FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOCHEMISTRY
EXAMINATION TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉Glycine (gly) . Answer: small and fits into tight corners in the interior
of proteins, Non polar, hydrophobic
◉Alanine (Ala) . Answer: Non polar, hydrophobic
◉Valine (Val) . Answer: Non polar, hydrophobic
◉Leucine (Leu) . Answer: Non polar, hydroohobic
◉Isoleucine (Ile) . Answer: Non polar, hydrophobic
◉Proline (Pro) . Answer: Ring structure, creates kink in polypeptide
chain, non polar, hydrophobic
◉Cysteine (Cys) . Answer: Can for disulphide bonds, not found in cells
as oxidising, non polar
◉Phenylalanine (Phe) . Answer: Non polar, very hydrophobic
,◉Tyrosine (Tyr) . Answer: polar, hydrophilic
◉Tryptophan (Trp) . Answer: Non polar, hydrophobic
◉Methionine (Met) . Answer: Can't form disulphide bridges, non polar,
hydrophobic
◉Asparagine (Asn) . Answer: Polar, hydrophillic
◉Glutamine (Gln) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic
◉Serine (Ser) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic
◉Threonine (Thr) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic
◉Aspartate (Asp) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic, negative charged
(acidic)
◉Glutamate (Glu) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic, negative charge
(acidic)
◉Arginine (Arg) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic, posative charge (Basic)
, ◉Lysine (Lys) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic, posative charge (Basic)
◉Histidine (His) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic, can be posative (Basic)
or neutral charge.
◉Are weak, but stabilise the proteins and nucleic acids. . Answer: Non-
Covalent Interactions in macromolecules.
◉Covalent bond between 2 atoms of sulfur. . Answer: Disulfide Bridges
◉The exclusion of non-polar molecules by polar molecules. . Answer:
Hydrophobic Effect
◉Made of amylase and amylopectin.
Amylase is not branched.
Amylopectin is branched, about every 30 carbons. . Answer: Structure
of Starch.
◉Straight chain of beta glucose.
Chains form microfibrils which are held together by hydrogen bonds. .
Answer: Structure of cellulose.
EXAMINATION TEST 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
◉Glycine (gly) . Answer: small and fits into tight corners in the interior
of proteins, Non polar, hydrophobic
◉Alanine (Ala) . Answer: Non polar, hydrophobic
◉Valine (Val) . Answer: Non polar, hydrophobic
◉Leucine (Leu) . Answer: Non polar, hydroohobic
◉Isoleucine (Ile) . Answer: Non polar, hydrophobic
◉Proline (Pro) . Answer: Ring structure, creates kink in polypeptide
chain, non polar, hydrophobic
◉Cysteine (Cys) . Answer: Can for disulphide bonds, not found in cells
as oxidising, non polar
◉Phenylalanine (Phe) . Answer: Non polar, very hydrophobic
,◉Tyrosine (Tyr) . Answer: polar, hydrophilic
◉Tryptophan (Trp) . Answer: Non polar, hydrophobic
◉Methionine (Met) . Answer: Can't form disulphide bridges, non polar,
hydrophobic
◉Asparagine (Asn) . Answer: Polar, hydrophillic
◉Glutamine (Gln) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic
◉Serine (Ser) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic
◉Threonine (Thr) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic
◉Aspartate (Asp) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic, negative charged
(acidic)
◉Glutamate (Glu) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic, negative charge
(acidic)
◉Arginine (Arg) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic, posative charge (Basic)
, ◉Lysine (Lys) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic, posative charge (Basic)
◉Histidine (His) . Answer: Polar, hydrophilic, can be posative (Basic)
or neutral charge.
◉Are weak, but stabilise the proteins and nucleic acids. . Answer: Non-
Covalent Interactions in macromolecules.
◉Covalent bond between 2 atoms of sulfur. . Answer: Disulfide Bridges
◉The exclusion of non-polar molecules by polar molecules. . Answer:
Hydrophobic Effect
◉Made of amylase and amylopectin.
Amylase is not branched.
Amylopectin is branched, about every 30 carbons. . Answer: Structure
of Starch.
◉Straight chain of beta glucose.
Chains form microfibrils which are held together by hydrogen bonds. .
Answer: Structure of cellulose.
