Certified Medical Laboratory Technician
(MLT) Practice Exam- 2025-2026[Complete
Exam prep Questions with verified Answers]
100%Correct Answers
1. Which anticoagulant is typically used for coagulation studies?
a) EDTA
b) Sodium citrate
c) Heparin
d) Potassium oxalate
Rationale: Sodium citrate binds calcium reversibly, which is necessary for
coagulation testing without permanently inhibiting clotting.
2. What is the normal range for adult hemoglobin (Hgb) in males?
a) 10–12 g/dL
b) 12–14 g/dL
c) 13.5–17.5 g/dL
d) 18–20 g/dL
Rationale: Adult male hemoglobin normally ranges from 13.5 to 17.5 g/dL
according to CLSI standards.
3. The most common cause of hemolytic anemia is:
a) Iron deficiency
b) Vitamin B12 deficiency
c) Immune-mediated destruction of RBCs
d) Chronic disease
Rationale: Hemolytic anemia is most often caused by immune mechanisms
leading to premature RBC destruction.
4. Which of the following is a characteristic of a bacterial infection in a WBC
differential?
a) Increased lymphocytes
b) Increased neutrophils
c) Increased monocytes
d) Decreased WBC count
,Rationale: Bacterial infections usually trigger neutrophilia as part of the acute
inflammatory response.
5. What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid storage
c) Energy (ATP) production
d) Detoxification
Rationale: Mitochondria are the “powerhouse” of the cell, producing ATP
through oxidative phosphorylation.
6. The ABO blood group system is determined by:
a) Serum antibodies
b) Presence of antigens on RBCs
c) WBC antigens
d) Platelet receptors
Rationale: ABO blood types are determined by specific carbohydrate antigens
on the red blood cell surface.
7. A lipemic sample indicates:
a) High bilirubin
b) High triglycerides
c) Hemolysis
d) Low glucose
Rationale: Lipemia is caused by elevated lipids in the blood, giving a milky
appearance to plasma or serum.
8. Which urine test is used to detect renal tubular function?
a) Specific gravity
b) pH
c) Urine osmolality
d) Protein
Rationale: Urine osmolality evaluates the kidney’s ability to concentrate or
dilute urine, reflecting tubular function.
9. What is the primary purpose of a peripheral blood smear?
a) Measure hemoglobin
b) Examine RBC, WBC, and platelet morphology
, c) Determine blood type
d) Measure hematocrit
Rationale: Smear evaluation allows visualization of cell morphology to detect
abnormalities.
10. Which of the following tests is used to monitor long-term glucose control
in diabetic patients?
a) Fasting glucose
b) Random glucose
c) HbA1c
d) OGTT
Rationale: HbA1c reflects average blood glucose over 2–3 months, useful for
long-term monitoring.
11. The term “hemoconcentration” refers to:
a) Low RBC count
b) Low plasma volume
c) Increased concentration of blood cells due to plasma loss
d) Hyperlipidemia
Rationale: Hemoconcentration occurs when plasma volume decreases,
increasing the concentration of blood components.
12. Which of the following is a granulocyte?
a) Lymphocyte
b) Monocyte
c) Eosinophil
d) NK cell
Rationale: Granulocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils,
characterized by cytoplasmic granules.
13. Normal platelet count in adults is approximately:
a) 50,000–100,000/µL
b) 100,000–150,000/µL
c) 150,000–400,000/µL
d) 400,000–600,000/µL
Rationale: Normal adult platelet counts range from 150,000 to 400,000/µL.
14. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with cardiac
arrhythmias?
(MLT) Practice Exam- 2025-2026[Complete
Exam prep Questions with verified Answers]
100%Correct Answers
1. Which anticoagulant is typically used for coagulation studies?
a) EDTA
b) Sodium citrate
c) Heparin
d) Potassium oxalate
Rationale: Sodium citrate binds calcium reversibly, which is necessary for
coagulation testing without permanently inhibiting clotting.
2. What is the normal range for adult hemoglobin (Hgb) in males?
a) 10–12 g/dL
b) 12–14 g/dL
c) 13.5–17.5 g/dL
d) 18–20 g/dL
Rationale: Adult male hemoglobin normally ranges from 13.5 to 17.5 g/dL
according to CLSI standards.
3. The most common cause of hemolytic anemia is:
a) Iron deficiency
b) Vitamin B12 deficiency
c) Immune-mediated destruction of RBCs
d) Chronic disease
Rationale: Hemolytic anemia is most often caused by immune mechanisms
leading to premature RBC destruction.
4. Which of the following is a characteristic of a bacterial infection in a WBC
differential?
a) Increased lymphocytes
b) Increased neutrophils
c) Increased monocytes
d) Decreased WBC count
,Rationale: Bacterial infections usually trigger neutrophilia as part of the acute
inflammatory response.
5. What is the primary function of the mitochondria in a cell?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid storage
c) Energy (ATP) production
d) Detoxification
Rationale: Mitochondria are the “powerhouse” of the cell, producing ATP
through oxidative phosphorylation.
6. The ABO blood group system is determined by:
a) Serum antibodies
b) Presence of antigens on RBCs
c) WBC antigens
d) Platelet receptors
Rationale: ABO blood types are determined by specific carbohydrate antigens
on the red blood cell surface.
7. A lipemic sample indicates:
a) High bilirubin
b) High triglycerides
c) Hemolysis
d) Low glucose
Rationale: Lipemia is caused by elevated lipids in the blood, giving a milky
appearance to plasma or serum.
8. Which urine test is used to detect renal tubular function?
a) Specific gravity
b) pH
c) Urine osmolality
d) Protein
Rationale: Urine osmolality evaluates the kidney’s ability to concentrate or
dilute urine, reflecting tubular function.
9. What is the primary purpose of a peripheral blood smear?
a) Measure hemoglobin
b) Examine RBC, WBC, and platelet morphology
, c) Determine blood type
d) Measure hematocrit
Rationale: Smear evaluation allows visualization of cell morphology to detect
abnormalities.
10. Which of the following tests is used to monitor long-term glucose control
in diabetic patients?
a) Fasting glucose
b) Random glucose
c) HbA1c
d) OGTT
Rationale: HbA1c reflects average blood glucose over 2–3 months, useful for
long-term monitoring.
11. The term “hemoconcentration” refers to:
a) Low RBC count
b) Low plasma volume
c) Increased concentration of blood cells due to plasma loss
d) Hyperlipidemia
Rationale: Hemoconcentration occurs when plasma volume decreases,
increasing the concentration of blood components.
12. Which of the following is a granulocyte?
a) Lymphocyte
b) Monocyte
c) Eosinophil
d) NK cell
Rationale: Granulocytes include neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils,
characterized by cytoplasmic granules.
13. Normal platelet count in adults is approximately:
a) 50,000–100,000/µL
b) 100,000–150,000/µL
c) 150,000–400,000/µL
d) 400,000–600,000/µL
Rationale: Normal adult platelet counts range from 150,000 to 400,000/µL.
14. Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with cardiac
arrhythmias?
