RTPM
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |
ALREADY GRADED A+<RECENT
VERSION>
1) Chemotherapy common side effects - ANSWER Physical pain, Extravasation,
Systemic effects
2) Cytotoxic agents include 2 types - ANSWER Vesicant: severe & irreversible
damage, resulting in necrosis;
Irritant: local inflammation, unlikely to cause permanent damage
3) Extravasation injury depends on - ANSWER Type, Concentration & Quantity
(Leakage & Involuntary injection)
Need adequate guideline, training & correct treatment
4) Central/ Hickman - ANSWER Allow for multiple administration, painless during
infusion
5) Hickman line destination - ANSWER Superior vena cava near right atrium
6) Hickman line complication - ANSWER thrombosis, infection
7) 4 major systemic effects - ANSWER Nausea & Vomiting, Myelosuppression,
Mucositis, Hair loss
8) Mechanism of CINV - ANSWER 1) Direct activation of medullary
chemoreceptor trigger zone (5-HT3, Dopamine)
, 2) Cell damage of GI tract, serotonin releases, activate 5-HT3 receptors, send impulse
to medulla, stimulate vomiting centre
9) CINV medications - ANSWER 1) Dopamine antagonist- Metoclopramide
2) 5-HT3 antagonist- Ondansetron
3) Corticosteroid- Dexamthasone
10) Myelosuppression leads to immunosuppression - ANSWER Anaemia,
Neutropenia, Thrombocytopenia
11) Grade I and II oral mucositis - ANSWER Grade I: painless ulcer, erythema, mild
soreness in absence of lesion
Grade II: painful ulcer, erythema, edema but can eat & shallow
12) Grade III and IV oral mucositis - ANSWER Grade III: painful ulcer, erythema,
edema requiring IV hydration
Grade IV: severe ulceration, require parenteral nutritional support/ prophylactic
intubation
13) Good mouth care - ANSWER 1) Avoid spirits & spices
2) use soft toothbrush & alcohol-free mouthwash
3) Maintain oral hygiene
14) Management of oral mucositis - ANSWER 1) Soluble aspirin/ paracetamol for
pain relief
2) Protective gels, antibiotics
15) Alopecia - ANSWER Cytotoxic drug attacks rapidly dividing hair matrix cells
16) Characteristics of Vegetative intermitotic VIM and Differentiating inter mitotic DIM -
ANSWER VIM: divide regularly & rapidly, undifferentiated (erythroblasts)
DIM: divide actively, more differentiated (myelocytes)
,17) Characteristics of Vessels/ Connective tissue and Reverting postmitotic RPM and
Fixed postmitotic FPM - ANSWER Vessels: divide irregularly & more
differentiated than DIM (endothelial cells)
RPM: do not normally divide but retain capability of division (hepatocytes)
FPM: do not divide & highly differentiated (erythrocyte, nerve, muscle cells)
18) Acute and Late radiation reactions - ANSWER Acute: 0-3 months after RT started
Late/ Chronic: more than 3 months after RT started
19) Rate of response depends on - ANSWER Cell type, cycle & regeneration time
(RS is a function of the most sensitive cells it contain)
20) Regeneration and Repair - ANSWER Regeneration: replace of same cell type,
VIM DIM, desirable healing
Repair: different cell type (scaring fibrosis), RPM FPM, non-desirable
21) Radiation-induced SR - ANSWER Skin reaction, Fatigue, Radiation sickness,
Change of bowel habit (depend of site)
22) Skin reaction in increasing severity - ANSWER Erythema, Moist desquamation,
Epilation, Radiation necrosis, Pigmentation, Telangiectasia
23) Acute radiation dermatitis Grade I and Grade II - ANSWER Grade I: Faint
erythema, dry desquamation
Grade II: Moderate erythema, patchy moist desquamation
24) Management of acute radiation dermatitis - ANSWER Irradiated area:
Medicated cream
Mild soap + water
No hair remover
Avoid sun exposure & swimming
Deodorant and electric shaver ok
Maintain hygiene, clean & dry
, 25) Bolus effect - ANSWER Things on skin should not be applied before radiation Tx
A bolus effect
Increase radiation dose to epidermis
26) Skin care recommendation - ANSWER 1) Protect from sun exposure
2) No hot water but dryer on cool setting
3) Avoid skin friction and rubbing by wear loose-fitting cotton cloth
27) Radiation sickness - ANSWER Diversion of O2 and Nutrition supply to
malignant cells
Accumulation of lactate from tumour lysis
Lead to fatigue, NV, Anorexia
28) "Crisis in life" phases - ANSWER Shock (Dx), Reaction (Tx), Work-through
(Rehab), Reorientation (Recovery)
5D: distance, dependence, disability, disfigurement, death
29) Challenges in oncology patients - ANSWER 1) Normalization of distress
Stage-specific stressors & responses
Multidisciplinary teams & fragmentation of care
Perceived time constraints
30) How stress is associated with immunosuppression - ANSWER Stress->
Stimulation of adrenocortical secretion-> Increased serum glucocorticoid-> Activation
of sympathetic nervous system-> Release of catecholamines
31) (increase infection risk & lower speed of recovery)
32) where did a 19 year old roadie die? - ANSWER Roadie Dies at Avenged
Sevenfold Germany Concert
33) smartest thing you can so during planning process is to - ANSWER conduct a
SWOT analysis
34) SWOT allows you to identify - ANSWER internal and external influences
PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS |
ALREADY GRADED A+<RECENT
VERSION>
1) Chemotherapy common side effects - ANSWER Physical pain, Extravasation,
Systemic effects
2) Cytotoxic agents include 2 types - ANSWER Vesicant: severe & irreversible
damage, resulting in necrosis;
Irritant: local inflammation, unlikely to cause permanent damage
3) Extravasation injury depends on - ANSWER Type, Concentration & Quantity
(Leakage & Involuntary injection)
Need adequate guideline, training & correct treatment
4) Central/ Hickman - ANSWER Allow for multiple administration, painless during
infusion
5) Hickman line destination - ANSWER Superior vena cava near right atrium
6) Hickman line complication - ANSWER thrombosis, infection
7) 4 major systemic effects - ANSWER Nausea & Vomiting, Myelosuppression,
Mucositis, Hair loss
8) Mechanism of CINV - ANSWER 1) Direct activation of medullary
chemoreceptor trigger zone (5-HT3, Dopamine)
, 2) Cell damage of GI tract, serotonin releases, activate 5-HT3 receptors, send impulse
to medulla, stimulate vomiting centre
9) CINV medications - ANSWER 1) Dopamine antagonist- Metoclopramide
2) 5-HT3 antagonist- Ondansetron
3) Corticosteroid- Dexamthasone
10) Myelosuppression leads to immunosuppression - ANSWER Anaemia,
Neutropenia, Thrombocytopenia
11) Grade I and II oral mucositis - ANSWER Grade I: painless ulcer, erythema, mild
soreness in absence of lesion
Grade II: painful ulcer, erythema, edema but can eat & shallow
12) Grade III and IV oral mucositis - ANSWER Grade III: painful ulcer, erythema,
edema requiring IV hydration
Grade IV: severe ulceration, require parenteral nutritional support/ prophylactic
intubation
13) Good mouth care - ANSWER 1) Avoid spirits & spices
2) use soft toothbrush & alcohol-free mouthwash
3) Maintain oral hygiene
14) Management of oral mucositis - ANSWER 1) Soluble aspirin/ paracetamol for
pain relief
2) Protective gels, antibiotics
15) Alopecia - ANSWER Cytotoxic drug attacks rapidly dividing hair matrix cells
16) Characteristics of Vegetative intermitotic VIM and Differentiating inter mitotic DIM -
ANSWER VIM: divide regularly & rapidly, undifferentiated (erythroblasts)
DIM: divide actively, more differentiated (myelocytes)
,17) Characteristics of Vessels/ Connective tissue and Reverting postmitotic RPM and
Fixed postmitotic FPM - ANSWER Vessels: divide irregularly & more
differentiated than DIM (endothelial cells)
RPM: do not normally divide but retain capability of division (hepatocytes)
FPM: do not divide & highly differentiated (erythrocyte, nerve, muscle cells)
18) Acute and Late radiation reactions - ANSWER Acute: 0-3 months after RT started
Late/ Chronic: more than 3 months after RT started
19) Rate of response depends on - ANSWER Cell type, cycle & regeneration time
(RS is a function of the most sensitive cells it contain)
20) Regeneration and Repair - ANSWER Regeneration: replace of same cell type,
VIM DIM, desirable healing
Repair: different cell type (scaring fibrosis), RPM FPM, non-desirable
21) Radiation-induced SR - ANSWER Skin reaction, Fatigue, Radiation sickness,
Change of bowel habit (depend of site)
22) Skin reaction in increasing severity - ANSWER Erythema, Moist desquamation,
Epilation, Radiation necrosis, Pigmentation, Telangiectasia
23) Acute radiation dermatitis Grade I and Grade II - ANSWER Grade I: Faint
erythema, dry desquamation
Grade II: Moderate erythema, patchy moist desquamation
24) Management of acute radiation dermatitis - ANSWER Irradiated area:
Medicated cream
Mild soap + water
No hair remover
Avoid sun exposure & swimming
Deodorant and electric shaver ok
Maintain hygiene, clean & dry
, 25) Bolus effect - ANSWER Things on skin should not be applied before radiation Tx
A bolus effect
Increase radiation dose to epidermis
26) Skin care recommendation - ANSWER 1) Protect from sun exposure
2) No hot water but dryer on cool setting
3) Avoid skin friction and rubbing by wear loose-fitting cotton cloth
27) Radiation sickness - ANSWER Diversion of O2 and Nutrition supply to
malignant cells
Accumulation of lactate from tumour lysis
Lead to fatigue, NV, Anorexia
28) "Crisis in life" phases - ANSWER Shock (Dx), Reaction (Tx), Work-through
(Rehab), Reorientation (Recovery)
5D: distance, dependence, disability, disfigurement, death
29) Challenges in oncology patients - ANSWER 1) Normalization of distress
Stage-specific stressors & responses
Multidisciplinary teams & fragmentation of care
Perceived time constraints
30) How stress is associated with immunosuppression - ANSWER Stress->
Stimulation of adrenocortical secretion-> Increased serum glucocorticoid-> Activation
of sympathetic nervous system-> Release of catecholamines
31) (increase infection risk & lower speed of recovery)
32) where did a 19 year old roadie die? - ANSWER Roadie Dies at Avenged
Sevenfold Germany Concert
33) smartest thing you can so during planning process is to - ANSWER conduct a
SWOT analysis
34) SWOT allows you to identify - ANSWER internal and external influences
