Galen NUR 242 – Med-Surg Exam 1 Practice (100 Questions +
Answers) [ACTUAL EXAM] LATEST VERSION [QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS] DETAILED AND VERIFIED FOR
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Section I – Fluids & Electrolytes (1–25)
1. A patient with dehydration has a serum sodium of 150 mEq/L.
Which IV fluid should the nurse anticipate?
A. 0.9 % NS
B. D5 ½ NS
C. 0.45 % NS
D. 3 % NS
Answer: C — Hypotonic solution lowers serum sodium by
hydrating cells.
2. Which finding best indicates fluid overload?
A. Weight gain of 3 lb in 24 h
B. Thirst
C. Dry mucous membranes
D. Hypotension
Answer: A — Rapid weight gain reflects retained fluid.
3. A patient receiving IV 0.9 % NS develops crackles and SOB. What
is priority?
A. Stop infusion
B. Slow rate and notify HCP
C. Administer more fluids
, D. Obtain urine specimen
Answer: B — Decrease infusion, possible fluid overload.
4. Normal serum potassium level:
A. 2–3 mEq/L B. 3.5–5.0 mEq/L C. 5.5–6.5 mEq/L D. 6–8
mEq/L
Answer: B
5. Hypokalemia ECG finding:
A. Peaked T
B. Flat T and U wave
C. Short PR
D. Wide QRS
Answer: B
6. Hyperkalemia treatment includes:
A. Kayexalate
B. Calcium gluconate
C. Insulin with D50
D. All of the above
Answer: D
7. Hypocalcemia classic sign:
A. Muscle flaccidity
B. Chvostek’s sign
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension
Answer: B
8. A patient on furosemide should increase intake of:
A. Bananas and oranges
B. Cheese
C. Fish
D. Green tea
Answer: A — Loop diuretics cause potassium loss.
9. Hypernatremia common cause:
A. Water loss
, B. Excess ADH
C. Fluid overload
D. SIADH
Answer: A
10. Low magnesium can cause:
A. Tetany and seizures
B. Bradycardia
C. Muscle weakness
D. Constipation
Answer: A
11. The most accurate indicator of hydration:
A. Urine color
B. Skin turgor
C. Daily weight
D. Blood pressure
Answer: C
12. Hypervolemia nursing priority:
A. Encourage oral fluids
B. Administer diuretics
C. Give sodium tablets
D. High-sodium diet
Answer: B
13. Hypovolemia expected finding:
A. Bounding pulse
B. Tachycardia and hypotension
C. Crackles
D. JVD
Answer: B
14. Third spacing means:
A. Fluid trapped in interstitial spaces
B. Overhydration
C. Kidney failure
Answers) [ACTUAL EXAM] LATEST VERSION [QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS] DETAILED AND VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS- LATEST UPDATE GRADED A (BRAND
NEW!!)
Section I – Fluids & Electrolytes (1–25)
1. A patient with dehydration has a serum sodium of 150 mEq/L.
Which IV fluid should the nurse anticipate?
A. 0.9 % NS
B. D5 ½ NS
C. 0.45 % NS
D. 3 % NS
Answer: C — Hypotonic solution lowers serum sodium by
hydrating cells.
2. Which finding best indicates fluid overload?
A. Weight gain of 3 lb in 24 h
B. Thirst
C. Dry mucous membranes
D. Hypotension
Answer: A — Rapid weight gain reflects retained fluid.
3. A patient receiving IV 0.9 % NS develops crackles and SOB. What
is priority?
A. Stop infusion
B. Slow rate and notify HCP
C. Administer more fluids
, D. Obtain urine specimen
Answer: B — Decrease infusion, possible fluid overload.
4. Normal serum potassium level:
A. 2–3 mEq/L B. 3.5–5.0 mEq/L C. 5.5–6.5 mEq/L D. 6–8
mEq/L
Answer: B
5. Hypokalemia ECG finding:
A. Peaked T
B. Flat T and U wave
C. Short PR
D. Wide QRS
Answer: B
6. Hyperkalemia treatment includes:
A. Kayexalate
B. Calcium gluconate
C. Insulin with D50
D. All of the above
Answer: D
7. Hypocalcemia classic sign:
A. Muscle flaccidity
B. Chvostek’s sign
C. Bradycardia
D. Hypertension
Answer: B
8. A patient on furosemide should increase intake of:
A. Bananas and oranges
B. Cheese
C. Fish
D. Green tea
Answer: A — Loop diuretics cause potassium loss.
9. Hypernatremia common cause:
A. Water loss
, B. Excess ADH
C. Fluid overload
D. SIADH
Answer: A
10. Low magnesium can cause:
A. Tetany and seizures
B. Bradycardia
C. Muscle weakness
D. Constipation
Answer: A
11. The most accurate indicator of hydration:
A. Urine color
B. Skin turgor
C. Daily weight
D. Blood pressure
Answer: C
12. Hypervolemia nursing priority:
A. Encourage oral fluids
B. Administer diuretics
C. Give sodium tablets
D. High-sodium diet
Answer: B
13. Hypovolemia expected finding:
A. Bounding pulse
B. Tachycardia and hypotension
C. Crackles
D. JVD
Answer: B
14. Third spacing means:
A. Fluid trapped in interstitial spaces
B. Overhydration
C. Kidney failure
