MN 551 Midterm Review Purdue University Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Updated & Verified |

MN 551 Midterm Review Purdue University Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Updated & Verified | What are the 4 forces overcome by the respiratory muscles? - ANSWER -1. Elastic recoil of the lungs, measured as compliance 2. Elastic recoil of the chest wall 3. Surface tension 4. Airway resistance Why does Fibrosis cause a decrease in lung compliance? - ANSWER -It causes an increase in elastic tissue, which causes increases stiffness thus leading to lower compliance Why does Pulmonary emphysema increase lung compliance? - ANSWER -This changes the elastic recoil of lung tissue What is COPD? - ANSWER -Irreversible decrease in the ability to force air out of the lungs. In the pulmonary vasculature, which vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary system? - ANSWER -Pulmonary artery What is pleural effusion? What breath sounds would you hear? - ANSWER Build up of fluid in the viceral space of the lungs. This is more commonly reffered to as a build up of water on the lungs. The sounds. Since lungs are unable to expand properly, upon auscultation one would hear diminished or absent sounds on the lower portions of the lung. What is pneumothorax? What breath sounds would one hear? - ANSWER Abnormal collection of air in the visceral space of the lungs, this is known as a collapsed lung. Crackles is heard upon auscultation, also one would have diminished or absent breath sounds. What is the name of the nerves that innervate the diaphragm? What would happen if an injury occurs at the C4 region? What respiratory intervention can the nurse expect as a result of the injury? - ANSWER -Phrenic nerve roots. Damage to C4 region will cause damage to the phrenic nerve roots, thus causing no muscle contraction of the diaphragm. Patient will most probably need mechanical ventilation. What is pulmonary fibrosis? What are the clinical manifestation that the nurse would find? What happens to the breathing of the patient as they attempt to compensate? - ANSWER -Scarring of the alveoli thus reducing compliance of the lungs due to reduction of the elasticity of the tissues. Client presents with shortness of breath, dry hacking cough, clubbing. To compensate, patient would take shallow deep breaths Bow is vital capacity determined? - ANSWER -Combining inspiratory and expiratory reserve, and tidal volume Why is lung capacity always greater than vital capacity? - ANSWER -The lungs never empty completely, thus causing a greater lung capacity over vital capacity What is the primary role of mucociliary blanket? - ANSWER -Trap foreign objects and bacteria which doesn't allow entry to the lungs What do the vocal cords contribute when it involves swallowing? - ANSWER They contribute to blocking of airways when swallowing, thus preventing food from entering the lungs. What is aspiration pneumonia? - ANSWER -is a type of lung infection that is due to a relatively large amount of material from the stomach or mouth entering the lungs What does the Tracheobronchial Tree consists of - ANSWER -trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles Which type of penumonia are you at high risk if the swallowing mechanism is impaired? - ANSWER -aspiration pneumonia True or False... Volume of air that moves into and out of the air exchange portion of the lungs is directly related to pressure difference between the lungs and atmosphere - ANSWER -True True or False... Airway Airflow is inversely related to the resistance that the air encounters as it moves through the airways - ANSWER -True What is the priniciple muscle for inspiration? What is the motion when contracted? - ANSWER -diaphragm. the abdominal contents move downward and forward. What is lung compliance? - ANSWER -It is the stretchability of our lungs. The more the lungs can expand the more the compliance. What determines lung compliance? - ANSWER -elastin and collagen fibers of lung, its water content, and surface tension What muscles are involved in expiration? - ANSWER -Expiration of the lungs is usually passive. Relaxing the inspiratory muscles allows the elastic recoil of the lungs to reduce the volume of the thoracic cavity passively