HIV & TB HESI CASE STUDY questions and
answers 2025\2026 A+ Grade
The nurse admits Raymond to a private room at the end of the hall. According to hospital protocol, the
nurse puts on a mask before starting the admission process. Raymond tells the nurse that his significant
other is downstairs and that he would like for him to stay in the room w/ him. How should the nurse
respond?
- correct answer He may stay, but he needs to wear a mask
Raymond's significant other, Brandon, arrives. Raymond wants to know why a mask is necessary for
people entering his room. What teaching should the nurse implement?
- correct answer Explain that the TB organism is most often spread through the air
The UAP asks why Raymond could not be in an empty semiprivate room closer to the nurse's station so
the staff would not have to walk so far to provide care. What information should the nurse provide to
the UAP on infection control practices?
- correct answer The implementation of airborne precautions for possible TB requires a private, negative
pressure room assignment
The nurse notices the UAP about to enter Raymond's room to deliver a meal tray w/out wearing any
protective apparel. What info should the nurse provide to the UAP?
- correct answer A mask is required for HC workers entering the room of someone suspected of having
active TB
An acid-fast bacilli (AFB) stain is part of the initial prescriptions. Early morning sputum specimens will be
collected for 3 consecutive days and sent to the lab. Which tasks may the nurse delegate to the UAP?
- correct answer - Have the UAP tell Raymond that the specimen must be collected in the early morning
- Provide Raymond w/ 3 sterile specimen cups at his bedside
- Document the time and date that each sputum specimen was collected
, Raymond is scheduled for several activities the following morning. Which activity should Raymond
perform 1st upon awakening?
- correct answer Obtain the 1st of 3 sputum specimens for lab testing
An LPN says to the nurse who is making assignments, "I do not want to be assigned to care for Raymond.
I have never cared for a client w/ HIV and do not want to start now. I have a family at home that needs
me". Which info should the nurse base a response about the LPN's right to refuse care for a client w/
HIV?
- correct answer The LPN may refuse to care for a client in circumstances in which risk to the nurse
outweighs the nurse's responsibility to care for a client, or if the assignment conflicts w/ the nurse's
ethical standards
How should the nursing supervisor respond to the staff LPN who does not want to care for Raymond?
- correct answer "I understand you want to protect your children. Please tell me your concerns
regarding caring for a client w/ HIV"
The nurse creates a POC for Raymond. The nsg dx of Knowledge Deficit is used to describe what is
needed during client education sessions w/ Raymond. Which stmts by Raymond indicates that he
understands why he is at risk for TB?
- correct answer - "I realize my helper T cells are diminished from HIV. Those are the cells needed to
fight TB"
- "I guess living in that homeless shelter increased my chances of getting TB"
After 3 days, the nurse receives the results from Raymond's TB skin test that was administered at his
HCP's office. Even though Raymond's reaction to the TB skin test measures only 5mm, the HCP
documents a positive test result. A new graduate nurse finds this confusing. The new graduate nurse
thought that a 10mm induration was the minimum size for a positive reading and asks the nurse
preceptor for clarification. How should the nurse preceptor respond?
- correct answer That is not always true. A 5 mm induration is considered positive for a person w/ HIV
Before breakfast, the nurse brings Raymond the HIV meds that are due. Raymond inquires about his
other meds, stating, "I take all my HIV pills at once before breakfast. I don't want to bother w/ taking
meds all day long!" Show should the nurse reply?
- correct answer "To be most effective, HIV meds are prescribed on different schedules"
answers 2025\2026 A+ Grade
The nurse admits Raymond to a private room at the end of the hall. According to hospital protocol, the
nurse puts on a mask before starting the admission process. Raymond tells the nurse that his significant
other is downstairs and that he would like for him to stay in the room w/ him. How should the nurse
respond?
- correct answer He may stay, but he needs to wear a mask
Raymond's significant other, Brandon, arrives. Raymond wants to know why a mask is necessary for
people entering his room. What teaching should the nurse implement?
- correct answer Explain that the TB organism is most often spread through the air
The UAP asks why Raymond could not be in an empty semiprivate room closer to the nurse's station so
the staff would not have to walk so far to provide care. What information should the nurse provide to
the UAP on infection control practices?
- correct answer The implementation of airborne precautions for possible TB requires a private, negative
pressure room assignment
The nurse notices the UAP about to enter Raymond's room to deliver a meal tray w/out wearing any
protective apparel. What info should the nurse provide to the UAP?
- correct answer A mask is required for HC workers entering the room of someone suspected of having
active TB
An acid-fast bacilli (AFB) stain is part of the initial prescriptions. Early morning sputum specimens will be
collected for 3 consecutive days and sent to the lab. Which tasks may the nurse delegate to the UAP?
- correct answer - Have the UAP tell Raymond that the specimen must be collected in the early morning
- Provide Raymond w/ 3 sterile specimen cups at his bedside
- Document the time and date that each sputum specimen was collected
, Raymond is scheduled for several activities the following morning. Which activity should Raymond
perform 1st upon awakening?
- correct answer Obtain the 1st of 3 sputum specimens for lab testing
An LPN says to the nurse who is making assignments, "I do not want to be assigned to care for Raymond.
I have never cared for a client w/ HIV and do not want to start now. I have a family at home that needs
me". Which info should the nurse base a response about the LPN's right to refuse care for a client w/
HIV?
- correct answer The LPN may refuse to care for a client in circumstances in which risk to the nurse
outweighs the nurse's responsibility to care for a client, or if the assignment conflicts w/ the nurse's
ethical standards
How should the nursing supervisor respond to the staff LPN who does not want to care for Raymond?
- correct answer "I understand you want to protect your children. Please tell me your concerns
regarding caring for a client w/ HIV"
The nurse creates a POC for Raymond. The nsg dx of Knowledge Deficit is used to describe what is
needed during client education sessions w/ Raymond. Which stmts by Raymond indicates that he
understands why he is at risk for TB?
- correct answer - "I realize my helper T cells are diminished from HIV. Those are the cells needed to
fight TB"
- "I guess living in that homeless shelter increased my chances of getting TB"
After 3 days, the nurse receives the results from Raymond's TB skin test that was administered at his
HCP's office. Even though Raymond's reaction to the TB skin test measures only 5mm, the HCP
documents a positive test result. A new graduate nurse finds this confusing. The new graduate nurse
thought that a 10mm induration was the minimum size for a positive reading and asks the nurse
preceptor for clarification. How should the nurse preceptor respond?
- correct answer That is not always true. A 5 mm induration is considered positive for a person w/ HIV
Before breakfast, the nurse brings Raymond the HIV meds that are due. Raymond inquires about his
other meds, stating, "I take all my HIV pills at once before breakfast. I don't want to bother w/ taking
meds all day long!" Show should the nurse reply?
- correct answer "To be most effective, HIV meds are prescribed on different schedules"
