MN 551 Midterm Review Purdue University
What are the 4 forces overcome by the respiratory muscles? ANS 1. Elastic recoil of the lungs, measured as
Questions And Answers compliance
What is the primary role of mucociliary blanket? ANS Trap foreign objects and bacteria which doesn't allow 2. Elastic recoil of the chest wall
entry to the lungs
3. Surface tension
4. Airway resistance
What do the vocal cords contribute when it involves swallowing? ANS They contribute to blocking of airways
when swallowing, thus preventing food from entering the lungs.
Why does Fibrosis cause a decrease in lung compliance? ANS It causes an increase in elastic tissue, which
causes increases stiffness thus leading to lower compliance
What is aspiration pneumonia? ANS is a type of lung infection that is due to a relatively large amount of
material from the stomach or mouth entering the lungs
Why does Pulmonary emphysema increase lung compliance? ANS This changes the elastic recoil of lung tissue
What does the Tracheobronchial Tree consists of ANS trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles
What is COPD? ANS Irreversible decrease in the ability to force air out of the lungs.
Which type of penumonia are you at high risk if the swallowing mechanism is impaired? ANS aspiration
pneumonia In the pulmonary vasculature, which vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary system? ANS
Pulmonary artery
True or False... Volume of air that moves into and out of the air exchange portion of the lungs is directly related to
pressure difference between the lungs and atmosphere ANS True What is pleural effusion? What breath sounds would you hear? ANS Build up of fluid in the viceral space of the
lungs. This is more commonly reffered to as a build up of water on the lungs. The sounds. Since lungs are unable to
expand properly, upon auscultation one would hear diminished or absent sounds on the lower portions of the lung.
True or False... Airway Airflow is inversely related to the resistance that the air encounters as it moves through the
airways ANS True
What is pneumothorax? What breath sounds would one hear? ANS Abnormal collection of air in the visceral
space of the lungs, this is known as a collapsed lung. Crackles is heard upon auscultation, also one would have
What is the priniciple muscle for inspiration? What is the motion when contracted? ANS diaphragm. the diminished or absent breath sounds.
abdominal contents move downward and forward.
What is the name of the nerves that innervate the diaphragm? What would happen if an injury occurs at the C4
What is lung compliance? ANS It is the stretchability of our lungs. The more the lungs can expand the more the region? What respiratory intervention can the nurse expect as a result of the injury? ANS Phrenic nerve roots.
compliance. Damage to C4 region will cause damage to the phrenic nerve roots, thus causing no muscle contraction of the
diaphragm. Patient will most probably need mechanical ventilation.
What determines lung compliance? ANS elastin and collagen fibers of lung, its water content, and surface
tension What is pulmonary fibrosis? What are the clinical manifestation that the nurse would find? What happens to the
breathing of the patient as they attempt to compensate? ANS Scarring of the alveoli thus reducing compliance
of the lungs due to reduction of the elasticity of the tissues. Client presents with shortness of breath, dry hacking
cough, clubbing. To compensate, patient would take shallow deep breaths
What muscles are involved in expiration? ANS Expiration of the lungs is usually passive. Relaxing the inspiratory
muscles allows the elastic recoil of the lungs to reduce the volume of the thoracic cavity passively
What are the 4 forces overcome by the respiratory muscles? ANS 1. Elastic recoil of the lungs, measured as
Questions And Answers compliance
What is the primary role of mucociliary blanket? ANS Trap foreign objects and bacteria which doesn't allow 2. Elastic recoil of the chest wall
entry to the lungs
3. Surface tension
4. Airway resistance
What do the vocal cords contribute when it involves swallowing? ANS They contribute to blocking of airways
when swallowing, thus preventing food from entering the lungs.
Why does Fibrosis cause a decrease in lung compliance? ANS It causes an increase in elastic tissue, which
causes increases stiffness thus leading to lower compliance
What is aspiration pneumonia? ANS is a type of lung infection that is due to a relatively large amount of
material from the stomach or mouth entering the lungs
Why does Pulmonary emphysema increase lung compliance? ANS This changes the elastic recoil of lung tissue
What does the Tracheobronchial Tree consists of ANS trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles
What is COPD? ANS Irreversible decrease in the ability to force air out of the lungs.
Which type of penumonia are you at high risk if the swallowing mechanism is impaired? ANS aspiration
pneumonia In the pulmonary vasculature, which vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary system? ANS
Pulmonary artery
True or False... Volume of air that moves into and out of the air exchange portion of the lungs is directly related to
pressure difference between the lungs and atmosphere ANS True What is pleural effusion? What breath sounds would you hear? ANS Build up of fluid in the viceral space of the
lungs. This is more commonly reffered to as a build up of water on the lungs. The sounds. Since lungs are unable to
expand properly, upon auscultation one would hear diminished or absent sounds on the lower portions of the lung.
True or False... Airway Airflow is inversely related to the resistance that the air encounters as it moves through the
airways ANS True
What is pneumothorax? What breath sounds would one hear? ANS Abnormal collection of air in the visceral
space of the lungs, this is known as a collapsed lung. Crackles is heard upon auscultation, also one would have
What is the priniciple muscle for inspiration? What is the motion when contracted? ANS diaphragm. the diminished or absent breath sounds.
abdominal contents move downward and forward.
What is the name of the nerves that innervate the diaphragm? What would happen if an injury occurs at the C4
What is lung compliance? ANS It is the stretchability of our lungs. The more the lungs can expand the more the region? What respiratory intervention can the nurse expect as a result of the injury? ANS Phrenic nerve roots.
compliance. Damage to C4 region will cause damage to the phrenic nerve roots, thus causing no muscle contraction of the
diaphragm. Patient will most probably need mechanical ventilation.
What determines lung compliance? ANS elastin and collagen fibers of lung, its water content, and surface
tension What is pulmonary fibrosis? What are the clinical manifestation that the nurse would find? What happens to the
breathing of the patient as they attempt to compensate? ANS Scarring of the alveoli thus reducing compliance
of the lungs due to reduction of the elasticity of the tissues. Client presents with shortness of breath, dry hacking
cough, clubbing. To compensate, patient would take shallow deep breaths
What muscles are involved in expiration? ANS Expiration of the lungs is usually passive. Relaxing the inspiratory
muscles allows the elastic recoil of the lungs to reduce the volume of the thoracic cavity passively
