Chap 01 7e - Myers
Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. To make sure a new scientific finding is reliable, psychological researchers are most likely to engage in:
a. naturalistic observation.
b. random sampling.
c. replication.
d. positive correlation.
ANSWER: c
2. Which subfield of psychology studies factors that promote or impair our well-being?
a. health psychology
b. social psychology
c. industrial-organizational psychology
d. biological psychology
ANSWER: a
3. Debunking misinformation involves:
a. challenging false information with clear facts.
b. ignoring misinformation.
c. using emotions rather than evidence.
d. banning all discussions about misinformation.
ANSWER: a
4. Which school of thought in psychology focused on the components and organization of the human mind?
a. functionalism
b. behaviorism
c. structuralism
d. humanism
ANSWER: c
5. Recognizing that our explanations for our own and others' behaviors may be incorrect best illustrates an
element of the scientific attitude known as:
a. practicality.
b. self-control.
c. humility.
d. curiosity.
ANSWER: c
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Myers
6. Who was the American philosopher who wrote psychology's first textbook in 1890?
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. John B. Watson
c. Sigmund Freud
d. William James
ANSWER: d
7. When provided with three word puzzles, people underestimated the time it would take to unscramble the
anagrams. This best illustrates:
a. confounding variables.
b. random assignment.
c. wording effects.
d. overconfidence.
ANSWER: d
8. Eun's stockbroker informed him that she lost substantial investment value. When Eun told his wife, his wife
angrily responded, "I could have told you that your investment plan would fail!" Eun's wife's comment best
illustrates:
a. hindsight bias.
b. debriefing.
c. the placebo effect.
d. replication.
ANSWER: a
9. The first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology later wrote an influential book, The Animal Mind. Her
name was:
a. Mary Whiton Calkins.
b. Rosalie Rayner.
c. Margaret Floy Washburn.
d. Jean Piaget.
ANSWER: c
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Myers
10. Professor Arnaz has used correlational research to examine the relationship between drinking alcohol and
mental illness. His findings reveal a strong correlation between the variables, concluding that drinking alcohol
causes mental illness. As a critical thinker, what is the most appropriate response to Professor Arnaz's
conclusion?
a. question the validity of drawing this conclusion from correlational evidence
b. accept the correlation as evidence of causation
c. disregard the findings, since correlational research is unreliable
d. completely redesign his study to ensure validity
ANSWER: a
11. All subfields and perspectives within psychology aim to:
a. study the brain circuits that underlie behavior.
b. describe and explain behavior and the mind underlying it.
c. analyze how certain characteristics aided our ancestors.
d. understand how our interpretation of environmental conditions affects our experiences.
ANSWER: b
12. Which female scholar was denied a formal Ph.D. degree despite outscoring all male students on the Ph.D.
exams at Harvard University in the late nineteenth century?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Rosalie Rayner
c. Mary Whiton Calkins
d. Anna Freud
ANSWER: c
13. Which researcher is likely a behavior geneticist?
a. Dr. Sherck, who examines how individuals are different based on variations in their heredity and
environment
b. Dr. Fuentes, who treats patients with psychological disorders
c. Dr. Rowley, who helps people cope with everyday challenges and crises to improve their personal
and social functioning
d. Dr. Burnell, who examines how individuals are similar based on their common biology and
evolutionary history
ANSWER: a
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Myers
14. Which of these is a conditioned behavior that can be observed?
a. anxiety
b. intelligence
c. depression
d. crying
ANSWER: d
15. Humanistic psychologists such as _____ emphasized human growth potential.
a. Wundt and Washburn
b. Freud and James
c. Rogers and Maslow
d. Watson and Skinner
ANSWER: c
16. A hypothesis is a(n):
a. observable relationship between specific independent and dependent variables.
b. testable prediction that gives direction to research.
c. set of principles that organizes observations and explains newly discovered facts.
d. unprovable assumption about the processes that underlie psychological functioning.
ANSWER: b
17. Researchers make no effort to manipulate or control variables when they engage in:
a. naturalistic observation.
b. the double-blind procedure.
c. replication.
d. experimentation.
ANSWER: a
18. A functionalist psychologist is studying problem solving in toddlers. Based on the principles of functionalism,
which of these research questions best aligns with this perspective?
a. How does problem solving in toddlers help them adapt to their environment and improve their
chances of survival?
b. How does brain activity change when toddlers engage in problem-solving tasks?
c. What unconscious motives drive toddlers to solve problems in specific ways?
d. How do toddlers' emotional needs influence their approach to problem solving?
ANSWER: a
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Indicate the answer choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. To make sure a new scientific finding is reliable, psychological researchers are most likely to engage in:
a. naturalistic observation.
b. random sampling.
c. replication.
d. positive correlation.
ANSWER: c
2. Which subfield of psychology studies factors that promote or impair our well-being?
a. health psychology
b. social psychology
c. industrial-organizational psychology
d. biological psychology
ANSWER: a
3. Debunking misinformation involves:
a. challenging false information with clear facts.
b. ignoring misinformation.
c. using emotions rather than evidence.
d. banning all discussions about misinformation.
ANSWER: a
4. Which school of thought in psychology focused on the components and organization of the human mind?
a. functionalism
b. behaviorism
c. structuralism
d. humanism
ANSWER: c
5. Recognizing that our explanations for our own and others' behaviors may be incorrect best illustrates an
element of the scientific attitude known as:
a. practicality.
b. self-control.
c. humility.
d. curiosity.
ANSWER: c
Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Myers
6. Who was the American philosopher who wrote psychology's first textbook in 1890?
a. Wilhelm Wundt
b. John B. Watson
c. Sigmund Freud
d. William James
ANSWER: d
7. When provided with three word puzzles, people underestimated the time it would take to unscramble the
anagrams. This best illustrates:
a. confounding variables.
b. random assignment.
c. wording effects.
d. overconfidence.
ANSWER: d
8. Eun's stockbroker informed him that she lost substantial investment value. When Eun told his wife, his wife
angrily responded, "I could have told you that your investment plan would fail!" Eun's wife's comment best
illustrates:
a. hindsight bias.
b. debriefing.
c. the placebo effect.
d. replication.
ANSWER: a
9. The first woman to receive a Ph.D. in psychology later wrote an influential book, The Animal Mind. Her
name was:
a. Mary Whiton Calkins.
b. Rosalie Rayner.
c. Margaret Floy Washburn.
d. Jean Piaget.
ANSWER: c
Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Myers
10. Professor Arnaz has used correlational research to examine the relationship between drinking alcohol and
mental illness. His findings reveal a strong correlation between the variables, concluding that drinking alcohol
causes mental illness. As a critical thinker, what is the most appropriate response to Professor Arnaz's
conclusion?
a. question the validity of drawing this conclusion from correlational evidence
b. accept the correlation as evidence of causation
c. disregard the findings, since correlational research is unreliable
d. completely redesign his study to ensure validity
ANSWER: a
11. All subfields and perspectives within psychology aim to:
a. study the brain circuits that underlie behavior.
b. describe and explain behavior and the mind underlying it.
c. analyze how certain characteristics aided our ancestors.
d. understand how our interpretation of environmental conditions affects our experiences.
ANSWER: b
12. Which female scholar was denied a formal Ph.D. degree despite outscoring all male students on the Ph.D.
exams at Harvard University in the late nineteenth century?
a. Margaret Floy Washburn
b. Rosalie Rayner
c. Mary Whiton Calkins
d. Anna Freud
ANSWER: c
13. Which researcher is likely a behavior geneticist?
a. Dr. Sherck, who examines how individuals are different based on variations in their heredity and
environment
b. Dr. Fuentes, who treats patients with psychological disorders
c. Dr. Rowley, who helps people cope with everyday challenges and crises to improve their personal
and social functioning
d. Dr. Burnell, who examines how individuals are similar based on their common biology and
evolutionary history
ANSWER: a
Page 3
, Name: Class: Date:
Chap 01 7e - Myers
14. Which of these is a conditioned behavior that can be observed?
a. anxiety
b. intelligence
c. depression
d. crying
ANSWER: d
15. Humanistic psychologists such as _____ emphasized human growth potential.
a. Wundt and Washburn
b. Freud and James
c. Rogers and Maslow
d. Watson and Skinner
ANSWER: c
16. A hypothesis is a(n):
a. observable relationship between specific independent and dependent variables.
b. testable prediction that gives direction to research.
c. set of principles that organizes observations and explains newly discovered facts.
d. unprovable assumption about the processes that underlie psychological functioning.
ANSWER: b
17. Researchers make no effort to manipulate or control variables when they engage in:
a. naturalistic observation.
b. the double-blind procedure.
c. replication.
d. experimentation.
ANSWER: a
18. A functionalist psychologist is studying problem solving in toddlers. Based on the principles of functionalism,
which of these research questions best aligns with this perspective?
a. How does problem solving in toddlers help them adapt to their environment and improve their
chances of survival?
b. How does brain activity change when toddlers engage in problem-solving tasks?
c. What unconscious motives drive toddlers to solve problems in specific ways?
d. How do toddlers' emotional needs influence their approach to problem solving?
ANSWER: a
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