HONDROS NUR 212 PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+RECENT VERSION

HONDROS NUR 212 PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS | ALREADY GRADED A+RECENT VERSION 1) What prevents lymphedema? - ANSWER Exercise, healthy diet (health maintenance) 2) Treatment for lymphedema? - ANSWER Healthy diet, exercise, compression stockings, good skin/nail care, decongestive therapy, elevate extremity, isometric exercises 3) What are neutropenic precautions? - ANSWER Avoid fresh fruits/veggies, no fresh flowers, good hand hygiene (infection prevention) 4) Signs and symptoms of thrombocytopenia? - ANSWER Most patients are asymptomatic, but ss include bleeding (mucosal or cutaneous), bruising, petechiae, purpura 5) Adverse affects of chemo/radiation? - ANSWER Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, skin breakdown, reproductive dysfunction, nephrotoxicity, neuropathy, anemia 6) Fatigue management for chemo? - ANSWER Encourage moderate exercise as tolerated, encourage rest when fatigued but to continue to maintain lifestyle patterns as much as possible while pacing activities to energy level, and reassure that fatigue is a common side affect 7) Stages of cancer? - ANSWER 1-Initiation 2-Promotion-Can be reversed with lifestyle changes. 3-Latent 4-Progression 8) Hemoglobin (Hgb) - ANSWER 12-18 9) myasthenia gravis - ANSWER a chronic autoimmune disease that causes serious weakness of voluntary muscles, caused by antibodies attacking ACH receptors. 10) s/s of myasthenia gravis - ANSWER -diplopia (double vision) - ptosis (eyelid drooping) -sleepy appearance - dysphagia, choking, dysphasia - weakness improved by rest & worse by exercise -resp failure -bladder & bowel incontinence 11) Why is hospice care underutilized? - ANSWER Lack of information -Physician feels like they failed -Patients/family are scared and they do not understand how hospice works -Cultural and ethical groups that do not want outsiders to take care of dying family member -Feel like they are giving up 12) Do patient need to be actively dying to need hospice treatment? - ANSWER No, hospice includes patients who typically have less than 6 months to live. 13) Most common hospice diagnosis - ANSWER Cancer Heart disease 14) Average hospice stay - ANSWER 21 days 15) What does hospice care focus on? - ANSWER -Pain control -Symptom management -Spiritual assessment -Family assessment/management of needs 16) Barriers to hospice - ANSWER -Veterans -Homeless patients -Poverty -Institutionalized -Disabled 17) What 2 things are required before being admitted to hospice? - ANSWER 1. Patient must have desire for hospice 2. Agree in writing that only hospice care will be used 18) How many physicians need to sign off on initial hospice admit? - ANSWER 2 physicians for initial 6 month admission 1 physician for 6 months thereafter 19) What are advanced directives? - ANSWER Legal directives that state your medical decisions regarding of life. -also called a living will -patient must understand what is going on in order to make advanced directive decisions 20) Healthcare planning - ANSWER Does the patient want CPR? Willing to be on a ventilator? Artificial feeding? Just strictly comfort care? 21) Durable Power of Attorney - ANSWER Legal agreement that allows an agent or representative of the patient to act on behalf of the patient 22) DNRCC - ANSWER Do Not Resuscitate Comfort Care -Patient receives care that eases pain, but no resuscitation measures are taken to save life 23) DNRCC-Arrest - ANSWER Dying patient receives treatment including resuscitative efforts up until the time of cardiac or respiratory arrest 24) Which diagnostic tool would the nurse expect to include in the plan of care for a patient who may have leukemia? A. BRCA studies B. Liver function test C. Bone marrow aspiration D. Estrogen and progesterone levels - ANSWER C. Bone marrow aspiration 25) Initiation stage - ANSWER Injury to DNA, genetic changes. 26) Promotion stage - ANSWER Proliferation, reversible (lifestyle changes can reduce risk) 27) Latent stage - ANSWER Tumor present, no evidence of cancer 28) Progression stage - ANSWER Tumor has own blood supply, increased growth rate, invading surrounding cells, metastases 29) Are all side effects of chemo instant? - ANSWER No, can be latent for a few days to a week 30) Proper PPE for nurse administering chemo? - ANSWER Gloves, gown, and mask 31) Proper skin care for a patient on radiation therapy? - ANSWER Aloe or lotion without perfume, metal, alcohol, or additives. No heating pads or ice packs. Frequent skin assessments. 32) SS of adverse affects of IV chemo? - ANSWER Painful, red, swollen, or blistered IV site. 33) Primary prevention for cancer? - ANSWER Lifestyle changes, healthy diet, exercise, smoking cessation. 34) Secondary prevention for cancer? - ANSWER Screenings (breast/testicle self exam, Pap smear, PSA) 35) What is an important nursing intervention for a patient with a mastectomy - ANSWER No BP or injections on the side with mastectomy, and elevate arm to help with flow of lymph due to the risk of lymphedema 36) Characteristics of benign tumors? - ANSWER slow steady growth, remains localized, contained within a capsule, crowds normal tissue, rarely fatal, rarely reoccurs after removal, movable when palpated 37) A patient is receiving chemo, which lab result would mean the patient should be put on neutropenic precautions? - ANSWER WBC 38) The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the stages of cancer development. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further teaching? 1.The promotion stage includes strategies for preventing cancer. 2.Progression indicates that abnormal cells are being produced at the same rate as normal cells without stopping. 3.The event that begins the initiation stage is when the DNA in a cell is damaged or altered - ANSWER Progression indicates that abnormal cells are being produced at the same rate as normal cells without stopping. 39) A patient is being treated with chemotherapy for breast cancer. The patient's meal tray was just delivered. What foods would the nurse remove from the tray? 1.Roast beef with gravy 2.Salad with ranch dressing 3.Steamed vegetables 4.Chocolate cake - ANSWER Salad with ranch dressing 40) A patient is being treated with chemotherapy for breast cancer. What lab test would the nurse evaluate to determine if there is concern for spontaneous bleeding? 1.White blood cell count 2.Hemoglobin 3.Basophil count 4.Platelet count - ANSWER Platelet count 41) Which genetic marker indicates that a patient may be at an increased risk of breast and/or ovarian cancer? - ANSWER BRCA1/BRCA2 42) Anatomical site classifications of cancer - ANSWER Carcinoma-skin, glands, mucous membranes.