1 | Page
Human Development Final Exam Questions
with Verified Solutions| New Update
Questions and Correct Answers
an approach to discipline where the caregiver removes their
affection when the child misbehaves Ans: — love withdrawal
(approach to discipline)
bribe or coerce the child in order to force them to do a desired
behavior; is an external attempt to change their behavior Ans: —
power assertion (approach to discipline)
withholding attention, affection, or approval when a child
misbehaves Ans: — love withdrawal (approach to discipline)
controlling the child's behavior through the use of power, such as
spankings, commands, and physical restraint Ans: — power
assertion (approach to discipline)
explaining why a behavior is wrong, emphasizing how it affects
other people, and often providing a better option or suggestions
on how the child can undo any damage Ans: — induction
(approach to discipline)
when the individual is questioned about how the behavior affects
others it is utilizing.... Ans: — empathy-based guilt
strategy to control children's behavior that relies on reasoning and
discussion Ans: — inductive discipline
the methods a parent used to teach and socialize children Ans: —
discipline
induction helps children to _________________ the rules and helps
them to understand _________ the rules are the way they are Ans:
— internalize, why
behavior that harms or violates the rights of others, whether
overtly or covertly Ans: — aggression
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, 2 | Page
behavior that hurts someone else in order to achieve a goal such
as gaining a possession Ans: — instrumental aggression
harming someone through nonphysical acts aimed at harming a
person's connections with others, such as by exclusion and rumor
spreading Ans: — relational aggression
___________ aggression declines through elementary and high
school. Ans: — physical
another term for bullying Ans: — peer victimization
an ongoing interaction in which a child becomes a frequent target
of physical, verbal, or social harm by another child or children
Ans: — peer victimization
physical bullying is most common in _________________ Ans: —
childhood
verbal bullying increases in ________________ and remains common
in ________________ Ans: — childhood, adolescence
behavior that harms others, is disruptive or hostile, or that
transgresses social norms Ans: — antisocial behavior
a psychiatric diagnosis that refers to a severe form of antisocial
behavior, characterized by aggressive behaviors that involve the
destruction of property, stealing, or robbing others, or causing
pain to others Ans: — conduct disorder
a psychiatric diagnosis that refers to a severe form of antisocial
behavior Ans: — conduct disorder
_______________ activity is common in adolescence Ans: —
delinquent (illegal)
most delinquent activity that occurs in childhood is ___________
and does not continue into _____________ Ans: — mild, adulthood
refers to the chromosomes, hormones, and organs (secondary
sexual characteristics) Ans: — biological sex
socially constructed characteristics associated with different sexes
Ans: — gender
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how you, in your head, think about yourself Ans: — gender
identity
how you demonstrate your gender (based on social constructs
within the culture) through the ways you act, dress, behave, and
interact Ans: — gender expression
who you are sexually, emotionally attracted to based on their sex,
gender identity, and gender expression in relation to your own
Ans: — sexual orientation
individuals born with any of several sex characteristics including
chromosome patterns, gonads, or genitals that do not fit typical
binary notions of male or female bodies Ans: — intersex
individuals whose gender identity or gender expression differs
from the sex that they were assigned at birth Ans: — transgender
broad, generalized judgments of the activities, attitudes, skills,
and characteristics deemed appropriate for gender categories in a
given culture Ans: — gender stereotypes
normative expectations based on gender that are applied to
individuals' everyday behavior Ans: — gender role norms
the process by which children acquire gender role norms Ans: —
gender typing
a concept or mental structure that organizes gender-related
information and embodies the understanding of what it means to
be male or female Ans: — gender schema
a cognitive explanation of gender role development that
emphasizes information processing and environmental influences
Ans: — gender schema theory
At the pre-conventional level in Kohlberg's stages of moral
development, what makes something right vs. wrong is whether or
not it will.... Ans: — get you into trouble
the motivation to do the right thing at the preconventional level
stems from fear of _________________ Ans: — punishment
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 4 | Page
at the conventional level, motivation to do the right thing is based
on... Ans: — rule of law
we are _________________ to break the world up into different
human ___________ Ans: — predisposed, groups
induction is an effective way to discipline because it encourages
_______________ and results in _________________ of the rules Ans:
— empathy, internalization
emotional, sexual, and sometimes behavioral bodily memory Ans:
— implicit memory
the biological, evolutionary perspective on gender development
says that gender differences in behavior are _________________ Ans:
— adaptive
under the biological explanations for influencing gender
development, _______________ differences are said to be a cause,
with high levels of __________________ promoting male-typical
behavior development Ans: — hormonal, testosterone
the cognitive-developmental explanation on gender development
says that children's understanding of gender is constructed
through ________________ with the world and thinking about their
__________________ Ans: — interactions, experiences
the biological perspective on moral development says that the
factors which influence moral development are
____________________, ___________ heritage, and ___________ areas
Ans: — evolutionary, genetic, brain
the cognitive-developmental perspective on moral development
thinks of children as _____________ thinkers about social __________
Ans: — active, rules
babies, even as young as _________ months, have a preference for
the __________ puppet vs. the ____________ puppet Ans: — 3, nicer,
mean
humans develop what kind of mentality very quickly? Ans: — us
vs. them
© 2025 All rights reserved
Human Development Final Exam Questions
with Verified Solutions| New Update
Questions and Correct Answers
an approach to discipline where the caregiver removes their
affection when the child misbehaves Ans: — love withdrawal
(approach to discipline)
bribe or coerce the child in order to force them to do a desired
behavior; is an external attempt to change their behavior Ans: —
power assertion (approach to discipline)
withholding attention, affection, or approval when a child
misbehaves Ans: — love withdrawal (approach to discipline)
controlling the child's behavior through the use of power, such as
spankings, commands, and physical restraint Ans: — power
assertion (approach to discipline)
explaining why a behavior is wrong, emphasizing how it affects
other people, and often providing a better option or suggestions
on how the child can undo any damage Ans: — induction
(approach to discipline)
when the individual is questioned about how the behavior affects
others it is utilizing.... Ans: — empathy-based guilt
strategy to control children's behavior that relies on reasoning and
discussion Ans: — inductive discipline
the methods a parent used to teach and socialize children Ans: —
discipline
induction helps children to _________________ the rules and helps
them to understand _________ the rules are the way they are Ans:
— internalize, why
behavior that harms or violates the rights of others, whether
overtly or covertly Ans: — aggression
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 2 | Page
behavior that hurts someone else in order to achieve a goal such
as gaining a possession Ans: — instrumental aggression
harming someone through nonphysical acts aimed at harming a
person's connections with others, such as by exclusion and rumor
spreading Ans: — relational aggression
___________ aggression declines through elementary and high
school. Ans: — physical
another term for bullying Ans: — peer victimization
an ongoing interaction in which a child becomes a frequent target
of physical, verbal, or social harm by another child or children
Ans: — peer victimization
physical bullying is most common in _________________ Ans: —
childhood
verbal bullying increases in ________________ and remains common
in ________________ Ans: — childhood, adolescence
behavior that harms others, is disruptive or hostile, or that
transgresses social norms Ans: — antisocial behavior
a psychiatric diagnosis that refers to a severe form of antisocial
behavior, characterized by aggressive behaviors that involve the
destruction of property, stealing, or robbing others, or causing
pain to others Ans: — conduct disorder
a psychiatric diagnosis that refers to a severe form of antisocial
behavior Ans: — conduct disorder
_______________ activity is common in adolescence Ans: —
delinquent (illegal)
most delinquent activity that occurs in childhood is ___________
and does not continue into _____________ Ans: — mild, adulthood
refers to the chromosomes, hormones, and organs (secondary
sexual characteristics) Ans: — biological sex
socially constructed characteristics associated with different sexes
Ans: — gender
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 3 | Page
how you, in your head, think about yourself Ans: — gender
identity
how you demonstrate your gender (based on social constructs
within the culture) through the ways you act, dress, behave, and
interact Ans: — gender expression
who you are sexually, emotionally attracted to based on their sex,
gender identity, and gender expression in relation to your own
Ans: — sexual orientation
individuals born with any of several sex characteristics including
chromosome patterns, gonads, or genitals that do not fit typical
binary notions of male or female bodies Ans: — intersex
individuals whose gender identity or gender expression differs
from the sex that they were assigned at birth Ans: — transgender
broad, generalized judgments of the activities, attitudes, skills,
and characteristics deemed appropriate for gender categories in a
given culture Ans: — gender stereotypes
normative expectations based on gender that are applied to
individuals' everyday behavior Ans: — gender role norms
the process by which children acquire gender role norms Ans: —
gender typing
a concept or mental structure that organizes gender-related
information and embodies the understanding of what it means to
be male or female Ans: — gender schema
a cognitive explanation of gender role development that
emphasizes information processing and environmental influences
Ans: — gender schema theory
At the pre-conventional level in Kohlberg's stages of moral
development, what makes something right vs. wrong is whether or
not it will.... Ans: — get you into trouble
the motivation to do the right thing at the preconventional level
stems from fear of _________________ Ans: — punishment
© 2025 All rights reserved
, 4 | Page
at the conventional level, motivation to do the right thing is based
on... Ans: — rule of law
we are _________________ to break the world up into different
human ___________ Ans: — predisposed, groups
induction is an effective way to discipline because it encourages
_______________ and results in _________________ of the rules Ans:
— empathy, internalization
emotional, sexual, and sometimes behavioral bodily memory Ans:
— implicit memory
the biological, evolutionary perspective on gender development
says that gender differences in behavior are _________________ Ans:
— adaptive
under the biological explanations for influencing gender
development, _______________ differences are said to be a cause,
with high levels of __________________ promoting male-typical
behavior development Ans: — hormonal, testosterone
the cognitive-developmental explanation on gender development
says that children's understanding of gender is constructed
through ________________ with the world and thinking about their
__________________ Ans: — interactions, experiences
the biological perspective on moral development says that the
factors which influence moral development are
____________________, ___________ heritage, and ___________ areas
Ans: — evolutionary, genetic, brain
the cognitive-developmental perspective on moral development
thinks of children as _____________ thinkers about social __________
Ans: — active, rules
babies, even as young as _________ months, have a preference for
the __________ puppet vs. the ____________ puppet Ans: — 3, nicer,
mean
humans develop what kind of mentality very quickly? Ans: — us
vs. them
© 2025 All rights reserved
