NUR 529 MUSCULOSKELETAL ISSUES.
EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS
Anatomy of growing: describe the physes, epiphyses, metaphysics, diaphysis - ANS PHYSES
-AKA Epiphyseal
plate
or growth plate
-Site of linear
growth in the long
bones
-Contributes to the
longitudinal growth
of the individual
bone through a
process called
endochondral
ossification
-Least resistant to
tensile and shear
forces
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
,___________________________
EPIPHYSES
-End of the long
bones
-Covered by
articular cartilage
and form the
associated joints
-initially almost
entirely
cartilaginous and
become
progressively more
ossified during
growth
-bears majority of
attachments of
ligaments
___________________________
METAPHYSIS
-new bone
-undergoing
remodeling
-cortex is thin; less
resistant to
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
,compressive and
bending forces
_____________________________
DIAPHYSIS
-central mature area
of bone
-obtained maximum
strength
-most resistant to
stress
What is the Salter-harris classification? - ANS A classification used to determine epiphyseal
fractures (growth plate) in pediatric patients
We classify fractures different in kids than in adults
Using the Salter-Harris Classification of Epiphyseal Fractures--classify the various growth plate
fractures (1-5) - ANS I - Epiphyseal plate
"straight across)
II - Epiphyseal plate and metaphysis
"above"
III - Epiphyseal plate and epiphysis
"lower or beLow"
IV - Epiphysis, epiphyseal plate, and metaphysis
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
, "two or through"
V - Crush injury to epiphyseal plate
"cRush"
Fractures in the growth plate can really impact growth
Management of Salter-Harris (SH) Epiphyseal Fractures by classification - ANS SH type I and II
-Usually can be managed by closed reduction techniques and do not require perfect alignment;
tend to remodel with growth
__________________________
SH type III and IV
-Involve articular surface and require anatomic alignment to realign the growth cells of the
physis
_____________________________
SH type V
-Usually not diagnosed initially and present with growth disturbances; require extensive
therapy
Risk factors for injuries - ANS 1) Overload/overuse injuries
-VERY common in
pediatrics
-growing bone has
looser periosteum
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS
Anatomy of growing: describe the physes, epiphyses, metaphysics, diaphysis - ANS PHYSES
-AKA Epiphyseal
plate
or growth plate
-Site of linear
growth in the long
bones
-Contributes to the
longitudinal growth
of the individual
bone through a
process called
endochondral
ossification
-Least resistant to
tensile and shear
forces
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
,___________________________
EPIPHYSES
-End of the long
bones
-Covered by
articular cartilage
and form the
associated joints
-initially almost
entirely
cartilaginous and
become
progressively more
ossified during
growth
-bears majority of
attachments of
ligaments
___________________________
METAPHYSIS
-new bone
-undergoing
remodeling
-cortex is thin; less
resistant to
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
,compressive and
bending forces
_____________________________
DIAPHYSIS
-central mature area
of bone
-obtained maximum
strength
-most resistant to
stress
What is the Salter-harris classification? - ANS A classification used to determine epiphyseal
fractures (growth plate) in pediatric patients
We classify fractures different in kids than in adults
Using the Salter-Harris Classification of Epiphyseal Fractures--classify the various growth plate
fractures (1-5) - ANS I - Epiphyseal plate
"straight across)
II - Epiphyseal plate and metaphysis
"above"
III - Epiphyseal plate and epiphysis
"lower or beLow"
IV - Epiphysis, epiphyseal plate, and metaphysis
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
, "two or through"
V - Crush injury to epiphyseal plate
"cRush"
Fractures in the growth plate can really impact growth
Management of Salter-Harris (SH) Epiphyseal Fractures by classification - ANS SH type I and II
-Usually can be managed by closed reduction techniques and do not require perfect alignment;
tend to remodel with growth
__________________________
SH type III and IV
-Involve articular surface and require anatomic alignment to realign the growth cells of the
physis
_____________________________
SH type V
-Usually not diagnosed initially and present with growth disturbances; require extensive
therapy
Risk factors for injuries - ANS 1) Overload/overuse injuries
-VERY common in
pediatrics
-growing bone has
looser periosteum
4 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
