NSG 500: EXAM 2 2025/2026 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
What is the normal RR to HR ratio?
1:4
How much should the lower border of the liver drop with deep breath?
2-3 cm
Distance person is from chart is what a normal person can see at 20 feet
20/20 vision
Abnormal breath sounds
Crackles
Rhonchi
Wheezes
Friction Rub
Mediastinal crunch
What sound indicates COPD/Emphysema or restrictive lung disease?
Decreased diaphragmatic excursion
What are some abnormal findings of aging ears, nose and throat?
Presbycusis
Conductive hearing loss
Abnormal findings of aging eyes
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
,Macular degeneration
Decreased accommodation
Cataracts d/t compressed fibers
What is macular degeneration?
Decreased central vision
How do you detect macular degeneration?
Use Amsler grid
What is decreased accommodation called?
Presbyopia, focusing power
What are abnormal findings of aging in HEENT?
Neck pain
Crepitus
Dizziness
Jerkiness
Limitation of movement
What are abnormal respirations?
Tachypnea
Bradypnea
Hyperpnea
Kussmaul
Hypopnea
Cheyne-Stokes
What are absent bowel sounds?
No sounds after 5 minutes of continuous listening
What does absent bowel sounds mean?
If it's associated with abdominal pain and rigidity, it's a surgical emergency.
What does a normal ear look like?
Uniform pink
Hair on the outer 2/3
Some cerumen
No lesions
No discharge
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
, No foreign bodies
TM is translucent and pearly gray
Landmarks visible
Adult Otoscopic Exam
Pull auricle upward and back
What are the landmarks of the ear?
Umbo
Handle of Malleus
Light Reflex
Concavity at umbo
What is the relationship between AC and BC sound?
Air-conducted should be 2x as long as bone-conducted.
Altered resonance
bronchophony
whispered pectoriloquy
egophony
What does an anterior pointed cervix indicate?
Retroverted uterus
What does a prominent lateral pulsation suggest?
Aortic aneurysm
How do you identify an aortic regurgitation murmur?
Heard with diaphragm with pt sitting and leaning forward.
How can you hear an Austin-Flint murmur?
Heard w/ bell at apex
What is an Austin-Flint murmur?
Severe aortic regurge murmur
Where is an ejection click heard?
In the second intercostal space
What is an aortic stenosis murmur?
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
AND ANSWERS 100% PASS
What is the normal RR to HR ratio?
1:4
How much should the lower border of the liver drop with deep breath?
2-3 cm
Distance person is from chart is what a normal person can see at 20 feet
20/20 vision
Abnormal breath sounds
Crackles
Rhonchi
Wheezes
Friction Rub
Mediastinal crunch
What sound indicates COPD/Emphysema or restrictive lung disease?
Decreased diaphragmatic excursion
What are some abnormal findings of aging ears, nose and throat?
Presbycusis
Conductive hearing loss
Abnormal findings of aging eyes
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
,Macular degeneration
Decreased accommodation
Cataracts d/t compressed fibers
What is macular degeneration?
Decreased central vision
How do you detect macular degeneration?
Use Amsler grid
What is decreased accommodation called?
Presbyopia, focusing power
What are abnormal findings of aging in HEENT?
Neck pain
Crepitus
Dizziness
Jerkiness
Limitation of movement
What are abnormal respirations?
Tachypnea
Bradypnea
Hyperpnea
Kussmaul
Hypopnea
Cheyne-Stokes
What are absent bowel sounds?
No sounds after 5 minutes of continuous listening
What does absent bowel sounds mean?
If it's associated with abdominal pain and rigidity, it's a surgical emergency.
What does a normal ear look like?
Uniform pink
Hair on the outer 2/3
Some cerumen
No lesions
No discharge
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
, No foreign bodies
TM is translucent and pearly gray
Landmarks visible
Adult Otoscopic Exam
Pull auricle upward and back
What are the landmarks of the ear?
Umbo
Handle of Malleus
Light Reflex
Concavity at umbo
What is the relationship between AC and BC sound?
Air-conducted should be 2x as long as bone-conducted.
Altered resonance
bronchophony
whispered pectoriloquy
egophony
What does an anterior pointed cervix indicate?
Retroverted uterus
What does a prominent lateral pulsation suggest?
Aortic aneurysm
How do you identify an aortic regurgitation murmur?
Heard with diaphragm with pt sitting and leaning forward.
How can you hear an Austin-Flint murmur?
Heard w/ bell at apex
What is an Austin-Flint murmur?
Severe aortic regurge murmur
Where is an ejection click heard?
In the second intercostal space
What is an aortic stenosis murmur?
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026.
