MSF Practice Qs Exam 2026 Questions
and Answers
Which of the following vessels allows for quick exchange of gases and nutrients
with cells?
A. Arteries
B. Arterioles
C. Capillaries
D. Venule
E. Veins - Correct answer-C. Capillaries
Which of the following statements is true regarding the sympathetic nervous
system effects on blood flow?
A. Venoconstriction decreases capacitance and increases venous return to the heart
B. Venoconstriction increases capacitance and increases venous return to the heart
C. Venoconstriction decreases capacitance and decreases stroke volume in the
ventricles
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,D. Venoconstriction increases capacitance and decreases end-diastolic volume
E. Venoconstriction does not affect capacitance - Correct answer-A.
Venoconstriction decreases capacitance and increases venous return to the heart
In certain types of kidney disease, too much protein (i.e.albumin) is filtered at the
kidney and protein is lost in
the urine. Which of the of following scenarios accurately reflects the cause of
edema in this scenario?
A. Capillary oncotic pressure decreases and causes edema
B. Capillary oncotic pressure increases and causes edema
C. Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure increases and causes edema
D. Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure decreases and causes edema
E. Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure increases and causes edema - Correct
answer-A. Capillary oncotic pressure decreases and causes edema
How does blood flow through the heart (starting with inferior and superior vena
cavae)
A. Right atrium -> Left atrium -> Right ventricle -> Left ventricle -> Pulmonary
arteries -> Pulmonary veins ->
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,Aorta -> Lungs
B. Right atrium -> Right ventricle -> Pulmonary arteries -> Lungs -> Pulmonary
veins -> Left atrium -> Left
ventricle -> Aorta -> Body
C. Left atrium -> Left ventricle -> Right atrium -> Right ventricle -> Aorta ->
Pulmonary arteries ->
Pulmonary veins -> Lungs
D. Left atrium -> Right atrium -> Left ventricle -> Right ventricle -> Pulmonary
veins -> Pulmonary arteries ->
Aorta -> Lungs
E. Right atrium -> Right ventricle -> Pulmonary veins -> Lungs -> Pulmonary
arteries -> Left atrium -> Left
ventricle -> Aorta -> Body - Correct answer-B. Right atrium -> Right ventricle ->
Pulmonary arteries -> Lungs -> Pulmonary veins -> Left atrium -> Left
ventricle -> Aorta -> Body
Which of the following represents long-distance control of blood flow?
A. Myogenic autoregulation
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, B. Reactive hyperemia
C. Active hyperemia
D. Norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction
E. Vasopressin-induced vasodilation - Correct answer-D. Norepinephrine-induced
vasoconstriction
Blood from the left atrium enters the left ventricle through which of the following
valves?
A. Aortic semilunar valve
B. Bicuspid or mitral valve
C. Pulmonary semilunar valve
D. Tricuspid valve
E. Aortic atrioventricular valve - Correct answer-B. Bicuspid or mitral valve
Consider the equation: MAP = CO X TPR. Drug x is given to a patient with high
blood pressure. The mechanism of
drug x is to cause smooth muscle around specific vessels to relax. Which of the
following scenarios best
describes how this drug works?
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and Answers
Which of the following vessels allows for quick exchange of gases and nutrients
with cells?
A. Arteries
B. Arterioles
C. Capillaries
D. Venule
E. Veins - Correct answer-C. Capillaries
Which of the following statements is true regarding the sympathetic nervous
system effects on blood flow?
A. Venoconstriction decreases capacitance and increases venous return to the heart
B. Venoconstriction increases capacitance and increases venous return to the heart
C. Venoconstriction decreases capacitance and decreases stroke volume in the
ventricles
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,D. Venoconstriction increases capacitance and decreases end-diastolic volume
E. Venoconstriction does not affect capacitance - Correct answer-A.
Venoconstriction decreases capacitance and increases venous return to the heart
In certain types of kidney disease, too much protein (i.e.albumin) is filtered at the
kidney and protein is lost in
the urine. Which of the of following scenarios accurately reflects the cause of
edema in this scenario?
A. Capillary oncotic pressure decreases and causes edema
B. Capillary oncotic pressure increases and causes edema
C. Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure increases and causes edema
D. Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure decreases and causes edema
E. Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure increases and causes edema - Correct
answer-A. Capillary oncotic pressure decreases and causes edema
How does blood flow through the heart (starting with inferior and superior vena
cavae)
A. Right atrium -> Left atrium -> Right ventricle -> Left ventricle -> Pulmonary
arteries -> Pulmonary veins ->
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,Aorta -> Lungs
B. Right atrium -> Right ventricle -> Pulmonary arteries -> Lungs -> Pulmonary
veins -> Left atrium -> Left
ventricle -> Aorta -> Body
C. Left atrium -> Left ventricle -> Right atrium -> Right ventricle -> Aorta ->
Pulmonary arteries ->
Pulmonary veins -> Lungs
D. Left atrium -> Right atrium -> Left ventricle -> Right ventricle -> Pulmonary
veins -> Pulmonary arteries ->
Aorta -> Lungs
E. Right atrium -> Right ventricle -> Pulmonary veins -> Lungs -> Pulmonary
arteries -> Left atrium -> Left
ventricle -> Aorta -> Body - Correct answer-B. Right atrium -> Right ventricle ->
Pulmonary arteries -> Lungs -> Pulmonary veins -> Left atrium -> Left
ventricle -> Aorta -> Body
Which of the following represents long-distance control of blood flow?
A. Myogenic autoregulation
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, B. Reactive hyperemia
C. Active hyperemia
D. Norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction
E. Vasopressin-induced vasodilation - Correct answer-D. Norepinephrine-induced
vasoconstriction
Blood from the left atrium enters the left ventricle through which of the following
valves?
A. Aortic semilunar valve
B. Bicuspid or mitral valve
C. Pulmonary semilunar valve
D. Tricuspid valve
E. Aortic atrioventricular valve - Correct answer-B. Bicuspid or mitral valve
Consider the equation: MAP = CO X TPR. Drug x is given to a patient with high
blood pressure. The mechanism of
drug x is to cause smooth muscle around specific vessels to relax. Which of the
following scenarios best
describes how this drug works?
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