NGR6141 Advanced Patho Exam 2 – Questions With
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Terms in this set (36)
- It is the first line of defense, regulates body temp,
immune response
- provides a protective barrier between the host and
the outside environment, and the linings of the internal
body organs help absorb substances into the body,
1a. How does the skin
excrete waste products, and secrete substances into
protect us against antigens
body cavities.
in the environment?
- this tissue covers most internal and external surfaces
of the body.
1b. What kinds of cells play
- The functions include protection, absorption,
a role in this process?
secretion, and excretion
- provide biochemical barriers by synthesizing and
secreting substances meant to trap of destroy
microorganisms. i.e. Mucus, earwax, goblet cells, saliva,
tears.
- Keratinocytes - produce keratin (scleroprotein -
protection from stress)
1c. What kinds of epidermal - Melanocyte - produces melanin, shields UV radiation,
cells play a role in the determines skin color
protecting us from - Langerhans Cells - migrate from bone marrow, initiates
antigens? immune response with dendrites
- Merkel Cells - "touch receptors" slowly adapting
mechanoreceptors
, - Fibroblasts - generate connective tissue, for wound
healing
- Mast Cells - release histamine, hypersensitivity and
1d. What kinds of dermal
immune FX
cells play a role in the
- Magrophanges - Phagocytotic, partial role in immune
protecting us from
response, wound healing
antigens?
- Histocytes - in loose connective tissue,
Machrophange, phagocytes pigments and debris of
inflammation
- Nails: protective keratinized plates
1e. Other types of 'skin' cells - Sebaceous Glands: secrete sebum, oils skin/hair,
that protect us from prevents drying
antigens? - Eccrine Sweat Glands: thermoregulate/ cool the body,
evaporation
- Allergan comes into contact with the skin bound to a
2. In allergic contact carrier protein, forming a hapten-specific sensitizing
dermatitis, how does the antigen
body recognize the - Langerhans cells process antigen and carry it to T-
antigen? Think about how Cells
the immune response and - T-Cells become sensitized to antigen, releasing
the cells involved. cytokines and chemokine leading to leukocyte
infiltration and inflammation
- A condition known as RINGWORM that is a fungal
infection of the skin caused by Trichophyton or
mircosporum, classified according to the location.
results in a circular, clearly circumscribed, mildly
3. What is Tinea Corpis? erythematous (pink to red) scaly patches with a slightly
elevated "ring-like" boarder, rash and itching or areas no
covered by hair
- Commonly found on scalp, feet, face, hands and groin
Source: kittens, puppies, lesion to lesion contact
- A chronic hereditary skin disease characterized by
intense itching inflamed skin which causes redness
4. What are signs and
swelling cracking crusting and scaling. Aka Atopic
symptoms of atopic
Eczema. Severe Puritis
dermatitis?
- Lichenification - thickening of the epidermis from
constant itching and scar tissue formation
, a) Malignant bone forming tumor, most often in bone
5. Where do these cancers marrow.
originate: (chap 12 p367)
b) CA from epithelial cells, surface, tumor of skin
a) Osteogenic sarcoma -
c) CA from Mesenchymal origin, Granular leukocytes
b) Basal cell carcinoma - and precursors, slow proliferation of malignant cells,
located in bone marrow
c) Multiple myeloma -
d) CA from Glandular or ductal epithelium, tumor from
d) Adenocarcinoma - from epithelial cells with a glandular patterns, effects
ducts and glands
- biochemical markers that are sensitive to specific
types of tumors and are used to screen, diagnosed,
assess the prognosis and treatment, and monitor
reoccurrences.
6. What is meant by tumor found in the blood, CSF and urine.
cell markers? (Mod 8a - - produced by benign or malignant tumors
p372) - include hormones, enzymes, genes, antigens,
antibodies
example: Liver and Germ cell tumors - secrete alpha
fetoprotein into blood; Prostate Tumors secrete PSA
into blood stream
- Active processes by which cells self-destruct in
normal and pathological tissues.
This self-destruct mechanism, is triggered by diverse
stimuli, including normal development and excessive
growth (see Chapter 2).
- Death by apoptosis causes loss of cells in many
pathologic states including the following: severe cell
7. Describe apoptosis: injury, accumulation of misfiled proteins, infection (viral
(chap 2 p 92) mostly) and obstruction in tissue ducts
- Increased apoptosis is known to occur in several
neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic injury (such as
myocardial infarction and stroke), and death of virus-
infected cells in many viral infections.
- The pathway to apoptosis is often disabled in
advanced cancers.
- Induced by Tumor Suppressor Gene (p 53)
Right Solutions
Save
Terms in this set (36)
- It is the first line of defense, regulates body temp,
immune response
- provides a protective barrier between the host and
the outside environment, and the linings of the internal
body organs help absorb substances into the body,
1a. How does the skin
excrete waste products, and secrete substances into
protect us against antigens
body cavities.
in the environment?
- this tissue covers most internal and external surfaces
of the body.
1b. What kinds of cells play
- The functions include protection, absorption,
a role in this process?
secretion, and excretion
- provide biochemical barriers by synthesizing and
secreting substances meant to trap of destroy
microorganisms. i.e. Mucus, earwax, goblet cells, saliva,
tears.
- Keratinocytes - produce keratin (scleroprotein -
protection from stress)
1c. What kinds of epidermal - Melanocyte - produces melanin, shields UV radiation,
cells play a role in the determines skin color
protecting us from - Langerhans Cells - migrate from bone marrow, initiates
antigens? immune response with dendrites
- Merkel Cells - "touch receptors" slowly adapting
mechanoreceptors
, - Fibroblasts - generate connective tissue, for wound
healing
- Mast Cells - release histamine, hypersensitivity and
1d. What kinds of dermal
immune FX
cells play a role in the
- Magrophanges - Phagocytotic, partial role in immune
protecting us from
response, wound healing
antigens?
- Histocytes - in loose connective tissue,
Machrophange, phagocytes pigments and debris of
inflammation
- Nails: protective keratinized plates
1e. Other types of 'skin' cells - Sebaceous Glands: secrete sebum, oils skin/hair,
that protect us from prevents drying
antigens? - Eccrine Sweat Glands: thermoregulate/ cool the body,
evaporation
- Allergan comes into contact with the skin bound to a
2. In allergic contact carrier protein, forming a hapten-specific sensitizing
dermatitis, how does the antigen
body recognize the - Langerhans cells process antigen and carry it to T-
antigen? Think about how Cells
the immune response and - T-Cells become sensitized to antigen, releasing
the cells involved. cytokines and chemokine leading to leukocyte
infiltration and inflammation
- A condition known as RINGWORM that is a fungal
infection of the skin caused by Trichophyton or
mircosporum, classified according to the location.
results in a circular, clearly circumscribed, mildly
3. What is Tinea Corpis? erythematous (pink to red) scaly patches with a slightly
elevated "ring-like" boarder, rash and itching or areas no
covered by hair
- Commonly found on scalp, feet, face, hands and groin
Source: kittens, puppies, lesion to lesion contact
- A chronic hereditary skin disease characterized by
intense itching inflamed skin which causes redness
4. What are signs and
swelling cracking crusting and scaling. Aka Atopic
symptoms of atopic
Eczema. Severe Puritis
dermatitis?
- Lichenification - thickening of the epidermis from
constant itching and scar tissue formation
, a) Malignant bone forming tumor, most often in bone
5. Where do these cancers marrow.
originate: (chap 12 p367)
b) CA from epithelial cells, surface, tumor of skin
a) Osteogenic sarcoma -
c) CA from Mesenchymal origin, Granular leukocytes
b) Basal cell carcinoma - and precursors, slow proliferation of malignant cells,
located in bone marrow
c) Multiple myeloma -
d) CA from Glandular or ductal epithelium, tumor from
d) Adenocarcinoma - from epithelial cells with a glandular patterns, effects
ducts and glands
- biochemical markers that are sensitive to specific
types of tumors and are used to screen, diagnosed,
assess the prognosis and treatment, and monitor
reoccurrences.
6. What is meant by tumor found in the blood, CSF and urine.
cell markers? (Mod 8a - - produced by benign or malignant tumors
p372) - include hormones, enzymes, genes, antigens,
antibodies
example: Liver and Germ cell tumors - secrete alpha
fetoprotein into blood; Prostate Tumors secrete PSA
into blood stream
- Active processes by which cells self-destruct in
normal and pathological tissues.
This self-destruct mechanism, is triggered by diverse
stimuli, including normal development and excessive
growth (see Chapter 2).
- Death by apoptosis causes loss of cells in many
pathologic states including the following: severe cell
7. Describe apoptosis: injury, accumulation of misfiled proteins, infection (viral
(chap 2 p 92) mostly) and obstruction in tissue ducts
- Increased apoptosis is known to occur in several
neurodegenerative diseases, ischemic injury (such as
myocardial infarction and stroke), and death of virus-
infected cells in many viral infections.
- The pathway to apoptosis is often disabled in
advanced cancers.
- Induced by Tumor Suppressor Gene (p 53)
