Adult Respiratory in Nursing ACTUAL
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
What are the common risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Risk factors for COPD include smoking, environmental
pollution, occupational exposures, genetic predisposition (like alpha-1 antitrypsin
deficiency), and recurrent respiratory infections. Nurses assess patients through history,
spirometry, oxygen saturation, and physical examination. Early identification allows patient
education, smoking cessation programs, and pharmacologic interventions. Monitoring
includes pulmonary function, symptom progression, and exacerbation frequency. Supportive
care includes oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, and vaccinations. Education on
avoiding triggers and adherence to medications is essential. Early intervention improves
quality of life and reduces complications.
What are the signs and symptoms of pneumonia in adults?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Pneumonia presents with fever, cough, purulent sputum,
dyspnea, chest pain, fatigue, and sometimes confusion in older adults. Nurses monitor vital
signs, oxygen saturation, lung auscultation, and laboratory tests such as WBC count and chest
X-ray. Early recognition allows prompt antibiotic therapy, oxygen support, and hydration.
Patient education focuses on medication adherence, rest, and nutrition. Supportive care
includes monitoring for complications like sepsis or respiratory failure. Timely intervention
reduces morbidity and hospital stay. Continuous assessment ensures recovery and prevents
deterioration.
How is asthma assessed and managed in adults?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Assessment includes history of symptoms, triggers, physical
examination, and pulmonary function tests. Management involves quick-relief inhalers
(bronchodilators), controller medications (inhaled corticosteroids), and lifestyle
modifications. Nurses monitor oxygen saturation, peak flow readings, and response to
medications. Patient education on trigger avoidance, inhaler technique, and asthma action
plans is crucial. Supportive care includes hydration and monitoring for signs of exacerbation.
Early recognition and management prevent severe attacks and hospitalizations. Continuous
monitoring improves symptom control and quality of life.
What are the signs of hypoxemia in adult patients?
, CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Hypoxemia presents with dyspnea, tachypnea, cyanosis,
confusion, restlessness, tachycardia, and diaphoresis. Nurses monitor oxygen saturation,
arterial blood gases, vital signs, and respiratory effort. Early recognition allows oxygen
therapy, medication adjustments, and treatment of underlying causes. Patient education
includes recognizing early signs and seeking prompt care. Supportive care involves
positioning for optimal ventilation and monitoring for complications. Timely intervention
prevents organ dysfunction and respiratory failure. Continuous assessment ensures adequate
oxygenation and patient safety.
How is adult acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) managed?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ ARDS management includes mechanical ventilation with low
tidal volumes, oxygen therapy, fluid management, and treatment of underlying causes.
Nurses monitor vital signs, oxygen saturation, arterial blood gases, and respiratory
mechanics. Supportive care includes sedation, nutrition, and preventing ventilator-associated
infections. Educate patients and families about critical illness, interventions, and expected
outcomes. Monitoring for complications like barotrauma or sepsis is essential. Early
intervention improves survival and reduces long-term pulmonary sequelae. Continuous
assessment ensures stabilization and effective management.
What are the nursing priorities for a patient with chronic bronchitis?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Priorities include monitoring respiratory status, oxygenation,
airway clearance, and signs of infection. Nurses assess cough, sputum production, lung
sounds, and activity tolerance. Patient education focuses on smoking cessation, inhaler
technique, and recognition of exacerbations. Supportive care includes oxygen therapy,
pulmonary rehabilitation, and hydration. Monitoring for complications such as pneumonia or
right-sided heart failure is essential. Early intervention improves functional capacity and
prevents hospitalizations. Continuous assessment ensures effective symptom management
and quality of life.
How is pulmonary embolism recognized and treated?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Pulmonary embolism presents with sudden dyspnea, chest pain,
tachypnea, tachycardia, hypoxemia, and sometimes hemoptysis. Nurses monitor vital signs,
oxygen saturation, ECG, and diagnostic tests such as CT pulmonary angiography. Treatment
includes anticoagulation therapy, thrombolytics in severe cases, and supportive oxygen
therapy. Educate patients on medication adherence, signs of bleeding, and mobility
precautions. Supportive care includes monitoring hemodynamics and preventing
complications like right heart strain. Timely recognition reduces morbidity and mortality.
Continuous monitoring ensures safe and effective therapy.
What are the clinical features of emphysema?
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
What are the common risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Risk factors for COPD include smoking, environmental
pollution, occupational exposures, genetic predisposition (like alpha-1 antitrypsin
deficiency), and recurrent respiratory infections. Nurses assess patients through history,
spirometry, oxygen saturation, and physical examination. Early identification allows patient
education, smoking cessation programs, and pharmacologic interventions. Monitoring
includes pulmonary function, symptom progression, and exacerbation frequency. Supportive
care includes oxygen therapy, pulmonary rehabilitation, and vaccinations. Education on
avoiding triggers and adherence to medications is essential. Early intervention improves
quality of life and reduces complications.
What are the signs and symptoms of pneumonia in adults?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Pneumonia presents with fever, cough, purulent sputum,
dyspnea, chest pain, fatigue, and sometimes confusion in older adults. Nurses monitor vital
signs, oxygen saturation, lung auscultation, and laboratory tests such as WBC count and chest
X-ray. Early recognition allows prompt antibiotic therapy, oxygen support, and hydration.
Patient education focuses on medication adherence, rest, and nutrition. Supportive care
includes monitoring for complications like sepsis or respiratory failure. Timely intervention
reduces morbidity and hospital stay. Continuous assessment ensures recovery and prevents
deterioration.
How is asthma assessed and managed in adults?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Assessment includes history of symptoms, triggers, physical
examination, and pulmonary function tests. Management involves quick-relief inhalers
(bronchodilators), controller medications (inhaled corticosteroids), and lifestyle
modifications. Nurses monitor oxygen saturation, peak flow readings, and response to
medications. Patient education on trigger avoidance, inhaler technique, and asthma action
plans is crucial. Supportive care includes hydration and monitoring for signs of exacerbation.
Early recognition and management prevent severe attacks and hospitalizations. Continuous
monitoring improves symptom control and quality of life.
What are the signs of hypoxemia in adult patients?
, CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Hypoxemia presents with dyspnea, tachypnea, cyanosis,
confusion, restlessness, tachycardia, and diaphoresis. Nurses monitor oxygen saturation,
arterial blood gases, vital signs, and respiratory effort. Early recognition allows oxygen
therapy, medication adjustments, and treatment of underlying causes. Patient education
includes recognizing early signs and seeking prompt care. Supportive care involves
positioning for optimal ventilation and monitoring for complications. Timely intervention
prevents organ dysfunction and respiratory failure. Continuous assessment ensures adequate
oxygenation and patient safety.
How is adult acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) managed?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ ARDS management includes mechanical ventilation with low
tidal volumes, oxygen therapy, fluid management, and treatment of underlying causes.
Nurses monitor vital signs, oxygen saturation, arterial blood gases, and respiratory
mechanics. Supportive care includes sedation, nutrition, and preventing ventilator-associated
infections. Educate patients and families about critical illness, interventions, and expected
outcomes. Monitoring for complications like barotrauma or sepsis is essential. Early
intervention improves survival and reduces long-term pulmonary sequelae. Continuous
assessment ensures stabilization and effective management.
What are the nursing priorities for a patient with chronic bronchitis?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Priorities include monitoring respiratory status, oxygenation,
airway clearance, and signs of infection. Nurses assess cough, sputum production, lung
sounds, and activity tolerance. Patient education focuses on smoking cessation, inhaler
technique, and recognition of exacerbations. Supportive care includes oxygen therapy,
pulmonary rehabilitation, and hydration. Monitoring for complications such as pneumonia or
right-sided heart failure is essential. Early intervention improves functional capacity and
prevents hospitalizations. Continuous assessment ensures effective symptom management
and quality of life.
How is pulmonary embolism recognized and treated?
CORRECT ANSWERS✅✅ Pulmonary embolism presents with sudden dyspnea, chest pain,
tachypnea, tachycardia, hypoxemia, and sometimes hemoptysis. Nurses monitor vital signs,
oxygen saturation, ECG, and diagnostic tests such as CT pulmonary angiography. Treatment
includes anticoagulation therapy, thrombolytics in severe cases, and supportive oxygen
therapy. Educate patients on medication adherence, signs of bleeding, and mobility
precautions. Supportive care includes monitoring hemodynamics and preventing
complications like right heart strain. Timely recognition reduces morbidity and mortality.
Continuous monitoring ensures safe and effective therapy.
What are the clinical features of emphysema?
