HUN 2201 Exam 2 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025-2026
Monosaccharide - Answers single sugars: glucose, galactose and fructose
Disaccharide - Answers maltose, sucrose and lactose
sucrose - Answers glucose + fructose
maltose - Answers glucose + glucose
lactose - Answers glucose + galactose
condensation - Answers 2 molecules are linked by removing a water molecule
hydrolysis - Answers a molecule is split by a water molecule
glycogen - Answers storage form of glucose and provides rapid release of energy
starch - Answers storage form of glucose in plants
dietary fibers - Answers provide structure in plants and can't be broken down by human
enzymes
soluble fibers - Answers viscous and can be digested by intestinal bacteria aka fermented
insoluble fibers - Answers nonviscous and can't be digested by bacteria
resistant starches - Answers escape digestion
phytic acid - Answers bind to some minerals, similar to fiber
dextrins - Answers short glucose chains
fiber - Answers slows glucose absorption and regulates passage of food through the GI tract
salivary amylase - Answers begins starch breakdown in mouth
satiety - Answers feeling of fullness caused by fiber
pancreatic amylase - Answers starch breakdown in small intestine
carbs major site of absorption - Answers small intestine
active transport - Answers glucose and galactose
facilitated diffusion - Answers fructose
prevalence of lactose intolerance - Answers lowest in northern europeans and highest in
southeast Asians and native Americans
, kefir - Answers fermented products
glycobiology - Answers study of sugars
glycogen stored in - Answers liver and muscle cells
gluconeogenesis - Answers protein conversion to glucose
protein-sparing action - Answers when there's enough carbs in the diet to avoid using protein for
energy
ketone bodies - Answers fat fragments are made into these for energy
ketosis - Answers an excess of ketone bodies which upsets the bodies acid-base balance
insulin - Answers moves glucose into the cells and out of the bloodstream
glucoagon - Answers moves glucose into the bloodstream
epinephrine - Answers takes glucose out of storage quickly in times of stress
type 1 diabetes - Answers body produces no insulin
type 2 diabetes - Answers fat cells resist insulin
hypoglycemia - Answers low blood sugar
glycemic response - Answers how quickly the blood glucose rises and elicits an insulin
response
glycemic index - Answers categorizes food based on their response potential, controversial in
its effectiveness
added sugars - Answers should be avoided in the diet
dental caries - Answers caused by bacteria residing in dental plaque and how long sugar is in
contact with teeth
negative effect of sugar - Answers may contribute to heart disease and increase serotonin
levels (addiction)
sugar daily intake - Answers no more than 25%
daily total energy intake from carbs - Answers 45-65%
soluble fiber benefit - Answers lower blood cholesterol and enhance the health of the GI tract
harmful effect of fiber - Answers replaces nutrient-dense foods and interferes with nutrient
absorption
Monosaccharide - Answers single sugars: glucose, galactose and fructose
Disaccharide - Answers maltose, sucrose and lactose
sucrose - Answers glucose + fructose
maltose - Answers glucose + glucose
lactose - Answers glucose + galactose
condensation - Answers 2 molecules are linked by removing a water molecule
hydrolysis - Answers a molecule is split by a water molecule
glycogen - Answers storage form of glucose and provides rapid release of energy
starch - Answers storage form of glucose in plants
dietary fibers - Answers provide structure in plants and can't be broken down by human
enzymes
soluble fibers - Answers viscous and can be digested by intestinal bacteria aka fermented
insoluble fibers - Answers nonviscous and can't be digested by bacteria
resistant starches - Answers escape digestion
phytic acid - Answers bind to some minerals, similar to fiber
dextrins - Answers short glucose chains
fiber - Answers slows glucose absorption and regulates passage of food through the GI tract
salivary amylase - Answers begins starch breakdown in mouth
satiety - Answers feeling of fullness caused by fiber
pancreatic amylase - Answers starch breakdown in small intestine
carbs major site of absorption - Answers small intestine
active transport - Answers glucose and galactose
facilitated diffusion - Answers fructose
prevalence of lactose intolerance - Answers lowest in northern europeans and highest in
southeast Asians and native Americans
, kefir - Answers fermented products
glycobiology - Answers study of sugars
glycogen stored in - Answers liver and muscle cells
gluconeogenesis - Answers protein conversion to glucose
protein-sparing action - Answers when there's enough carbs in the diet to avoid using protein for
energy
ketone bodies - Answers fat fragments are made into these for energy
ketosis - Answers an excess of ketone bodies which upsets the bodies acid-base balance
insulin - Answers moves glucose into the cells and out of the bloodstream
glucoagon - Answers moves glucose into the bloodstream
epinephrine - Answers takes glucose out of storage quickly in times of stress
type 1 diabetes - Answers body produces no insulin
type 2 diabetes - Answers fat cells resist insulin
hypoglycemia - Answers low blood sugar
glycemic response - Answers how quickly the blood glucose rises and elicits an insulin
response
glycemic index - Answers categorizes food based on their response potential, controversial in
its effectiveness
added sugars - Answers should be avoided in the diet
dental caries - Answers caused by bacteria residing in dental plaque and how long sugar is in
contact with teeth
negative effect of sugar - Answers may contribute to heart disease and increase serotonin
levels (addiction)
sugar daily intake - Answers no more than 25%
daily total energy intake from carbs - Answers 45-65%
soluble fiber benefit - Answers lower blood cholesterol and enhance the health of the GI tract
harmful effect of fiber - Answers replaces nutrient-dense foods and interferes with nutrient
absorption
