FCCN Level 1 Exam Questions And Answers |Latest Updated |2025/2026

FCCN Level 1 Exam Questions And Answers |Latest Updated |2025/2026 minimum urine output for adult - answer-0.5mL/kg/hr ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - answer-- water retainer - vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin) - produced by hypothalamus - store and released from posterior pituitary ADH pathway - answer-- hypothalamus senses low blood volumed and increased serum osmolality - signal pituitary to release ADH - ADH causes kidney to retain water - water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum osmolality ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - answer-- cardiac hormone stored in atria - released when atrial pressure increases *works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing intravascular volume - important diagnostic marker in CHF hydrostatic pressure - answer-- forces fluids and solutes through the capillary wall and into the tissue spacescolloid osmotic pressure - answer-- pulling force of albumin in the intravascular spaces - pull fluid into vasculature maintenance fluid therapy - answer-- replaces normal ongoing losses of water and electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool) replacement therapy - answer-- corrects any existing water and or electrolyte deficits isotonic fluids - answer-- tonicity equal to plasma in the body - no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated - LR - NS - D5W