Psychology Exam test questions
with answers graded A+
Three types of claims - ANS✅✅1. frequency claims
2. association claims
3. causal claims
four types of validity - ANS✅✅1. construct validity
2. statistical validity
3. external validity
4. internal validity
construct validity - ANS✅✅how well something is measured
statistical validity - ANS✅✅what is the margin of error? what can the statistics of a claim tell us
about its accuracy
internal validity - ANS✅✅the ability to rule out alternative explanations for causal relationships
between two variables
external validity - ANS✅✅a measure of how well the study generalizes to areas outside the study
itself
goals of research in psychology - ANS✅✅describing behavior
understanding behavior
predicting behavior
solving applied problems
research designs in psychology - ANS✅✅survey and observational
correlational
experimental
quasi-experimental
, frequency claims goals and design - ANS✅✅goals: describing
design: survey, observational
association claims goals and design - ANS✅✅goals: understanding predicting, solving problems
design: correlational, quasi-exoerimental
causal claims goals and design - ANS✅✅goals: understanding, predicting
design: experimental
scientific method - ANS✅✅particular way of arriving at knowledge
ways of arriving at knowledge - ANS✅✅authority
logic
experience
knowledge from authority - ANS✅✅based on what authority figures tell us, is not always accurate
logical reasoning - ANS✅✅1. assumptions (ex: primates are capable of using language, Bozo is a
primate)
2. conclusions: Bozo is capable of using language
can also be false
knowledge from experience - ANS✅✅-what we experience may have other confounds
-what we experience can be biased, this is called "intuition"
social cognition biases - ANS✅✅1. belief perseverance
2. availability heuristic
3. conformation bias
belief perseverance - ANS✅✅ignoring contrary evidence
with answers graded A+
Three types of claims - ANS✅✅1. frequency claims
2. association claims
3. causal claims
four types of validity - ANS✅✅1. construct validity
2. statistical validity
3. external validity
4. internal validity
construct validity - ANS✅✅how well something is measured
statistical validity - ANS✅✅what is the margin of error? what can the statistics of a claim tell us
about its accuracy
internal validity - ANS✅✅the ability to rule out alternative explanations for causal relationships
between two variables
external validity - ANS✅✅a measure of how well the study generalizes to areas outside the study
itself
goals of research in psychology - ANS✅✅describing behavior
understanding behavior
predicting behavior
solving applied problems
research designs in psychology - ANS✅✅survey and observational
correlational
experimental
quasi-experimental
, frequency claims goals and design - ANS✅✅goals: describing
design: survey, observational
association claims goals and design - ANS✅✅goals: understanding predicting, solving problems
design: correlational, quasi-exoerimental
causal claims goals and design - ANS✅✅goals: understanding, predicting
design: experimental
scientific method - ANS✅✅particular way of arriving at knowledge
ways of arriving at knowledge - ANS✅✅authority
logic
experience
knowledge from authority - ANS✅✅based on what authority figures tell us, is not always accurate
logical reasoning - ANS✅✅1. assumptions (ex: primates are capable of using language, Bozo is a
primate)
2. conclusions: Bozo is capable of using language
can also be false
knowledge from experience - ANS✅✅-what we experience may have other confounds
-what we experience can be biased, this is called "intuition"
social cognition biases - ANS✅✅1. belief perseverance
2. availability heuristic
3. conformation bias
belief perseverance - ANS✅✅ignoring contrary evidence
