Psychology Exam questions and
answers graded A+
What is psychology? - ANS✅✅The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Why is psychology a science? - ANS✅✅Collection of data through systematic observation in order
to describe, explain, predict, and hopefully control behavior. (Scientific Method)
What are the 2 areas of psychology? - ANS✅✅Research-oriented and application-oriented
How many divisions of the APA are there? - ANS✅✅54
What are the 3 subdivisions of research-oriented psychology? - ANS✅✅Developmental,
physiological, and experimental
What are the 2 subdivisions of application-oriented psychology? - ANS✅✅Clinical (Counseling),
Sports and Exercise
What is the advantage of Naturalistic Observation? - ANS✅✅Behavior is natural and spontaneous
What are 2 disadvantages of Naturalistic Observation? - ANS✅✅Time consuming, observer bias
What are 2 advantages of Case Studies? - ANS✅✅Close and concentrated, examine all aspects of
behavior
What are 2 disadvantages of Case Studies? - ANS✅✅Schedule conflicts, can't generalize
What is the advantage of Surveys? - ANS✅✅Quick way to gather info
What are 2 disadvantages of Surveys? - ANS✅✅Do not determine or explain causes of behavior,
sampling error
, What is the advantage of Correlational Research? - ANS✅✅Allows for predictions
What is the disadvantage of Correlational Research? - ANS✅✅Can't prove cause/effect
r = ? - ANS✅✅-1 < r < -0.5: negative correlation
0.5 < r < 1: positive correlation
anything else: no correlation
What is the advantage of Experimental Research? - ANS✅✅Cause/effect
What is the disadvantage of Experimental Research? - ANS✅✅Lab setting
What is a Longitudinal Study? - ANS✅✅Studying the same group at different times
What is a Cross-Sectional Study? - ANS✅✅Studying different groups at the same time
Who was Wilhelm Wundt? - ANS✅✅First formal psychological laboratory, 1879
First psychology class - 4 students
First experiment: reaction time study
Who was Sigmund Freud? - ANS✅✅Case studies on people's dreams
Psychoanalysis & Psychodynamics
Who was Stanley Milgram? - ANS✅✅Obedience experiment in 1963
Who was Ivan Pavlov? - ANS✅✅Learning occurs through classical conditioning
Who was B.F. Skinner? - ANS✅✅Learning is best achieved through operant conditioning - rewards
& punishments
answers graded A+
What is psychology? - ANS✅✅The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Why is psychology a science? - ANS✅✅Collection of data through systematic observation in order
to describe, explain, predict, and hopefully control behavior. (Scientific Method)
What are the 2 areas of psychology? - ANS✅✅Research-oriented and application-oriented
How many divisions of the APA are there? - ANS✅✅54
What are the 3 subdivisions of research-oriented psychology? - ANS✅✅Developmental,
physiological, and experimental
What are the 2 subdivisions of application-oriented psychology? - ANS✅✅Clinical (Counseling),
Sports and Exercise
What is the advantage of Naturalistic Observation? - ANS✅✅Behavior is natural and spontaneous
What are 2 disadvantages of Naturalistic Observation? - ANS✅✅Time consuming, observer bias
What are 2 advantages of Case Studies? - ANS✅✅Close and concentrated, examine all aspects of
behavior
What are 2 disadvantages of Case Studies? - ANS✅✅Schedule conflicts, can't generalize
What is the advantage of Surveys? - ANS✅✅Quick way to gather info
What are 2 disadvantages of Surveys? - ANS✅✅Do not determine or explain causes of behavior,
sampling error
, What is the advantage of Correlational Research? - ANS✅✅Allows for predictions
What is the disadvantage of Correlational Research? - ANS✅✅Can't prove cause/effect
r = ? - ANS✅✅-1 < r < -0.5: negative correlation
0.5 < r < 1: positive correlation
anything else: no correlation
What is the advantage of Experimental Research? - ANS✅✅Cause/effect
What is the disadvantage of Experimental Research? - ANS✅✅Lab setting
What is a Longitudinal Study? - ANS✅✅Studying the same group at different times
What is a Cross-Sectional Study? - ANS✅✅Studying different groups at the same time
Who was Wilhelm Wundt? - ANS✅✅First formal psychological laboratory, 1879
First psychology class - 4 students
First experiment: reaction time study
Who was Sigmund Freud? - ANS✅✅Case studies on people's dreams
Psychoanalysis & Psychodynamics
Who was Stanley Milgram? - ANS✅✅Obedience experiment in 1963
Who was Ivan Pavlov? - ANS✅✅Learning occurs through classical conditioning
Who was B.F. Skinner? - ANS✅✅Learning is best achieved through operant conditioning - rewards
& punishments
