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What are the 4 parts to a patient's medical history? ✔Correct Answer-chief complaint (CC), history
of present illness (HPI), Past, Family and Social History (PFSH), and review of systems (ROS)
Vital signs reflect the functions of what three body processes necessary for life? ✔Correct Answer-
body temperature, respiration and heart function
what are the 4 vital signs of body function? ✔Correct Answer-temperature, pulse, respiration and
blood pressure
Give the normal temp ranges for the following sites: rectal, oral, axillary and tympanic membrane?
✔Correct Answer-rectal 98.6-100
oral 97.6-99.6
axillary 96.6-98.6
tympanic 9.8.6
febrile v afebrile ✔Correct Answer-febrile is the presence of fever, afebrile is absence of fever
3 types of fever? ✔Correct Answer-intermittent, remittent and continuous
oral temperature is not taken from which patients? ✔Correct Answer-infants and children less than
6 yo, patients who had face, neck nose or mouth surgery, those receiving oxygen, patients w altered
mental status and others
how long should you wait for patients who just finished eating drinking or smoking to take temp?
✔Correct Answer-30 minutes
What method of taking temp is the least accurate? ✔Correct Answer-axillary (underarm)
normal adult pulse range ✔Correct Answer-60-100 BPM
what is the site most commonly used for taking pulse? ✔Correct Answer-radial artery in wrist
normal range for adults respiration? ✔Correct Answer-12-20 per minute
what are 3 respiration rate abnormalities? ✔Correct Answer-apnea- temporary complete absence
of breathing
tachypnea- rate > 40.min
bradypnea- decease in number of respirations
What are to abnormalities in respiratory rhythm? ✔Correct Answer-Cheyne-Stokes- regular pattern
of irregular breathing rate
Orthopnea- difficult to breathe unless in upwright position
,what does depth of respiration refer to? ✔Correct Answer-amount of air that is inspired and
expired during respiration
what are three abnormalities in depth of respirations? ✔Correct Answer-hypoventilation-reduced
amt of air enters lungs
hypernea- abnormal inc in depth and rate of breathing
hyperventilation- increased amt of air entering lungs
Define blood pressure ✔Correct Answer-measurement of the amt of force exerted by the blood on
the peripheral arterial walls and is expressed in mmHg
BP consists of what 2 components? ✔Correct Answer-highest (systole) and lowest (diastole) amt of
pressure exerted during cardiac cycle
Name some common errors in blood pressure measurmens ✔Correct Answer-improper cuff size,
arm is not at heart level, cuff not deflated, improper cuff placement
anthropometric refers to what? ✔Correct Answer-comparative measurements of the bdoy
What are the 4 principles of physical examination? ✔Correct Answer-inspection, palpation,
percussion, ausculatationq
to make a diagnosis the physician utilizes what 3 sources? ✔Correct Answer-patient's health
history, physical exam, and lab tests
horizontal recumbent position ✔Correct Answer-used for most physical exams
dorsal recumbent position ✔Correct Answer-
fowler's position ✔Correct Answer-used to promote drainage or ease breathing
dorsal lithotomy position ✔Correct Answer-used for exam of pelvic orgns
prone position ✔Correct Answer-used to examine spine and back
Sim's position ✔Correct Answer-used for rectal examination
knee-chest position ✔Correct Answer-used for rectal and vaginal exams
trendelenburg position ✔Correct Answer-used for surgical procedures of pelvis and abdomen
Which organization is responsible for the identification of the various hazards present in the
workplace and for the creation of rules and regulation to minimize exposure to hazards? ✔Correct
Answer-Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
What are the 3 categories for safety hazards? ✔Correct Answer-physical hazards, chemical hazards,
biological hazards
for an external hemorrhage how is bleeding controlled? ✔Correct Answer-elevating the affected
part above heart level and applying direct pressure to the wound
, when does shock occur? ✔Correct Answer-when there is insuffcient return of blood flow to the
heart, resulting in inadequate supply of oxygen
what are the common symptoms of shock? ✔Correct Answer-pale, cold clammy skin, rapid weak
pulse, increased shallow breathing rate, expressionless face
first aid for shcok ✔Correct Answer-maintain an open airway, call for assistance, keep victim lying
dow, attempt to control cause of shock
what are agents? ✔Correct Answer-infectious microorganisms that can be classified into groups
portal of exit and portal of entry ✔Correct Answer-portal of exit is the method by which infectious
agent leaves its resevoir; portal of entry allows infectious agent access to suceptible host
mode of transmition ✔Correct Answer-specific ways in which microorganisms travel from resevoir
to susceptible host. 5 main types: contact, droplet, airborne, common vehicle and vectorborne
define medical asepsis ✔Correct Answer-the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms after they
leave the body
what procedure is used in medical aspesis using various chemicals that can destroy pathogenic
microorganisms? ✔Correct Answer-disinfection
what is the least expensive and most readily available disenfection? ✔Correct Answer-a 1:10
solution of household beach
4 methods of sterilization ✔Correct Answer-gas sterilization, dry heat sterilization, chemcial and
steam (autoclave)
what is the most important means of preventing the spread of infection? ✔Correct Answer-hand
washing
what are the 3 categories of isolation? ✔Correct Answer-contact precautions, airborne precautions
and droplet percautions
po (abb) ✔Correct Answer-by mouth/orally
pr (abb) ✔Correct Answer-per rectum
sl (abb) ✔Correct Answer-sublingual (under tongue)
SQ (abb) ✔Correct Answer-subcutaneous
pc (abb) ✔Correct Answer-after meals
qhs (abb) ✔Correct Answer-each night
prn (abb) ✔Correct Answer-as needed
The heart is located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs in what space? ✔Correct Answer-
mediastenum, just behind the sternum