HEP 3600 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- A dynamic state or condition of the human organism that is
multidimensional in nature, a resource for living, and results from a person's interactions with and
adaptations to his or her environment
Community - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- A group of people who have common characteristics: Can be
defined by location, race, ethnicity, age, occupation, interest in particular problems or outcomes, or
common bonds
- Characterized by: Membership, common symbol systems, shared values and norms, mutual influence,
shared needs and commitment to meeting them, shared emotional connection
Public Health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the
conditions in which people can be healthy can occur; most inclusive term
Community health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Health status of a defined group of people and the actions
and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health
Population Health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the
distribution of such outcomes within the group
Global health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national
boundaries
- May be influenced by circumstances or experiences in other countries
- Best addressed by cooperative actions and solutions
Personal health activities - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Individual actions and decision making that affect
the health of an individual or his or her immediate family members or friends
Community/public health activities - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Activities aimed at protecting or improving
the health of a population or community
- Maintaining birth and death records, protecting food and water supply, etc.
,Factors that Affect the Health of a Community - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Physical
- Social and Cultural
Physical factors that affect the health of a community - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Geography
- Environment
- Community Size
- Industrial development
Social and Cultural factors that affect the health of a community - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Beliefs,
traditions, and prejudices
- Economy
- Politics
- Religion
- Social norms
- Socioeconomic status
Community Organizing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- A process through which communities are helped to
identify common problems or goals, mobilize resources, and in other ways develop and implement
strategies for reaching the goals they have collectively set
- Is not a science, but an art of consensus building within a democratic process
Individual Behavior - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Takes the concerted effort of many individuals to make a
program work.
- Herd immunity
- The resistance of a population to the spread of an infectious agent based on the immunity of a high
proportion of individuals
A History of Community and Public Health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Almost as long as the history of
civilization
- Knowledge of the past helps us better prepare for future community health challenges
,Earliest Civilizations - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Many community health practices went unrecorded
- Practices may have involved taboos, rites, and spiritual beliefs
- Archaeological evidence of community health activities dating back to 2000 B.C.E.
Ancient Societies (Before 500 B.C.) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- China
- Emperor Shen Nung (2700 B.C.)
- Originated drug therapy and acupuncture
- Incorporated theory of Yang and Yin
- Yang = the male principal
- Yin = the female principal
- An individual will have good health when these opposing forces are in harmony
-Nothern India: Evidence of bathrooms and sewers
- Crete: Evidence of toilets, flushing systems, and sewers
- Sumarian clay tablet: Evidence of presciption drugs
Ancient Societies (before 500 B.C.)
- Egypt - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Middle Kingdom of ancient Egypt: Evidence of water drainage
- Physicians kept detailed case histories of patients on papyri scrolls
- The sick sought help at the temples - thus the temples assumed the dual role of church and hospital,
and the priest became a physician-priest.
- The Papyrus Ebers
- Discovered in 1875
- Written around 2500 B.C.
- Contains approximately 700 prescriptions for all forms of disease, arranged in sections according to
the body systems
Ancient Societies (before 500 B.C.) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Mummifying
, - protects the population from the spread of disease carried by the dead. Helped lead present day x-ray
and DNA testing on skeletal remains, further advancing understanding of medicine, disease, and public
health.
- Eye of Horus hieroglyph: is the basis for the "Rx"
- Components of the symbol represent specific instructions on how prescribed meds are to be used
Imhotep (before 500 B.C.) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- High priest, poet, vizier, architect, physician, etc.
- Regarded by many as the true "father of medicine"
- Fictionalized in movies such as "the Mummy"
- He was the architect of the first pyramid
- He wrote extensive mdeical texts. Most were destroyed when the library in Alexandria, Egypt was
burned by Julius Caesar. Many believe that the loss of the library was the single greatest loss of
knowledge in human history. Played a role leading to the "Dark Ages" in the Western World.
- The search for his tomb is underway and is highly anticipated by the world.
Babylon (before 500 B.C.) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Developed a Code of Law: "Hammurabi"(engraved
on a stone slate - discovered in 1902)
- Some what humanitarian and tried to prevent the defrauding of the helpless.
- Medical fees were spelled out - on ability to pay
- If patient suffered complications the doctor would be punished and may have his hands cut off
Israel (before 500 B.C) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Book of Leviticus provided guidelines for personal
cleanliness, sanitation, disinfection of walls, isolation of disease, disposal of refuse, and the hygiene of
maternity
Greece (500 B.C. - A.D. 500) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Active in community sanitation
- Running water; supplemented local city wells with water supplies from mountains as far as 10 miles
away.
Hippocrates (460-377 B.C.) Greece - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Many medical writings that took a logical
approach to medicine
- Hippocratic oath
Health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- A dynamic state or condition of the human organism that is
multidimensional in nature, a resource for living, and results from a person's interactions with and
adaptations to his or her environment
Community - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- A group of people who have common characteristics: Can be
defined by location, race, ethnicity, age, occupation, interest in particular problems or outcomes, or
common bonds
- Characterized by: Membership, common symbol systems, shared values and norms, mutual influence,
shared needs and commitment to meeting them, shared emotional connection
Public Health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Actions that society takes collectively to ensure that the
conditions in which people can be healthy can occur; most inclusive term
Community health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Health status of a defined group of people and the actions
and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health
Population Health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the
distribution of such outcomes within the group
Global health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national
boundaries
- May be influenced by circumstances or experiences in other countries
- Best addressed by cooperative actions and solutions
Personal health activities - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Individual actions and decision making that affect
the health of an individual or his or her immediate family members or friends
Community/public health activities - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Activities aimed at protecting or improving
the health of a population or community
- Maintaining birth and death records, protecting food and water supply, etc.
,Factors that Affect the Health of a Community - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Physical
- Social and Cultural
Physical factors that affect the health of a community - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Geography
- Environment
- Community Size
- Industrial development
Social and Cultural factors that affect the health of a community - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Beliefs,
traditions, and prejudices
- Economy
- Politics
- Religion
- Social norms
- Socioeconomic status
Community Organizing - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- A process through which communities are helped to
identify common problems or goals, mobilize resources, and in other ways develop and implement
strategies for reaching the goals they have collectively set
- Is not a science, but an art of consensus building within a democratic process
Individual Behavior - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Takes the concerted effort of many individuals to make a
program work.
- Herd immunity
- The resistance of a population to the spread of an infectious agent based on the immunity of a high
proportion of individuals
A History of Community and Public Health - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Almost as long as the history of
civilization
- Knowledge of the past helps us better prepare for future community health challenges
,Earliest Civilizations - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Many community health practices went unrecorded
- Practices may have involved taboos, rites, and spiritual beliefs
- Archaeological evidence of community health activities dating back to 2000 B.C.E.
Ancient Societies (Before 500 B.C.) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- China
- Emperor Shen Nung (2700 B.C.)
- Originated drug therapy and acupuncture
- Incorporated theory of Yang and Yin
- Yang = the male principal
- Yin = the female principal
- An individual will have good health when these opposing forces are in harmony
-Nothern India: Evidence of bathrooms and sewers
- Crete: Evidence of toilets, flushing systems, and sewers
- Sumarian clay tablet: Evidence of presciption drugs
Ancient Societies (before 500 B.C.)
- Egypt - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Middle Kingdom of ancient Egypt: Evidence of water drainage
- Physicians kept detailed case histories of patients on papyri scrolls
- The sick sought help at the temples - thus the temples assumed the dual role of church and hospital,
and the priest became a physician-priest.
- The Papyrus Ebers
- Discovered in 1875
- Written around 2500 B.C.
- Contains approximately 700 prescriptions for all forms of disease, arranged in sections according to
the body systems
Ancient Societies (before 500 B.C.) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Mummifying
, - protects the population from the spread of disease carried by the dead. Helped lead present day x-ray
and DNA testing on skeletal remains, further advancing understanding of medicine, disease, and public
health.
- Eye of Horus hieroglyph: is the basis for the "Rx"
- Components of the symbol represent specific instructions on how prescribed meds are to be used
Imhotep (before 500 B.C.) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- High priest, poet, vizier, architect, physician, etc.
- Regarded by many as the true "father of medicine"
- Fictionalized in movies such as "the Mummy"
- He was the architect of the first pyramid
- He wrote extensive mdeical texts. Most were destroyed when the library in Alexandria, Egypt was
burned by Julius Caesar. Many believe that the loss of the library was the single greatest loss of
knowledge in human history. Played a role leading to the "Dark Ages" in the Western World.
- The search for his tomb is underway and is highly anticipated by the world.
Babylon (before 500 B.C.) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Developed a Code of Law: "Hammurabi"(engraved
on a stone slate - discovered in 1902)
- Some what humanitarian and tried to prevent the defrauding of the helpless.
- Medical fees were spelled out - on ability to pay
- If patient suffered complications the doctor would be punished and may have his hands cut off
Israel (before 500 B.C) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Book of Leviticus provided guidelines for personal
cleanliness, sanitation, disinfection of walls, isolation of disease, disposal of refuse, and the hygiene of
maternity
Greece (500 B.C. - A.D. 500) - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Active in community sanitation
- Running water; supplemented local city wells with water supplies from mountains as far as 10 miles
away.
Hippocrates (460-377 B.C.) Greece - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅- Many medical writings that took a logical
approach to medicine
- Hippocratic oath
