ESTUDYR
NURS 328 UPDATED EXAM WITH MOST TESTED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | GRADED A+ | ASSURED SUCCESS WITH
DETAILED RATIONALES
Nursing research began with the famous nurse:
A. Mary Seacole
B. B. Florence Nightingale ✔
C. Clara Barton
D. Lillian Wald
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is widely regarded as a pioneer of nursing research and
evidence-based practice.
The source of knowledge in many disciplines that is hardest to challenge is:
A. Science
B. Experience
C. C. Tradition ✔
D. Intuition
Rationale: Tradition is often deeply embedded and resistant to change.
The research type that involves controlled, numerical data collection and analysis is:
A. Qualitative
B. Mixed methods
C. C. Quantitative ✔
D. Historical
Rationale: Quantitative research focuses on numerical measurement and statistical analysis.
The approach involving systematic collection and analysis of narrative materials is:
A. Experimental
B. Cross-sectional
C. C. Qualitative ✔
D. Quasi-experimental
Rationale: Qualitative research examines words, experiences, and meanings.
The approach to knowledge using systematic, controlled procedures is the:
A. Anecdotal approach
B. Humanistic approach
C. C. Scientific approach ✔
,ESTUDYR
D. Traditional approach
Rationale: The scientific approach emphasizes controlled methods and replicability.
Naturalistic inquiry typically takes place in the:
A. Laboratory
B. Clinical trial unit
C. C. Field (real-world setting) ✔
D. Library only
Rationale: Naturalistic/qualitative research is conducted in natural settings.
The term “subject” is most frequently used in:
A. Qualitative studies
B. Mixed-methods equally
C. C. Quantitative research ✔
D. Ethnography
Rationale: Quantitative tradition uses “subjects,” while qualitative uses “participants” or
“informants.”
“Study participant” is used most often in:
A. Only qualitative research
B. Only quantitative research
C. C. Both qualitative and quantitative research ✔
D. Neither type
Rationale: “Participant” is a neutral term used in both designs.
“Informant” is most commonly used in:
A. Quantitative surveys
B. Clinical trials
C. C. Qualitative research ✔
D. Meta-analysis
Rationale: Informant denotes someone providing in-depth qualitative knowledge.
The term “variable” is most frequently used in:
A. Qualitative themes
B. Literary analysis
C. C. Quantitative research ✔
D. Grounded theory only
Rationale: Variables are measurable characteristics used in quantitative studies.
, ESTUDYR
The term “phenomena” is most frequently used in:
A. Clinical trials
B. Statistical modeling
C. C. Qualitative research ✔
D. Systematic reviews
Rationale: Qualitative work studies phenomena — lived experiences and processes.
A “construct” is most frequently used in:
A. Ethnography
B. Content analysis
C. C. Quantitative research ✔
D. Case studies
Rationale: Constructs are theoretical variables operationalized for measurement.
“Theory” is used in:
A. Qualitative studies only
B. Quantitative only
C. C. Both qualitative and quantitative research ✔
D. Neither
Rationale: Theories guide questions and interpretation in both traditions.
“Data” are used in:
A. Qualitative studies only
B. Quantitative only
C. C. Both qualitative and quantitative research ✔
D. Only theoretical papers
Rationale: Both approaches collect and analyze data (textual or numeric).
A variable that is an attribute (e.g., gender) typically applies to:
A. Independent variables only
B. Dependent variables only
C. C. Either/both independent and dependent variables ✔
D. Neither
Rationale: Attributes can characterize predictor or outcome variables.
Which variable requires an operational definition?
A. Only independent variables
B. Only dependent variables
C. C. Either/both independent and dependent variables ✔
NURS 328 UPDATED EXAM WITH MOST TESTED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | GRADED A+ | ASSURED SUCCESS WITH
DETAILED RATIONALES
Nursing research began with the famous nurse:
A. Mary Seacole
B. B. Florence Nightingale ✔
C. Clara Barton
D. Lillian Wald
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is widely regarded as a pioneer of nursing research and
evidence-based practice.
The source of knowledge in many disciplines that is hardest to challenge is:
A. Science
B. Experience
C. C. Tradition ✔
D. Intuition
Rationale: Tradition is often deeply embedded and resistant to change.
The research type that involves controlled, numerical data collection and analysis is:
A. Qualitative
B. Mixed methods
C. C. Quantitative ✔
D. Historical
Rationale: Quantitative research focuses on numerical measurement and statistical analysis.
The approach involving systematic collection and analysis of narrative materials is:
A. Experimental
B. Cross-sectional
C. C. Qualitative ✔
D. Quasi-experimental
Rationale: Qualitative research examines words, experiences, and meanings.
The approach to knowledge using systematic, controlled procedures is the:
A. Anecdotal approach
B. Humanistic approach
C. C. Scientific approach ✔
,ESTUDYR
D. Traditional approach
Rationale: The scientific approach emphasizes controlled methods and replicability.
Naturalistic inquiry typically takes place in the:
A. Laboratory
B. Clinical trial unit
C. C. Field (real-world setting) ✔
D. Library only
Rationale: Naturalistic/qualitative research is conducted in natural settings.
The term “subject” is most frequently used in:
A. Qualitative studies
B. Mixed-methods equally
C. C. Quantitative research ✔
D. Ethnography
Rationale: Quantitative tradition uses “subjects,” while qualitative uses “participants” or
“informants.”
“Study participant” is used most often in:
A. Only qualitative research
B. Only quantitative research
C. C. Both qualitative and quantitative research ✔
D. Neither type
Rationale: “Participant” is a neutral term used in both designs.
“Informant” is most commonly used in:
A. Quantitative surveys
B. Clinical trials
C. C. Qualitative research ✔
D. Meta-analysis
Rationale: Informant denotes someone providing in-depth qualitative knowledge.
The term “variable” is most frequently used in:
A. Qualitative themes
B. Literary analysis
C. C. Quantitative research ✔
D. Grounded theory only
Rationale: Variables are measurable characteristics used in quantitative studies.
, ESTUDYR
The term “phenomena” is most frequently used in:
A. Clinical trials
B. Statistical modeling
C. C. Qualitative research ✔
D. Systematic reviews
Rationale: Qualitative work studies phenomena — lived experiences and processes.
A “construct” is most frequently used in:
A. Ethnography
B. Content analysis
C. C. Quantitative research ✔
D. Case studies
Rationale: Constructs are theoretical variables operationalized for measurement.
“Theory” is used in:
A. Qualitative studies only
B. Quantitative only
C. C. Both qualitative and quantitative research ✔
D. Neither
Rationale: Theories guide questions and interpretation in both traditions.
“Data” are used in:
A. Qualitative studies only
B. Quantitative only
C. C. Both qualitative and quantitative research ✔
D. Only theoretical papers
Rationale: Both approaches collect and analyze data (textual or numeric).
A variable that is an attribute (e.g., gender) typically applies to:
A. Independent variables only
B. Dependent variables only
C. C. Either/both independent and dependent variables ✔
D. Neither
Rationale: Attributes can characterize predictor or outcome variables.
Which variable requires an operational definition?
A. Only independent variables
B. Only dependent variables
C. C. Either/both independent and dependent variables ✔
