NURS 6011 Health Assessment and Fundamentals Exam 1 Questions and Answers Already
Passed
Involves strategies aimed at preventing problems. Immunizations, health teaching, safety
precautions, and nutrition counseling are examples - Answers Primary prevention
Includes the early diagnosis of health problems and prompts treatment to prevent
complications. Vision screening, pap smears, BP screening, hearing testing, scoliosis screening,
and TB skin testing are examples - Answers Secondary prevention
Focuses on preventing complications of an existing disease and promoting health to the
highest level. Diet teaching and exercise programs are examples - Answers Tertiary prevention
presence of an organism residing in an individual's body but with no clinical signs of infection -
Answers Colonization
Natural habitat for the growth and multiplication of microorganisms - Answers Reservoir
something originating or taking place in the hospital (i.e. infection) - Answers Nosocomial
infection that occurs as a result of a treatment or diagnostic procedure - Answers Iatrogenic
an infection that was not present on admission to a health care institute and develops during
the course of treatment for other conditions (nosocomial) - Answers Health care-associated
infection (HAI)
infection in which the causative organism comes from microbial life harbored within the person
- Answers Endogenous
infection in which the causative organism is acquired from outside the host - Answers
Exogenous
destroys all pathogenic organisms except sports - Answers Disinfection
The semi-sitting position calls for the head of the bed to be elevated 45 to 60 degrees. This
position is often used to promote cardiac and respiratory functioning because abdominal
organs drop in this position, providing maximal space in the thoracic cavity. This is also the
position of choice for eating, conversation, and urinary and intestinal elimination.
The buttocks bears the main weight of the body and the heels, sacrum, and scapulae are at risk
for skin breakdown and require frequent assessment - Answers Fowler's Position
Destroys all microorganisms, including spores - Answers Sterilization
The patient lies flat on the back with the head and shoulders slightly elevated with a pillow
, unless contraindicated, such as spinal anesthesia or surgery on the spinal vertebrae - Answers
Supine or Dorsal Recumbent Position
- The patient lies on the side and the main weight of the body is borne by the lateral aspect of
the lower scapula and the lateral aspect of the lower ilium.
o This is a comfortable alternative to the supine position as many people fall asleep in this
position (including me).
o It relieves pressure on the scapulae, sacrum, and heels and allows the legs and feet to be
comfortably flexed.
o Support pillows are needed for correct positioning. - Answers Side-Lying or Lateral Position
- the patient lies on the side, but the lower arm is behind the patient and the upper arm is flexed
at both the shoulder and the elbow.
o The main body weight is borne by the anterior aspects of the humerus, clavicle, and ilium -
Answers Sims' Position
- the person lies on the abdomen with the head turned to the side. The body is straight in the
prone position because the shoulders, head, and neck are in an erect position, the arms are
easily place in correct alignment with the shoulder girdle, the hips are extended, and the knees
can be prevented from flexion or hyperextending.
o However, the pull of gravity on the trunk when the patient lies prone produces a marked
lordosis or forward curvature of the lumbar spine.
o Contraindicated for people with spinal problems.
The pull of gravity may result in plantar flexion unless the legs and feet are positioned carefully.
- Answers Prone Position
a. The interval between the pathogen's invasion of the body and the appearance of symptoms
of infection
b. During this stage, the organisms are growing and multiplying. - Answers Incubation period
a. Early signs and symptoms of disease are present, but these are often vague and nonspecific,
ranging from fatigue and malaise to a low-grade fever
b. A person is most infectious during this stage.
c. During this phase, the patient often is unaware of being contagious and as a result, the
infection spreads to other hosts - Answers Prodromal stage
a. The type of infection determines the length of the illness and the severity of the
Passed
Involves strategies aimed at preventing problems. Immunizations, health teaching, safety
precautions, and nutrition counseling are examples - Answers Primary prevention
Includes the early diagnosis of health problems and prompts treatment to prevent
complications. Vision screening, pap smears, BP screening, hearing testing, scoliosis screening,
and TB skin testing are examples - Answers Secondary prevention
Focuses on preventing complications of an existing disease and promoting health to the
highest level. Diet teaching and exercise programs are examples - Answers Tertiary prevention
presence of an organism residing in an individual's body but with no clinical signs of infection -
Answers Colonization
Natural habitat for the growth and multiplication of microorganisms - Answers Reservoir
something originating or taking place in the hospital (i.e. infection) - Answers Nosocomial
infection that occurs as a result of a treatment or diagnostic procedure - Answers Iatrogenic
an infection that was not present on admission to a health care institute and develops during
the course of treatment for other conditions (nosocomial) - Answers Health care-associated
infection (HAI)
infection in which the causative organism comes from microbial life harbored within the person
- Answers Endogenous
infection in which the causative organism is acquired from outside the host - Answers
Exogenous
destroys all pathogenic organisms except sports - Answers Disinfection
The semi-sitting position calls for the head of the bed to be elevated 45 to 60 degrees. This
position is often used to promote cardiac and respiratory functioning because abdominal
organs drop in this position, providing maximal space in the thoracic cavity. This is also the
position of choice for eating, conversation, and urinary and intestinal elimination.
The buttocks bears the main weight of the body and the heels, sacrum, and scapulae are at risk
for skin breakdown and require frequent assessment - Answers Fowler's Position
Destroys all microorganisms, including spores - Answers Sterilization
The patient lies flat on the back with the head and shoulders slightly elevated with a pillow
, unless contraindicated, such as spinal anesthesia or surgery on the spinal vertebrae - Answers
Supine or Dorsal Recumbent Position
- The patient lies on the side and the main weight of the body is borne by the lateral aspect of
the lower scapula and the lateral aspect of the lower ilium.
o This is a comfortable alternative to the supine position as many people fall asleep in this
position (including me).
o It relieves pressure on the scapulae, sacrum, and heels and allows the legs and feet to be
comfortably flexed.
o Support pillows are needed for correct positioning. - Answers Side-Lying or Lateral Position
- the patient lies on the side, but the lower arm is behind the patient and the upper arm is flexed
at both the shoulder and the elbow.
o The main body weight is borne by the anterior aspects of the humerus, clavicle, and ilium -
Answers Sims' Position
- the person lies on the abdomen with the head turned to the side. The body is straight in the
prone position because the shoulders, head, and neck are in an erect position, the arms are
easily place in correct alignment with the shoulder girdle, the hips are extended, and the knees
can be prevented from flexion or hyperextending.
o However, the pull of gravity on the trunk when the patient lies prone produces a marked
lordosis or forward curvature of the lumbar spine.
o Contraindicated for people with spinal problems.
The pull of gravity may result in plantar flexion unless the legs and feet are positioned carefully.
- Answers Prone Position
a. The interval between the pathogen's invasion of the body and the appearance of symptoms
of infection
b. During this stage, the organisms are growing and multiplying. - Answers Incubation period
a. Early signs and symptoms of disease are present, but these are often vague and nonspecific,
ranging from fatigue and malaise to a low-grade fever
b. A person is most infectious during this stage.
c. During this phase, the patient often is unaware of being contagious and as a result, the
infection spreads to other hosts - Answers Prodromal stage
a. The type of infection determines the length of the illness and the severity of the
