NU 578 - Unit 2 questions with answers

NU 578 - Unit 2 questions with answers
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Opioids Drugs - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Drugs:
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Opioids - MOA - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Bind to "opiate
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receptors" in the brain, which disrupts the transmission of pain
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signals in the CNS.
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- Mimic actions of endogenous opiates
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(endorphins, enkephalins, dynorphins). |\ |\




- Primarily activate mu receptors, but also activate Kappa
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Opioids - Effect - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔* Relieve pain & induce
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euphoria


Also cause sedation, respiratory depression, miosis, constipation,
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nausea, & suppress the cough reflex.
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Opioids - Uses - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Pain relief
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- Cough suppression
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- Relief of dyspnea
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- Preoperative sedation
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Opioids - Side Effects - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Hypotension
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,sedation
nausea
itching
miosis
muscle weakness |\




constipation
Urinary Retention|\




Biliary Colic
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Increased ICP |\




Treatment of Opioid- Induced Constipation - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔methylnaltrexone (Relistor) |\




naloxegol (Movantik) |\




Blocks opioid receptors in the GI tract
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* Does not cross blood-brain barrier, so does not reverse
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analgesia


Opioids - Drug Interactions - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔CNS
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depressants!


Anticholinergics


Drugs that lower BP
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,Opioids - Contraindications/Warnings - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Decreased respiratory reserve |\ |\




Labor and delivery |\ |\




Inflammatory Bowel disease |\ |\




Head Injury |\




Opioids - Patient Educaiton - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔
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Opioid toxicity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔3 signs:
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- coma
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- pinpoint pupils
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- respiratory depression - may be fatal!
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Tolerance - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔a state in which a drug user
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needs larger amounts of the drug to produce the same effect on
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the body |\




Physical Dependence - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔A state in which
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an abstinence syndrome will occur if drug use is abruptly stopped
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Abuse - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔drug use that is inconsistent with
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medical or social norms
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, Addiction - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔disease characterized by and
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individual pathologically pursuing rewards and relief by
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substance use and other behaviors |\ |\ |\ |\




Full opioid agonists - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔- Good for severe
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pain
- May give a feeling of euphoria
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Example: Morphin, codeine, hydromorphone|\ |\ |\




Partial opioid agonists (Agonist-antagonist) - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔- Good for moderate pain
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- May act as antagonists at some receptors and
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precipitate withdrawal. |\




Example: pentazocine, Suboxone, buprenorphine, nalbuphine
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Partial opioid agonists (Agonist-antagonist) Drugs: - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Pentazocine |\




Suboxone
Buprenorphine
Nalbuphine


Partial opioid agonists (Agonist-antagonist) Action - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Acts as antagonists at mu receptors, and agonists
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at kappa receptors
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