Molecular biology test quiz and answers graded A+-

Molecular biology test quiz and
answers graded A+
nucleic acids - ANS✅✅DNA and RNA are examples; so called because they are found in the nucleus
and possess many acidic phosphate groups.



adenine - ANS✅✅one of the four aromatic bases found in DNA and RNA; a purine that pairs with
thymine (in DNA) and uracil (in RNA).



guanine - ANS✅✅one of four aromatic bases found in DNA and RNA; a purine that pairs with
cytosine.



cytosine - ANS✅✅one of four aromatic bases found in DNA and RNA; a pyrimidine that pairs with
guanine.



thymine - ANS✅✅one of four aromatic bases found in DNA and RNA; a pyrimidine that pairs with
adenine.



genome - ANS✅✅all the genetic information in an organism; all of an organisms chromosomes.



chromosome - ANS✅✅a single piece of double-stranded DNA; part of the genome of an organism.



DNA gyrase - ANS✅✅a prokaryotic enzyme used to twist the single circular chromosome of
prokaryotes upon itself to form supercoils.



histones - ANS✅✅globular proteins that assist in DNA packaging in eukaryotes. histones form
octamers around which DNA is wound to form a nucleosome.



nucleosome - ANS✅✅a structure composed of two coils of DNA wrapped around an octet of
histone proteins.



nucleoside - ANS✅✅a structure composed of a ribose molecule linked to one of the aromatic
bases.