TEST BANK FOR LEWIS MEDICAL SUGICAL
NURSING 12TH EDITION
,Chapter 01: Professional Nursing
tr tr tr
Harding: Lewis’sMedical-Surgical Nursing, 12th Edition
tr tr tr tr tr
MULTIPLECHOICE tr
1. The nurse completes an admission database and explains that the plan of care and discharge goals
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
willbedeveloped withthepatient‘sinput.Thepatientasks, “Howisthisdifferent from what the phy
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
sician does?” Which response would the nurse provide?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. “Theroleofthenurseistoadministermedicationsandothertreatmentsprescribed by yo
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ur physician.” tr
b. “Inaddition tocaringfor youwhile youaresick,thenurseswill help youplanto maintai
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
n your health.” tr tr
c. “Thenurse‘sjobistocollectinformationandcommunicateanyproblemsthat occu
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
r to the physician.” tr tr tr
d. “Nursesperformmanyofthesameproceduresasthephysician,butnurses are with t tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
he patients for a longer time than the physician.”
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: B tr
TheAmerican Nurses Association (ANA) definition ofnursing describes therole of nurses in prom
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
oting health. The other responses describe dependent and collaborative functions of the nursing ro
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
le but do not accurately describe the nurse‘s unique role in the health care system.
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: CognitiveLevel:Analyze(Analysis)
t r t r tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess: Implementation
t r tr tr t r t r t r MSC: NCLEX: Safeand Effective Care Environment t r tr tr tr tr tr
2. Whichstatement bythe nurse accuratelydescribes the use of evidence-based practice (EBP)?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. “Patientcareisbasedonclinicaljudgment,experience,andtraditions.” tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. “Dataareanalyzed latertoshowthat thepatientoutcomes areconsistentlymet.” tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. “Researchfrom allpublishedarticles areused as aguideforplanningpatientcare.” tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. “Recommendations arebased on research, clinical expertise, and patient pre tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ferences.”
ANS: D tr
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the use of the best research- tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
based evidence combined with clinician expertise and consideration of patient preferences. Clinic
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
al judgment based on the nurse‘s clinical experience is part of EBP, but clinical decision making sh
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ould also incorporate current researchand research-
tr tr tr tr tr tr
based guidelines. Evaluation ofpatient outcomes is important, but data analysis is not required to us
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
e EBP. All published articles do not provide research evidence; interventions should bebased on cre
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
dible research, preferablyrandomized controlled studies with a large number of subjects.
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Planning MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
tr tr tr tr t r tr tr tr tr tr
3. Which statement bythe nurse provides a clear explanation of the nursing process?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. “Thenursingprocessisaresearchmethodofdiagnosingthepatient‘shealthcare probl
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ems.”
b. “Thenursingprocessisusedprimarilytoexplainnursinginterventionstoother healt
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
h care professionals.” tr tr
c. “Thenursingprocessisa problem-solvingtool usedtoidentifyandmanage the
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
, patients‘ health careneeds.” tr tr tr
d. “Thenursingprocessisbasedonnursingtheorythatincorporatesthe biop tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
sychosocial nature of humans.” tr tr tr
ANS: C tr
The nursing process is a problem-
tr tr tr tr tr
solving approach to the identification and treatment of patients‘ problems. Nursing process does n
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ot require research methods for diagnosis. The primaryuse of thenursing process is in patient care, n
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ot to establish nursing theoryor explain nursing interventions to other health care professionals.
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
tr tr tr tr t r tr tr tr tr tr
4. Apatientadmittedtothehospitalforsurgerytellsthenurse,“Idonotfeel comfortable leavin
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
g my children with my parents.” Which action would the nurse take next?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. Reassurethe patient that thesefeelings are common forparents. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. Have the patient call the children to ensure that theyare doing well. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. Gatherinformation on the patient‘s concerns about thechild care arrangements. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. Call thepatient‘s parents to determine whether adequate child careis being prov
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ided.
ANS: C tr
Because a complete assessment is necessary in order to identify a problem and choose an appropri
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ate intervention, the nurse‘s first action should be to obtain more information. The otheractions ma
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ybe appropriate, but more assessment isneeded before the best intervention can be chosen.
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess: Assessment t MSC: NCLEX:Psychosocial Integrity
r tr tr t r tr tr
5. A patient with a bacterial infection is hypovolemic dueto a fever and excessivediaphoresis. Whic
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
h expected outcome would the nurse select for this patient?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. Patienthas abalanced intakeand output. tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. Patient‘s bedding is kept clean and free of moisture. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. Patient understands theneed forincreased fluid intake. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. Patient‘sskin remains cool and drythroughout hospitalization. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: A tr
Balanced intake and output givesmeasurabledata showingresolution ofthe problem of deficient flu
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
id volume. The other statements would not indicate that the problem of hypovolemia was resolved
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
tr tr tr tr t r tr tr
6. Whichstatement describes the purpose of the evaluation phase of the nursing process?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. To document the nursing care plan in the progress notes of the health record
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. Todetermine if interventions havebeen effective in meetingpatient outcomes
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. To decide whether the patient‘s health problems have been completely resolved
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. Toestablish if the patient agrees that the nursing care provided was satisfactory
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: B tr
, Evaluation consists of determining whether the desired patient outcomes have been met and whettr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
her the nursing interventions were appropriate. The other responses do not describe the evaluatio
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
n phase.
tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
t r tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Evaluation tr tr tr tr
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
t r tr tr tr tr tr
7. Whichstatement describes the purpose of the assessment phase of the nursing process?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. Toteach interventions that relieve health problems
tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. To use patient data to evaluate patient care outcomes
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. Toobtain data to diagnose patient strengths and problems
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. To help the patient identifyrealistic outcomes for health problems
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: C tr
During the assessment phase, the nurse gathers information about the patient to diagnose patient str
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
engths and problems. The other responses are examples of the planning, intervention, and evaluati
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
on phases of the nursing process.
tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Understand (Comprehension) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess: Assessment
t MSC: NCLEX: SafeandEffectiveCare Environment
r tr tr t r tr tr tr tr tr
8. When developingthe plan of care, which components would the nurseincludein theclinical proble
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
m statement?
tr
a. Theproblem and the suggested patient goals or outcomes tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. Theproblem, its causes, and the signs and symptoms of the problem
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. Theproblem with the possible etiologyand the planned interventions
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. Theproblem, its pathophysiology, and the expected outcome
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: B tr
When writing clinical problems or nursing diagnoses, the subjective as well as objective data to su
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
pport the problem‘s existenceshould beincluded. Goals, outcomes, and interventions are not includ
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ed in the problem statement.
tr tr tr tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Diagnosis MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
tr tr tr tr t r tr tr tr tr tr
9. Whichpatient caretask would the nursedelegate to experienced assistive personnel (AP)?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. Instruct the patient about the need to alternate activityand rest. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. Monitor level of shortness of breath or fatigue after ambulation. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. Obtainthe patient‘s blood pressure and pulse rate after ambulation. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. Determine whether the patient is readyto increase the activitylevel. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: C tr
APeducationincludes accurate vital sign measurement.Assessment and patient teaching require re
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
gistered nurse education and scope of practice and cannot be delegated.
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Planning MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
tr tr tr tr t r tr tr tr tr tr
NURSING 12TH EDITION
,Chapter 01: Professional Nursing
tr tr tr
Harding: Lewis’sMedical-Surgical Nursing, 12th Edition
tr tr tr tr tr
MULTIPLECHOICE tr
1. The nurse completes an admission database and explains that the plan of care and discharge goals
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
willbedeveloped withthepatient‘sinput.Thepatientasks, “Howisthisdifferent from what the phy
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
sician does?” Which response would the nurse provide?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. “Theroleofthenurseistoadministermedicationsandothertreatmentsprescribed by yo
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ur physician.” tr
b. “Inaddition tocaringfor youwhile youaresick,thenurseswill help youplanto maintai
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
n your health.” tr tr
c. “Thenurse‘sjobistocollectinformationandcommunicateanyproblemsthat occu
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
r to the physician.” tr tr tr
d. “Nursesperformmanyofthesameproceduresasthephysician,butnurses are with t tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
he patients for a longer time than the physician.”
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: B tr
TheAmerican Nurses Association (ANA) definition ofnursing describes therole of nurses in prom
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
oting health. The other responses describe dependent and collaborative functions of the nursing ro
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
le but do not accurately describe the nurse‘s unique role in the health care system.
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: CognitiveLevel:Analyze(Analysis)
t r t r tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess: Implementation
t r tr tr t r t r t r MSC: NCLEX: Safeand Effective Care Environment t r tr tr tr tr tr
2. Whichstatement bythe nurse accuratelydescribes the use of evidence-based practice (EBP)?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. “Patientcareisbasedonclinicaljudgment,experience,andtraditions.” tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. “Dataareanalyzed latertoshowthat thepatientoutcomes areconsistentlymet.” tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. “Researchfrom allpublishedarticles areused as aguideforplanningpatientcare.” tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. “Recommendations arebased on research, clinical expertise, and patient pre tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ferences.”
ANS: D tr
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the use of the best research- tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
based evidence combined with clinician expertise and consideration of patient preferences. Clinic
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
al judgment based on the nurse‘s clinical experience is part of EBP, but clinical decision making sh
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ould also incorporate current researchand research-
tr tr tr tr tr tr
based guidelines. Evaluation ofpatient outcomes is important, but data analysis is not required to us
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
e EBP. All published articles do not provide research evidence; interventions should bebased on cre
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
dible research, preferablyrandomized controlled studies with a large number of subjects.
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Planning MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
tr tr tr tr t r tr tr tr tr tr
3. Which statement bythe nurse provides a clear explanation of the nursing process?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. “Thenursingprocessisaresearchmethodofdiagnosingthepatient‘shealthcare probl
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ems.”
b. “Thenursingprocessisusedprimarilytoexplainnursinginterventionstoother healt
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
h care professionals.” tr tr
c. “Thenursingprocessisa problem-solvingtool usedtoidentifyandmanage the
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
, patients‘ health careneeds.” tr tr tr
d. “Thenursingprocessisbasedonnursingtheorythatincorporatesthe biop tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
sychosocial nature of humans.” tr tr tr
ANS: C tr
The nursing process is a problem-
tr tr tr tr tr
solving approach to the identification and treatment of patients‘ problems. Nursing process does n
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ot require research methods for diagnosis. The primaryuse of thenursing process is in patient care, n
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ot to establish nursing theoryor explain nursing interventions to other health care professionals.
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
tr tr tr tr t r tr tr tr tr tr
4. Apatientadmittedtothehospitalforsurgerytellsthenurse,“Idonotfeel comfortable leavin
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
g my children with my parents.” Which action would the nurse take next?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. Reassurethe patient that thesefeelings are common forparents. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. Have the patient call the children to ensure that theyare doing well. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. Gatherinformation on the patient‘s concerns about thechild care arrangements. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. Call thepatient‘s parents to determine whether adequate child careis being prov
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ided.
ANS: C tr
Because a complete assessment is necessary in order to identify a problem and choose an appropri
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ate intervention, the nurse‘s first action should be to obtain more information. The otheractions ma
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ybe appropriate, but more assessment isneeded before the best intervention can be chosen.
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess: Assessment t MSC: NCLEX:Psychosocial Integrity
r tr tr t r tr tr
5. A patient with a bacterial infection is hypovolemic dueto a fever and excessivediaphoresis. Whic
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
h expected outcome would the nurse select for this patient?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. Patienthas abalanced intakeand output. tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. Patient‘s bedding is kept clean and free of moisture. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. Patient understands theneed forincreased fluid intake. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. Patient‘sskin remains cool and drythroughout hospitalization. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: A tr
Balanced intake and output givesmeasurabledata showingresolution ofthe problem of deficient flu
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
id volume. The other statements would not indicate that the problem of hypovolemia was resolved
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity
tr tr tr tr t r tr tr
6. Whichstatement describes the purpose of the evaluation phase of the nursing process?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. To document the nursing care plan in the progress notes of the health record
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. Todetermine if interventions havebeen effective in meetingpatient outcomes
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. To decide whether the patient‘s health problems have been completely resolved
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. Toestablish if the patient agrees that the nursing care provided was satisfactory
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: B tr
, Evaluation consists of determining whether the desired patient outcomes have been met and whettr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
her the nursing interventions were appropriate. The other responses do not describe the evaluatio
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
n phase.
tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension)
t r tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Evaluation tr tr tr tr
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
t r tr tr tr tr tr
7. Whichstatement describes the purpose of the assessment phase of the nursing process?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. Toteach interventions that relieve health problems
tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. To use patient data to evaluate patient care outcomes
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. Toobtain data to diagnose patient strengths and problems
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. To help the patient identifyrealistic outcomes for health problems
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: C tr
During the assessment phase, the nurse gathers information about the patient to diagnose patient str
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
engths and problems. The other responses are examples of the planning, intervention, and evaluati
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
on phases of the nursing process.
tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: CognitiveLevel: Understand (Comprehension) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess: Assessment
t MSC: NCLEX: SafeandEffectiveCare Environment
r tr tr t r tr tr tr tr tr
8. When developingthe plan of care, which components would the nurseincludein theclinical proble
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
m statement?
tr
a. Theproblem and the suggested patient goals or outcomes tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. Theproblem, its causes, and the signs and symptoms of the problem
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. Theproblem with the possible etiologyand the planned interventions
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. Theproblem, its pathophysiology, and the expected outcome
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: B tr
When writing clinical problems or nursing diagnoses, the subjective as well as objective data to su
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
pport the problem‘s existenceshould beincluded. Goals, outcomes, and interventions are not includ
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ed in the problem statement.
tr tr tr tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Diagnosis MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
tr tr tr tr t r tr tr tr tr tr
9. Whichpatient caretask would the nursedelegate to experienced assistive personnel (AP)?
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
a. Instruct the patient about the need to alternate activityand rest. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
b. Monitor level of shortness of breath or fatigue after ambulation. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
c. Obtainthe patient‘s blood pressure and pulse rate after ambulation. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
d. Determine whether the patient is readyto increase the activitylevel. tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
ANS: C tr
APeducationincludes accurate vital sign measurement.Assessment and patient teaching require re
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
gistered nurse education and scope of practice and cannot be delegated.
tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr tr
DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply (Application) tr tr tr
TOP: NursingProcess:Planning MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment
tr tr tr tr t r tr tr tr tr tr
