Page 1 of 62
EXAM 2: NUR100 / NUR 100 (LATEST 2025 UPDATE)
PHARMACOLOGY | GUIDE WITH QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT | GRADE A –
FORTIS
Manifestations of dry mouth .....ANSWER.....irritation,
inflammation, susceptibility to infection
Xerostomia .....ANSWER.....oral dryness related to hypofunction
of salivary glands
Manifestations of oral problems or disease
.....ANSWER.....cardiovascular disease, stroke, respiratory
infections, pancreatic cancer, diabetes, nutritional problems, tooth
decay, receding gums
Consequences of ill fitting dentures .....ANSWER.....chewing
difficulties, poor nutrition from lack of enjoyment
,Page 2 of 62
Stratum corneum .....ANSWER.....first layer of the epidermis that is
the thickest. Made up of dead keratinocytes. Gives skin it's tough
quality.
Stratum lucidum .....ANSWER.....second layer of epidermis where
there are dead, flattened keratinocytes
stratum granulosum .....ANSWER.....third layer of epidermis that
has a glycolipid to prevent water loss. Keratinization begins here
Stratum spinosum .....ANSWER.....fourth layer of epidermis. Cells
migrate from bone marrow to here. Mitosis happens here.
Stratum basale .....ANSWER.....fifth layer of epidermis.
Contains keratinocytes and melanocytes. As keratinocytes mature
they move upward as dead cells to the epidermis.
Dermis .....ANSWER.....Layer of skin that has flexible connective
tissue.
Contains blood cells, nerve fibers, lymphocytes
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Contains hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat.
Papillary and Reticular layers
Papillary layer of dermis .....ANSWER.....layer of dermis that
contains capillaries and receptors for pain and touch
Reticular layer of dermis .....ANSWER.....layer of dermis that has
blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, dense bundles of
collagen fibers, and deep pressure receptors (pacinian
corpuscles)
Subcutaneous/Hypodermis .....ANSWER.....layer of skin that has
loose connective tissue, contains half of the body's fat cells, and is
an insulator and cushion for the body
Vernix caseosa .....ANSWER.....What newborns are covered in.
Protects skin from amniotic fluid in utero
Anti-infective
Antioxidant
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wound healing
Infants .....ANSWER.....This population has skin that is 40-60%
thinner
Infants .....ANSWER.....This population has increased absorption in
their skin
Infants .....ANSWER.....This group has little subcutaneous fat and
loses heat more quickly. Has issues with thermoregulation
What increases the likelihood of skin tears in the older adult?
.....ANSWER.....less subcutaneous fat
decreased exchange of nutrients between layers of skin
lower healing time
Capillary loops shorten .....ANSWER.....What causes bruising in
older adults related to skin integrity
Tissue integrity assessment, history .....ANSWER.....Ask about skin
diseases, previous bruising, general skin condition, skin lesions
EXAM 2: NUR100 / NUR 100 (LATEST 2025 UPDATE)
PHARMACOLOGY | GUIDE WITH QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT | GRADE A –
FORTIS
Manifestations of dry mouth .....ANSWER.....irritation,
inflammation, susceptibility to infection
Xerostomia .....ANSWER.....oral dryness related to hypofunction
of salivary glands
Manifestations of oral problems or disease
.....ANSWER.....cardiovascular disease, stroke, respiratory
infections, pancreatic cancer, diabetes, nutritional problems, tooth
decay, receding gums
Consequences of ill fitting dentures .....ANSWER.....chewing
difficulties, poor nutrition from lack of enjoyment
,Page 2 of 62
Stratum corneum .....ANSWER.....first layer of the epidermis that is
the thickest. Made up of dead keratinocytes. Gives skin it's tough
quality.
Stratum lucidum .....ANSWER.....second layer of epidermis where
there are dead, flattened keratinocytes
stratum granulosum .....ANSWER.....third layer of epidermis that
has a glycolipid to prevent water loss. Keratinization begins here
Stratum spinosum .....ANSWER.....fourth layer of epidermis. Cells
migrate from bone marrow to here. Mitosis happens here.
Stratum basale .....ANSWER.....fifth layer of epidermis.
Contains keratinocytes and melanocytes. As keratinocytes mature
they move upward as dead cells to the epidermis.
Dermis .....ANSWER.....Layer of skin that has flexible connective
tissue.
Contains blood cells, nerve fibers, lymphocytes
,Page 3 of 62
Contains hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat.
Papillary and Reticular layers
Papillary layer of dermis .....ANSWER.....layer of dermis that
contains capillaries and receptors for pain and touch
Reticular layer of dermis .....ANSWER.....layer of dermis that has
blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, dense bundles of
collagen fibers, and deep pressure receptors (pacinian
corpuscles)
Subcutaneous/Hypodermis .....ANSWER.....layer of skin that has
loose connective tissue, contains half of the body's fat cells, and is
an insulator and cushion for the body
Vernix caseosa .....ANSWER.....What newborns are covered in.
Protects skin from amniotic fluid in utero
Anti-infective
Antioxidant
, Page 4 of 62
wound healing
Infants .....ANSWER.....This population has skin that is 40-60%
thinner
Infants .....ANSWER.....This population has increased absorption in
their skin
Infants .....ANSWER.....This group has little subcutaneous fat and
loses heat more quickly. Has issues with thermoregulation
What increases the likelihood of skin tears in the older adult?
.....ANSWER.....less subcutaneous fat
decreased exchange of nutrients between layers of skin
lower healing time
Capillary loops shorten .....ANSWER.....What causes bruising in
older adults related to skin integrity
Tissue integrity assessment, history .....ANSWER.....Ask about skin
diseases, previous bruising, general skin condition, skin lesions
