PHARMACOLOGY NR 293 EXAM 1 2025/2026
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
1. Describe how the concept of additive effect applies to the scenario of
Corleen receiving both intravenous morphine and oral pain medication.
The additive effect refers to the side effects of the medications
being combined.
The additive effect means that the medications cancel each other
out, leading to no pain relief.
The additive effect occurs when the combination of intravenous
morphine and oral pain medication enhances pain relief
beyond what either medication could achieve alone.
The additive effect indicates that the medications have no
interaction at all.
2. If Carson's symptoms worsen after receiving a new antibiotic, what
immediate action should the healthcare team take?
Administer epinephrine
Increase the antibiotic dosage
Provide oral antihistamines
Monitor vital signs only
3. What type of reaction is characterized by severe difficulty breathing and
can occur after starting a new medication?
Anaphylactic Reaction
Toxic Reaction
,Allergic Reaction
Idiosyncratic Reaction
, 4. Describe the role of itraconazole in treating Charlie's diagnosed
condition of onychomycosis.
Itraconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat
onychomycosis by inhibiting fungal growth.
Itraconazole is a pain reliever that reduces inflammation in the
feet.
Itraconazole is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infections in the
skin.
Itraconazole is a vitamin supplement that promotes nail health.
5. The primary care provider orders peak and trough levels for a patients
who is receiving IV vancomycin every 12 hours. when should the nurse
obtain a blood specimen to measure the trough?
two hours after the next dose infuses
while the drug is infusing
with the morning routine lab studies
approx. 30 min before the next dose is scheduled
6. If a patient with liver failure is prescribed a medication with a high first-
pass effect, what should the healthcare provider consider regarding the
dosage?
The dosage may need to be adjusted due to decreased
bioavailability.
The dosage will remain the same regardless of liver function.
The dosage should be decreased to prevent toxicity without
considering bioavailability.
The dosage should be increased to compensate for faster
metabolism.
WITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
1. Describe how the concept of additive effect applies to the scenario of
Corleen receiving both intravenous morphine and oral pain medication.
The additive effect refers to the side effects of the medications
being combined.
The additive effect means that the medications cancel each other
out, leading to no pain relief.
The additive effect occurs when the combination of intravenous
morphine and oral pain medication enhances pain relief
beyond what either medication could achieve alone.
The additive effect indicates that the medications have no
interaction at all.
2. If Carson's symptoms worsen after receiving a new antibiotic, what
immediate action should the healthcare team take?
Administer epinephrine
Increase the antibiotic dosage
Provide oral antihistamines
Monitor vital signs only
3. What type of reaction is characterized by severe difficulty breathing and
can occur after starting a new medication?
Anaphylactic Reaction
Toxic Reaction
,Allergic Reaction
Idiosyncratic Reaction
, 4. Describe the role of itraconazole in treating Charlie's diagnosed
condition of onychomycosis.
Itraconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat
onychomycosis by inhibiting fungal growth.
Itraconazole is a pain reliever that reduces inflammation in the
feet.
Itraconazole is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infections in the
skin.
Itraconazole is a vitamin supplement that promotes nail health.
5. The primary care provider orders peak and trough levels for a patients
who is receiving IV vancomycin every 12 hours. when should the nurse
obtain a blood specimen to measure the trough?
two hours after the next dose infuses
while the drug is infusing
with the morning routine lab studies
approx. 30 min before the next dose is scheduled
6. If a patient with liver failure is prescribed a medication with a high first-
pass effect, what should the healthcare provider consider regarding the
dosage?
The dosage may need to be adjusted due to decreased
bioavailability.
The dosage will remain the same regardless of liver function.
The dosage should be decreased to prevent toxicity without
considering bioavailability.
The dosage should be increased to compensate for faster
metabolism.
