Genetics exam test quizzes and
answers graded A+
Mendel's contributions - ANS✅✅1. traits inherited in predictable way
2. traits controlled by pair of genes
3. pair segregates during gamete formation
diploid - ANS✅✅a condition in which each chromosome exists in pairs; having two of each
chromosome (2n)
diploid number - ANS✅✅members of each species have a characteristic number of chromosomes
haploid - ANS✅✅cell or an organism having one member of each pair of homologous
chromosomes. aka gamete chromosome number (n)
sutton and boveri - ANS✅✅linked the observed behavior of the chromosomes to mendel's
postulates for inheritance: chromosomal theory of inheritance
mutation - ANS✅✅any inheritable change and the source of all genetic variation
allele - ANS✅✅alternative forms of genes
phenotype - ANS✅✅the observable features of an organism
genotype - ANS✅✅the set of alleles for a given gene carried by an organism
avery, maccloud, and mccarty - ANS✅✅performed the key experiment showing DNA was genetic
material not protein in 1944
transcription - ANS✅✅DNA >> RNA
translation - ANS✅✅mRNA >> protein
, dna cloning - ANS✅✅set of techniques used to make a large number of copies of gene sequences
genome - ANS✅✅the complete haploid content of DNA specific to an organism
restriction enzymes - ANS✅✅were key in development of recombinant DNA techniques
transgenic animal - ANS✅✅an organism whose genome has been modified by the introduction of
external DNA sequences into the germ line
genomics - ANS✅✅the study of genomes. involves sequencing genomes and studying the
structure, function, and evolution of genes and genomes
proteomics - ANS✅✅examines the set of proteins in a cell under a given set of conditions
bioinformatics - ANS✅✅a subfield of information technology that deals with the massive amounts
of data within genomics and proteomics
good model organism - ANS✅✅-close to human genetics
-easy to breed
-produce large numbers of offspring
-short life cycle
-easy genetic analysis
mitosis - ANS✅✅results in the production of two cells, each with same number of chromosomes
as the parent cell
meiosis - ANS✅✅reduces the genetic content and the chromosome number precisely in half.
results in production of sex cells
gametes - ANS✅✅sex cells
nucleus - ANS✅✅houses DNA
answers graded A+
Mendel's contributions - ANS✅✅1. traits inherited in predictable way
2. traits controlled by pair of genes
3. pair segregates during gamete formation
diploid - ANS✅✅a condition in which each chromosome exists in pairs; having two of each
chromosome (2n)
diploid number - ANS✅✅members of each species have a characteristic number of chromosomes
haploid - ANS✅✅cell or an organism having one member of each pair of homologous
chromosomes. aka gamete chromosome number (n)
sutton and boveri - ANS✅✅linked the observed behavior of the chromosomes to mendel's
postulates for inheritance: chromosomal theory of inheritance
mutation - ANS✅✅any inheritable change and the source of all genetic variation
allele - ANS✅✅alternative forms of genes
phenotype - ANS✅✅the observable features of an organism
genotype - ANS✅✅the set of alleles for a given gene carried by an organism
avery, maccloud, and mccarty - ANS✅✅performed the key experiment showing DNA was genetic
material not protein in 1944
transcription - ANS✅✅DNA >> RNA
translation - ANS✅✅mRNA >> protein
, dna cloning - ANS✅✅set of techniques used to make a large number of copies of gene sequences
genome - ANS✅✅the complete haploid content of DNA specific to an organism
restriction enzymes - ANS✅✅were key in development of recombinant DNA techniques
transgenic animal - ANS✅✅an organism whose genome has been modified by the introduction of
external DNA sequences into the germ line
genomics - ANS✅✅the study of genomes. involves sequencing genomes and studying the
structure, function, and evolution of genes and genomes
proteomics - ANS✅✅examines the set of proteins in a cell under a given set of conditions
bioinformatics - ANS✅✅a subfield of information technology that deals with the massive amounts
of data within genomics and proteomics
good model organism - ANS✅✅-close to human genetics
-easy to breed
-produce large numbers of offspring
-short life cycle
-easy genetic analysis
mitosis - ANS✅✅results in the production of two cells, each with same number of chromosomes
as the parent cell
meiosis - ANS✅✅reduces the genetic content and the chromosome number precisely in half.
results in production of sex cells
gametes - ANS✅✅sex cells
nucleus - ANS✅✅houses DNA
