,Chapter 01: Nursing Today
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Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
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MULTIPLE CHOICE nm
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
a. Florence Nightingale nm
b. Mary Nutting nm
c. Clara Barton nm
d. Lillian Wald nm
ANS: A nm
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected
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poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald
m nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founde
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
d the American Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Understand (comprehension) nm
OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance n m nm nm nm
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard o
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
f nursing practice is the nurse following?
nm nm nm nm nm nm
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C nm
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives t
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
o attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, th
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
e registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Understand (comprehension) nm
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
nm nm nm nm nm nm
TOP: Planning nm
nm MSC: Management of Care n m nm nm
3. An experienced medical-
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surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the nurs
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
e upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner nm
ANS: A nm
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm n
mlevel of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinica
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
l situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowled
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ge gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understand
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
s the organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncolog
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
y, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate n
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ursing care and establish long-
nm nm nm nm
range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanc
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ed beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to i
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
dentify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Apply (application) nm
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
nm nm nm nm nm nm
TOP: Evaluation nm
nm MSC: Management of Care
n m nm nm
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluid
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
s. The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse d
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
emonstrating?
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B nm
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of ind
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ependent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United St
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ates, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
RN, the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practic
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
e. Accountability means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
quality of nursing care provided.
nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Apply (application) nm
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
TOP: Implementation nm
nm MSC: Management of Care
n m nm nm
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nur
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
se implementing?
nm
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B nm
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
care and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or fa
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
cility. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in l
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
earning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and provid
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
e assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients mai
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ntain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level function
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
and independence through the healing process.
nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Apply (application) nm
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses.nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
TOP: Implementation nm
nm MSC: Management of Care n m nm nm
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practi
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ce nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
. To fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) nm nm nm nm nm
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) nm nm nm nm
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) nm nm nm nm nm
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ANS: B nm
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm n
and award the research-
m nm nm nm
oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursing (
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP i
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
s a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Understand (comprehension) nm
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (R
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
N) education.
nm TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care n m n m nm nm
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurse
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
s Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
a. Graduate education nm
b. Inservice education nm
c. Continuing education nm
d. Registered nurse education nm nm
ANS: C nm
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universiti
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
es, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational a
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
nd health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm n
graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fiel
m nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ds, including nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
a health care facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation f
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
or an individual intending to be an RN.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Apply (application) nm
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN)
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
nm nm nm
Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
nm nm nm nm nm
MULTIPLE CHOICE nm
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
a. Florence Nightingale nm
b. Mary Nutting nm
c. Clara Barton nm
d. Lillian Wald nm
ANS: A nm
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm n
poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald
m nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founde
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
d the American Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Understand (comprehension) nm
OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance n m nm nm nm
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard o
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
f nursing practice is the nurse following?
nm nm nm nm nm nm
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C nm
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives t
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
o attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, th
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
e registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Understand (comprehension) nm
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
nm nm nm nm nm nm
TOP: Planning nm
nm MSC: Management of Care n m nm nm
3. An experienced medical-
nm nm
surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of proficiency is the nurs
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
e upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner nm
ANS: A nm
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm n
mlevel of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinica
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
l situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowled
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ge gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understand
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
s the organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncolog
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
y, or orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate n
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ursing care and establish long-
nm nm nm nm
range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation is an advanc
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ed beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to i
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
dentify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Apply (application) nm
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles.
nm nm nm nm nm nm
TOP: Evaluation nm
nm MSC: Management of Care
n m nm nm
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluid
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
s. The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse d
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
emonstrating?
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B nm
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of ind
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ependent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United St
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ates, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
RN, the nurse may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practic
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
e. Accountability means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
quality of nursing care provided.
nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Apply (application) nm
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
TOP: Implementation nm
nm MSC: Management of Care
n m nm nm
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nur
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
se implementing?
nm
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B nm
, A manager coordinates the activities of members of the nursing staff in delivering nursing
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
care and has personnel, policy, and budgetary responsibility for a specific nursing unit or fa
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
cility. As an educator, you explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient’s progress in l
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
earning. As a patient advocate, you protect your patient’s human and legal rights and provid
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
e assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. As a caregiver, you help patients mai
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ntain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level function
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
and independence through the healing process.
nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Apply (application) nm
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses.nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
TOP: Implementation nm
nm MSC: Management of Care n m nm nm
6. The nurse has been working in the clinical setting for several years as an advanced practi
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ce nurse. However, the nurse has a strong desire to pursue research and theory development
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
. To fulfill this desire, which program should the nurse attend?
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
a. Doctor of Nursing Science degree (DNSc) nm nm nm nm nm
b. Doctor of Philosophy degree (PhD) nm nm nm nm
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) nm nm nm nm nm
d. Doctor in the Science of Nursing degree (DSN) nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ANS: B nm
Some doctoral programs prepare nurses for more rigorous research and theory development
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm n
and award the research-
m nm nm nm
oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing. Professional doctoral programs in nursing (
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DSN or DNSc) prepare graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing. The DNP i
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
s a practice doctorate that prepares advanced practice nurses such as nurse practitioners.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Understand (comprehension) nm
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (R
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
N) education.
nm TOP: Teaching/Learning MSC: Management of Care n m n m nm nm
7. A nurse attends a workshop on current nursing issues provided by the American Nurse
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
s Association. Which type of education did the nurse receive?
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
a. Graduate education nm
b. Inservice education nm
c. Continuing education nm
d. Registered nurse education nm nm
ANS: C nm
Continuing education involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universiti
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
es, hospitals, state nurses associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational a
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
nd health care institutions. After obtaining a baccalaureate degree in nursing, you can pursue
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm n
graduate education leading to a master’s or doctoral degree in any number of graduate fiel
m nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
ds, including nursing. Inservice education programs are instruction or training provided by
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
a health care facility or institution. Registered nurse education is the education preparation f
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
or an individual intending to be an RN.
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
DIF:Apply (application) nm
OBJ:Compare and contrast the educational programs available for professional registered nurse (RN)
nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm nm
