UT TYLER FNP NURS 5350 ADV PATHO
EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
⩥ Risk. Answer: Factor that when present increases the chance of
disease
Not stressors, but conditions or situations that increase the likelihood of
encountering a stressor
⩥ Prevalence. Answer: A measure of disease that allows us to determine
a person's likelihood of having a disease. Therefore, the number of
prevalent cases is the total number of cases of disease existing in a
population. A prevalence rate is the total number of cases of a disease
existing in a population divided by the total population
Indicates how widespread the disease is
⩥ Incidence. Answer: A measure of disease that allows us to determine a
person's probability of being diagnosed with a disease during a given
period of time. Therefore, incidence is the number of newly diagnosed
cases of a disease. An incidence rate is the number of new cases of a
disease divided by the number of persons at risk for the disease.
Conveys information about the risk of contracting the disease.
,⩥ Ratio. Answer: The quantitative relation between two amounts
showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within
the other.
⩥ Primary Prevention. Answer: Altering susceptibility or reducing
exposure for susceptible persons
*Both illness and disease are absent
example: vaccinations, healthy lifestyles
⩥ Secondary Prevention. Answer: Early detection, screening, and
management of disease
*Illness absent, disease present
example: screenings and testings
⩥ Tertiary Prevention. Answer: Rehabilitation, supportive care, reducing
disability, and restoring effective functioning
*Both illness and disease present
example: education
⩥ Epidemiology. Answer: study of the patterns of disease involving
populations; examining the occurrence, incidence, prevalence,
,transmission, and distribution of diseases in large groups of
populations/people
⩥ Endemic. Answer: A disease theat is native to a local region
⩥ Epidemic. Answer: When a disease is disseninated to many individals
at the same time
(spread to many people at the same time)
⩥ Pandemic. Answer: Epidemics that affect large geographic regions,
perhaps spreading worldwide.
(spread to large geographic areas)
⩥ *Chapter 2: Homeostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors*.
Answer:
⩥ Homeostasis. Answer: A state of being in which all systems are in
balance around a articular ideal "set-point"
⩥ Exhausation. Answer: Point where body can no longer return to
homeostasis following a prolonged exposure to noxious agents
, ⩥ Allostatic Overload. Answer: "Cost" of body's organs and tissues for
an excessive or ineffectively regulated allostatic response; effect of
"wear and tear" on the body
⩥ Adaptation. Answer: Adaptation: biopsychosocial process of change
in response to new or altered circumstances, internal or external in origin
Coping: behavioral adaptive response to a stressor using culturally based
coping mechanisms
Adaptation and coping: terms used interchangeably
⩥ Arousal. Answer: Includes alterations in responsiveness to
homeostatic pressures, sensory stimuli and emotional reactivity, and to
changes in motor activity
⩥ Function of Cortisol. Answer: Primary glucocorticoid
Affects protein metabolism
Promotes appetite and food-seeking behaviors
Has anti-inflammatory effects
Chemical mediator in the inflammation response of the body
Adrenal corticosteroid critical to maintenance of homeostasis
May synergize or antagonize effects of catecholamines
⩥ *Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function*. Answer:
EXAM STUDY GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
⩥ Risk. Answer: Factor that when present increases the chance of
disease
Not stressors, but conditions or situations that increase the likelihood of
encountering a stressor
⩥ Prevalence. Answer: A measure of disease that allows us to determine
a person's likelihood of having a disease. Therefore, the number of
prevalent cases is the total number of cases of disease existing in a
population. A prevalence rate is the total number of cases of a disease
existing in a population divided by the total population
Indicates how widespread the disease is
⩥ Incidence. Answer: A measure of disease that allows us to determine a
person's probability of being diagnosed with a disease during a given
period of time. Therefore, incidence is the number of newly diagnosed
cases of a disease. An incidence rate is the number of new cases of a
disease divided by the number of persons at risk for the disease.
Conveys information about the risk of contracting the disease.
,⩥ Ratio. Answer: The quantitative relation between two amounts
showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within
the other.
⩥ Primary Prevention. Answer: Altering susceptibility or reducing
exposure for susceptible persons
*Both illness and disease are absent
example: vaccinations, healthy lifestyles
⩥ Secondary Prevention. Answer: Early detection, screening, and
management of disease
*Illness absent, disease present
example: screenings and testings
⩥ Tertiary Prevention. Answer: Rehabilitation, supportive care, reducing
disability, and restoring effective functioning
*Both illness and disease present
example: education
⩥ Epidemiology. Answer: study of the patterns of disease involving
populations; examining the occurrence, incidence, prevalence,
,transmission, and distribution of diseases in large groups of
populations/people
⩥ Endemic. Answer: A disease theat is native to a local region
⩥ Epidemic. Answer: When a disease is disseninated to many individals
at the same time
(spread to many people at the same time)
⩥ Pandemic. Answer: Epidemics that affect large geographic regions,
perhaps spreading worldwide.
(spread to large geographic areas)
⩥ *Chapter 2: Homeostasis and Adaptive Responses to Stressors*.
Answer:
⩥ Homeostasis. Answer: A state of being in which all systems are in
balance around a articular ideal "set-point"
⩥ Exhausation. Answer: Point where body can no longer return to
homeostasis following a prolonged exposure to noxious agents
, ⩥ Allostatic Overload. Answer: "Cost" of body's organs and tissues for
an excessive or ineffectively regulated allostatic response; effect of
"wear and tear" on the body
⩥ Adaptation. Answer: Adaptation: biopsychosocial process of change
in response to new or altered circumstances, internal or external in origin
Coping: behavioral adaptive response to a stressor using culturally based
coping mechanisms
Adaptation and coping: terms used interchangeably
⩥ Arousal. Answer: Includes alterations in responsiveness to
homeostatic pressures, sensory stimuli and emotional reactivity, and to
changes in motor activity
⩥ Function of Cortisol. Answer: Primary glucocorticoid
Affects protein metabolism
Promotes appetite and food-seeking behaviors
Has anti-inflammatory effects
Chemical mediator in the inflammation response of the body
Adrenal corticosteroid critical to maintenance of homeostasis
May synergize or antagonize effects of catecholamines
⩥ *Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Function*. Answer:
