processes? A) the splitting of water B) the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll C) the flow of
electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I D) the synthesis of ATP E) the reduction of NADP+
D - ✔✔In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located? A) thylakoid membrane B)
plasma membrane C) inner mitochondrial membrane D) A and C E) A, B, and C
D - ✔✔In any ecosystem, terrestrial or aquatic, what group(s) is (are) always necessary? A)
autotrophs and heterotrophs B) producers and primary consumers C) photosynthesizers D)
autotrophs E) green plants
D - ✔✔In the process of carbon fixation, RuBP attaches a CO2 to produce a 6 carbon molecule, which
is then split in two. After phosphorylation and reduction, what more needs to happen in the Calvin
cycle? A) addition of a pair of electrons from NADPH B) inactivation of RuBP carboxylase enzyme C)
regeneration of ATP from ADP D) regeneration of rubisco E) a gain of NADPH
D - ✔✔In thylakoids, protons travel through ATP synthase from the stroma to the thylakoid space.
Therefore the catalytic ʺknobsʺ of ATP synthase would be located A) on the side facing the thylakoid
space. B) on the ATP molecules themselves. C) on the pigment molecules of PSI and PSII. D) on the
stroma side of the membrane. E) built into the center of the thylkoid stack (granum).
D - ✔✔P680+ is said to be the strongest biological oxidizing agent. Why? A) It is the receptor for the
most excited electron in either photosystem. B) It is the molecule that transfers electrons to
plastoquinone (Pq) of the electron transfer system. C) NADP reductase will then catalyze the shift of
the electron from Fd to NADP+ to reduce it to NADPH. D) This molecule results from the transfer of an
electron to the primary electron acceptor of photosystem II and strongly attracts another electron. E)
This molecule is found far more frequently among bacteria as well as in plants and plantlike Protists.
, D - ✔✔Produces NADH A) light reactions alone B) the Calvin cycle alone C) both the light reactions
and the Calvin cycle D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle E) occurs in the chloroplast but
is not part of photosynthesis
D - ✔✔Requires glucose A) light reactions alone B) the Calvin cycle alone C) both the light reactions
and the Calvin cycle D) neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle E) occurs in the chloroplast but
is not part of photosynthesis
D - ✔✔The light reactions of photosynthesis supply the Calvin cycle with A) light energy. B) CO2 and
ATP. C) H2O and NADPH. D) ATP and NADPH. E) sugar and O2.
D - ✔✔The splitting of carbon dioxide to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds occurs during A)
photosynthesis. B) respiration. C) both photosynthesis and respiration. D) neither photosynthesis nor
respiration. E) photorespiration.
D - ✔✔The sugar that results from three ʺturnsʺ of the Calvin cycle is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
(G3P). Which of the following is a consequence of this? A) Formation of a molecule of glucose would
require 9 ʺturns.ʺ B) G3P more readily forms sucrose and other disaccharides than it does
monosaccharides. C) Some plants would not taste sweet to us. D) The formation of starch in plants
involves assembling many G3P molecules, with or without further rearrangements. E) G3P is easier
for a plant to store
D - ✔✔Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and
heterotrophs? A) Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment. B) Cellular
respiration is unique to heterotrophs. C) Only heterotrophs have mitochondria. D) Autotrophs, but
not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO2 and other nutrients that are inorganic.
E) Only heterotrophs require oxygen.
D - ✔✔Which process is most directly driven by light energy? A) creation of a pH gradient by
pumping protons across the thylakoid membrane B) carbon fixation in the stroma C) reduction of
NADP+ molecules D) removal of electrons from chlorophyll molecules E) ATP synthesis
D - ✔✔Which statement describes the functioning of photosystem II? A) Light energy excites
electrons in the electron transport chain in a photosynthetic unit. B) The excitation is passed along to
a molecule of P700 chlorophyll in the photosynthetic unit. C) The P680 chlorophyll donates a pair of
protons to NADPH, which is thus converted to NADP+. D) The electron vacancies in P680 are filled by
electrons derived from water. E) The splitting of water yields molecular carbon dioxide as a by-
product.
E - ✔✔If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO2 synthesized with heavy oxygen (18O),
later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain
the 18O label. That one is A) PGA. B) PGAL. C) glucose. D) RuBP. E) O2
E - ✔✔In autotrophic bacteria, where are the enzymes located that can carry on organic synthesis? A)
chloroplast membranes B) nuclear membranes C) free in the cytosol D) along the outer edge of the
nucleoid E) along the inner surface of the plasma membrane
E - ✔✔In metabolic processes of cell respiration and photosynthesis, prosthetic groups such as heme
and iron-sulfur complexes are encountered. What do they do? A) donate electrons B) act as reducing
agents C) act as oxidizing agents D) transport protons within the mitochondria and chloroplasts E)
both oxidize and reduce during electron transport
E - ✔✔What are the products of the light reactions that are subsequently used by the Calvin cycle? A)
oxygen and carbon dioxide B) carbon dioxide and RuBP C) water and carbon D) electrons and photons
E) ATP and NADPH
