PEDIATRICS HESI PRACTICE EXAM 2025/2
7 7 7 7
026 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETED & VER
7 7 7 7 7
IFIED SOLUTIONS.
7
The7nurse7is7giving7preoperative7instructions7to7a714-
year7old7female7client7who7is7scheduled7for7surgery7to7correct7a7spinal7curvature.7Whic
h7statement7by7the7client7best7demonstrates7that7learning7has7taken7place?7
A.7I7will7read7all7the7literature7you7gave7me7before7surgery.
B.7I7have7had7surgery7before7when7I7broke7my7wrist7in7a7bike7accident,7so7I7know7what7
to7expect.
C.7All7the7things7people7have7told7me7will7help7me7take7care7of7my7back.7
D.7I7understand7that7I7will7be7in7a7body7cast7and7I7will7show7you7how7you7taught7me7to7t
urn.7-7correct7answer✔ ✔
D.7I7understand7that7I7will7be7in7a7body7cast7and7I7will7show7you7how7you7taught7me7t
o7turn.
Outcome7of7learning7is7best7demonstrated7when7the7client7not7only7verbalizes7an7under
standing,7but7also7can7provide7a7return7demonstration.7A714-
year7old7may7or7may7not7follow7through7with7reading7material7and7there7is7no7way7of7m
easuring7that7way7of7learning.7Have7a7previous7surgery7may7help7the7client7understand
the7surgical7process,7but7wrist7surgery7is7very7different7from7spinal7surgery7and7emerg
7
ency7surgery7is7different7than7elective7surgery.7In7(C),7the7client7may7be7saying7what7th
e7nurse7wants7to7hear,7without7expressing7any7real7understanding7of7what7to7do7after7s
urgery.
To7take7the7vital7signs7of7a74-
month7old7child,7which7order7will7give7the7most7accurate7results?7
,A.7Respiratory7rate,7heart7rate,7then7rectal7temperature
B.7Heart7rate,7rectal7temperature,7then7respiratory7rate.
C.7Rectal7temperature,7heart7rate,7then7respiratory7rate
D.7Rectal7temperature,7respiratory7rate,7then7heart7rate7-7correct7answer✔ ✔
A.7Respiratory7rate,7heart7rate,7then7rectal7temperature
The7respiratory7rate7should7be7taken7first7in7infants,7since7touching7them7or7performing7
unpleasant7procedures7usually7makes7them7cry,7elevating7the7heart7rate7and7making7re
spirations7difficult7to7count.7Rectal7temperature7is7the7most7invasive7procedure,7and7is7
mot7likely7to7precipitate7crying,7so7should7be7done7last.
During7routine7screening7at7a7school7clinic,7an7otoscope7examination7of7a7child's7ear7re
veals7a7tympanic7membrane7that7is7pearly7gray,7slightly7bulging,7and7not7movable.7Wha
t7action7should7the7nurse7take7next?7
A.7No7action7required,7as7this7is7an7expected7finding7for7a7school-aged7child
B.7Ask7the7child7if7he/she7has7had7a7cold,7runny7nose,7or7any7ear7pain7lately.
C.7Send7a7note7home7advising7the7parents7to7have7the7child7evaluated7by7a7healthcare7
provider7as7soon7as7possible.
d.7Call7the7parents7and7have7them7take7the7child7home7from7school7for7the7rest7of7the7d
ay.7-7correct7answer✔ ✔
B.7Ask7the7child7if7he/she7has7had7a7cold,7runny7nose,7or7any7ear7pain7lately.
More7information7is7needed7to7interpret7these7findings.7The7tympanic7membrane7is7nor
mally7pearly7gray,7not7bulging,7and7moves7when7the7client7blows7against7resistance7or7
a7small7puff7of7air7is7blown7into7the7ear7canal.7Since7this7child's7findings7are7not7comple
tely7normal,7further7assessment7of7history7and7related7signs7and7symptoms7is7indicated
for7accurate7interpretation7of7the7findings.7(A),7(C),7and7(D)7are7inappropriate7actions7b
7
ased7on7the7data7obtained7from7the7otoscope7examination.
Which7restraint7should7be7used7for7a7toddler7after7a7cleft7palate7repair?7
A.7clove7hitch
,B.7Mummy
C.7elbow
D.7jacket7-7correct7answer✔ ✔ C.7elbow
Elbow7restraints
Elbow7restraints7prevent7children7from7bending7their7arms7and7bringing7their7hands7to7t
he7oral7surgical7site.7A7clove7hitch7restrains7the7hands,7but7the7child7can7bend7and7brin
g7their7head7to7their7hands.7A7mummy7restraint7is7used7during7procedures.7A7jacket7res
traint7restrains7the7body7torso7and7is7not7appropriate.
What7preoperative7nursing7intervention7should7be7included7in7the7plan7of7care7for7an7inf
ant7with7pyloric7stenosis?7
A.7Monitor7for7signs7of7metabolic7acidosis.
B.7estimate7the7quantity7of7diarrhea7stools.
C.7place7in7a7supine7position7after7feeding
D.7observe7for7projectile7vomiting.7-7correct7answer✔ ✔
D.7observe7for7projectile7vomiting.
Projectile7vomiting7which7contributes7to7metabolic7alkalosis,7is7the7classic7sign7of7pylori
c7stenosis.7Estimating7the7quantity7of7diarrhea7stools7is7not7indicated.7Placing7the7child7
in7a7supine7position7is7dangerous7due7to7the7potential7for7aspiration7with7frequent7vomiti
ng.
A7six-month-
old7returns7from7surgery7with7elbow7restraints7in7place.7What7nursing7care7should7be7in
cluded7when7caring7for7any7restrained7child?7
A.7keep7restraints7on7at7all7times.7
B.7remove7restraints7one7at7a7time7and7provide7range7of7motion7exercises
C.7Remove7all7restraints7simultaneously7and7provide7lay7activities
, D.7renew7the7healthcare7provider's7prescription7for7restraints7every7727hours.7-
correct7answer✔ ✔
7
B.7remove7restraints7one7at7a7time7and7provide7range7of7motion7exercises
Removing7restraints7one7at7a7time7is7safer7than7removing7all7of7them7at7once.7The7child
needs7to7exercise7and7should7not7be7kept7in7restraints7at7all7times.7The7renewal7of7the7
7
healthcare7provider's7prescription7varies7with7hospitals7and7it7does7not7really7answer7th
e7question.
A72-
year7old7child7with7Down7syndrome7is7brought7to7the7clinic7for7his7regular7physical7exa
mination.7The7nurse7knows7which7problem7is7frequently7associated7with7Down7syndrom
e?7
A.7congenital7heart7disease
B.7fragile7x-chromosome
C.7trisomy713
D.7pyloric7stenosis7-7correct7answer✔ ✔ A.7congenital7heart7disease
Congenital7heart7disease7is7the7most7common7associated7defect7in7children7with7Down7
syndrome.7Trisomy7137my7have7seemed7possible7since7Down7syndrome7is7a7trisomal7c
hromosomal7abnormality7o7chromosome721.7Fragile7x-chromosome7is7a7sex-
linked7abnormality7also7causing7mental7retardation.7Pyloric7stenosis7is7not7associated7w
ith7Down7syndrome.
When7assessing7a7child7with7asthma,7the7nurse7should7expect7intercostal7retractions7d
uring
A.7inspiration
B.7coughing
C.7apneic7episodes
D.7expiration7-7correct7answer✔ ✔ A.7inspiration
7 7 7 7
026 QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETED & VER
7 7 7 7 7
IFIED SOLUTIONS.
7
The7nurse7is7giving7preoperative7instructions7to7a714-
year7old7female7client7who7is7scheduled7for7surgery7to7correct7a7spinal7curvature.7Whic
h7statement7by7the7client7best7demonstrates7that7learning7has7taken7place?7
A.7I7will7read7all7the7literature7you7gave7me7before7surgery.
B.7I7have7had7surgery7before7when7I7broke7my7wrist7in7a7bike7accident,7so7I7know7what7
to7expect.
C.7All7the7things7people7have7told7me7will7help7me7take7care7of7my7back.7
D.7I7understand7that7I7will7be7in7a7body7cast7and7I7will7show7you7how7you7taught7me7to7t
urn.7-7correct7answer✔ ✔
D.7I7understand7that7I7will7be7in7a7body7cast7and7I7will7show7you7how7you7taught7me7t
o7turn.
Outcome7of7learning7is7best7demonstrated7when7the7client7not7only7verbalizes7an7under
standing,7but7also7can7provide7a7return7demonstration.7A714-
year7old7may7or7may7not7follow7through7with7reading7material7and7there7is7no7way7of7m
easuring7that7way7of7learning.7Have7a7previous7surgery7may7help7the7client7understand
the7surgical7process,7but7wrist7surgery7is7very7different7from7spinal7surgery7and7emerg
7
ency7surgery7is7different7than7elective7surgery.7In7(C),7the7client7may7be7saying7what7th
e7nurse7wants7to7hear,7without7expressing7any7real7understanding7of7what7to7do7after7s
urgery.
To7take7the7vital7signs7of7a74-
month7old7child,7which7order7will7give7the7most7accurate7results?7
,A.7Respiratory7rate,7heart7rate,7then7rectal7temperature
B.7Heart7rate,7rectal7temperature,7then7respiratory7rate.
C.7Rectal7temperature,7heart7rate,7then7respiratory7rate
D.7Rectal7temperature,7respiratory7rate,7then7heart7rate7-7correct7answer✔ ✔
A.7Respiratory7rate,7heart7rate,7then7rectal7temperature
The7respiratory7rate7should7be7taken7first7in7infants,7since7touching7them7or7performing7
unpleasant7procedures7usually7makes7them7cry,7elevating7the7heart7rate7and7making7re
spirations7difficult7to7count.7Rectal7temperature7is7the7most7invasive7procedure,7and7is7
mot7likely7to7precipitate7crying,7so7should7be7done7last.
During7routine7screening7at7a7school7clinic,7an7otoscope7examination7of7a7child's7ear7re
veals7a7tympanic7membrane7that7is7pearly7gray,7slightly7bulging,7and7not7movable.7Wha
t7action7should7the7nurse7take7next?7
A.7No7action7required,7as7this7is7an7expected7finding7for7a7school-aged7child
B.7Ask7the7child7if7he/she7has7had7a7cold,7runny7nose,7or7any7ear7pain7lately.
C.7Send7a7note7home7advising7the7parents7to7have7the7child7evaluated7by7a7healthcare7
provider7as7soon7as7possible.
d.7Call7the7parents7and7have7them7take7the7child7home7from7school7for7the7rest7of7the7d
ay.7-7correct7answer✔ ✔
B.7Ask7the7child7if7he/she7has7had7a7cold,7runny7nose,7or7any7ear7pain7lately.
More7information7is7needed7to7interpret7these7findings.7The7tympanic7membrane7is7nor
mally7pearly7gray,7not7bulging,7and7moves7when7the7client7blows7against7resistance7or7
a7small7puff7of7air7is7blown7into7the7ear7canal.7Since7this7child's7findings7are7not7comple
tely7normal,7further7assessment7of7history7and7related7signs7and7symptoms7is7indicated
for7accurate7interpretation7of7the7findings.7(A),7(C),7and7(D)7are7inappropriate7actions7b
7
ased7on7the7data7obtained7from7the7otoscope7examination.
Which7restraint7should7be7used7for7a7toddler7after7a7cleft7palate7repair?7
A.7clove7hitch
,B.7Mummy
C.7elbow
D.7jacket7-7correct7answer✔ ✔ C.7elbow
Elbow7restraints
Elbow7restraints7prevent7children7from7bending7their7arms7and7bringing7their7hands7to7t
he7oral7surgical7site.7A7clove7hitch7restrains7the7hands,7but7the7child7can7bend7and7brin
g7their7head7to7their7hands.7A7mummy7restraint7is7used7during7procedures.7A7jacket7res
traint7restrains7the7body7torso7and7is7not7appropriate.
What7preoperative7nursing7intervention7should7be7included7in7the7plan7of7care7for7an7inf
ant7with7pyloric7stenosis?7
A.7Monitor7for7signs7of7metabolic7acidosis.
B.7estimate7the7quantity7of7diarrhea7stools.
C.7place7in7a7supine7position7after7feeding
D.7observe7for7projectile7vomiting.7-7correct7answer✔ ✔
D.7observe7for7projectile7vomiting.
Projectile7vomiting7which7contributes7to7metabolic7alkalosis,7is7the7classic7sign7of7pylori
c7stenosis.7Estimating7the7quantity7of7diarrhea7stools7is7not7indicated.7Placing7the7child7
in7a7supine7position7is7dangerous7due7to7the7potential7for7aspiration7with7frequent7vomiti
ng.
A7six-month-
old7returns7from7surgery7with7elbow7restraints7in7place.7What7nursing7care7should7be7in
cluded7when7caring7for7any7restrained7child?7
A.7keep7restraints7on7at7all7times.7
B.7remove7restraints7one7at7a7time7and7provide7range7of7motion7exercises
C.7Remove7all7restraints7simultaneously7and7provide7lay7activities
, D.7renew7the7healthcare7provider's7prescription7for7restraints7every7727hours.7-
correct7answer✔ ✔
7
B.7remove7restraints7one7at7a7time7and7provide7range7of7motion7exercises
Removing7restraints7one7at7a7time7is7safer7than7removing7all7of7them7at7once.7The7child
needs7to7exercise7and7should7not7be7kept7in7restraints7at7all7times.7The7renewal7of7the7
7
healthcare7provider's7prescription7varies7with7hospitals7and7it7does7not7really7answer7th
e7question.
A72-
year7old7child7with7Down7syndrome7is7brought7to7the7clinic7for7his7regular7physical7exa
mination.7The7nurse7knows7which7problem7is7frequently7associated7with7Down7syndrom
e?7
A.7congenital7heart7disease
B.7fragile7x-chromosome
C.7trisomy713
D.7pyloric7stenosis7-7correct7answer✔ ✔ A.7congenital7heart7disease
Congenital7heart7disease7is7the7most7common7associated7defect7in7children7with7Down7
syndrome.7Trisomy7137my7have7seemed7possible7since7Down7syndrome7is7a7trisomal7c
hromosomal7abnormality7o7chromosome721.7Fragile7x-chromosome7is7a7sex-
linked7abnormality7also7causing7mental7retardation.7Pyloric7stenosis7is7not7associated7w
ith7Down7syndrome.
When7assessing7a7child7with7asthma,7the7nurse7should7expect7intercostal7retractions7d
uring
A.7inspiration
B.7coughing
C.7apneic7episodes
D.7expiration7-7correct7answer✔ ✔ A.7inspiration
